PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Rhinobatos

Chondrichthyes - Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae

Taxonomy

Rhinobatos was named by Link (1790) [Sepkoski's age data: K Apti R Sepkoski's reference number: 525,884]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Galeomorphii by Sepkoski (2002); and to Rhinobatidae by Jordan (1963), Cappetta (1975), Cappetta and Case (1975), Herman (1977), Cappetta (1980), Case (1981), Cappetta (1987), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Case et al. (1990), Dica et al. (1996), Kriwet (1999), Cappetta and Case (1999), Goodwin et al. (1999), Zalmout and Mustafa (2001), Purdy et al. (2001), Peng et al. (2001), Cicimurri (2003), Tabuce et al. (2005), Shimada et al. (2006), Rana et al. (2006), Cahuzac et al. (2007), Everhart (2007), Kriwet et al. (2009), Guinot et al. (2012), Case et al. (2015), Corral et al. (2016), Ebersole et al. (2019), Maisch et al. (2021) and Guinot et al. (2023).

Species lacking formal opinion data

R. craddocki, R. lentiginosus, R. uvulatus

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1790	Rhinobatos Link
1963	Rhinobatos Jordan p. 603
1975	Rhinobatos Cappetta p. 124
1975	Rhinobatos Cappetta and Case p. 25
1977	Rhinobatos Herman p. 272
1980	Rhinobatos Cappetta p. 178
1981	Rhinobatos Case p. 68
1987	Rhinobatos Cappetta p. 137
1987	Rhinobatos Kumar and Loyal p. 67
1990	Rhinobatos Case et al. p. 1092
1996	Rhinobatos Dica et al. p. 118
1999	Rhinobatos Cappetta and Case p. 31
1999	Rhinobatos Goodwin et al. p. 732
1999	Rhinobatos Kriwet p. 124
2001	Rhinobatos Peng et al. p. 8
2001	Rhinobatos Purdy et al. p. 89
2001	Rhinobatos Zalmout and Mustafa pp. 398-399 figs. 4-6, plate 5
2002	Rhinobatos Sepkoski
2003	Rhinobatos Cicimurri p. 11 figs. 5, J
2005	Rhinobatos Tabuce et al. p. 387
2006	Rhinobatos Rana et al. p. 516
2006	Rhinobatos Shimada et al. p. 18
2007	Rhinobatos Cahuzac et al. p. 26
2007	Rhinobatos Everhart p. 226
2009	Rhinobatos Kriwet et al. p. 327
2012	Rhinobatos Guinot et al. p. 453
2015	Rhinobatos Case et al. p. 1129
2016	Rhinobatos Corral et al. p. 651
2019	Rhinobatos Ebersole et al. p. 106
2021	Rhinobatos Maisch et al. p. 15
2023	Rhinobatos Guinot et al. pp. 13-14 fig. 7

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Chondrichthyes

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii	()
—	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
superorder	Batomorphii
order	Rajiformes	Berg 1940
suborder	Rhinobatoidei	Fowler 1941
family	Rhinobatidae	Müller and Henle 1837
genus	Rhinobatos	Link 1790

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Rhinobatos Link 1790

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†Rhinobatos auribatensis Adnet 2006

†Rhinobatos beurleni Silva Santos 1968

†Rhinobatos beurlini Silva Santos 1968

†Rhinobatos casieri Herman 1977

†Rhinobatos echavei Cappetta and Corral 1999

†Rhinobatos hakelensis Cappetta 1980

†Rhinobatos ibericus Cappetta and Corral 1999

†Rhinobatos incertus Cappetta 1973

†Rhinobatos incidens Kriwet 1999

†Rhinobatos intermedius Davis 1887

†Rhinobatos kiestensis Cappetta and Case 1999

†Rhinobatos ladoniaensis Cappetta and Case 1999

†Rhinobatos latus Davis 1887

†Rhinobatos lobatus Cappetta and Case 1999

†Rhinobatos maronita Pictet and Humbert 1866

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Invalid names: Rhinobatus grandis Davis 1887 [synonym]

†Rhinobatos obtusatus Costa 1864

†Rhinobatos primarmatus Woodward 1889

Rhinobatos rhinobatos Linnaeus 1758 [common guitarfish]

†Rhinobatos sahnii Sahni and Mehrotra 1981

†Rhinobatos seruensis Guinot et al. 2012

†Rhinobatos steurbauti Cappetta and Nolf 1981

†Rhinobatos tenuirostris Davis 1887

†Rhinobatos whitfieldi Hay 1903

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektobenthico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Created:

2009-07-21 07:15:23

Modified:

2009-07-21 09:15:23

Source: o = order, subp = subphylum

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tithonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 152.10000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 145.0 Ma

Collections (139 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Tithonian	152.1 - 145.0	Ethiopia (Shewa)	R. sp. (48841)
Hauterivian - Aptian	132.9 - 113.0	Tunisia (Tataouine)	R. sp. (116296)
Early/Lower Barremian	130.0 - 125.45	Spain (Teruel)	R. incidens (91420)
Early/Lower Barremian	130.0 - 125.45	Spain (Aragón)	R. sp. (36368)
Late/Upper Aptian	122.46 - 113.0	Brazil (Ceará)	R. beurleni (92290)
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	USA (Texas)	R. sp. (27604 27606)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	Italy (Campania)	Rhinobatus obtusatus (112631)
Early/Lower Albian	112.03 - 109.0	USA (Texas)	R. sp. (27774)
Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian	105.3 - 93.5	Kazakhstan	R. sp. (175010)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	France (Poitou-Charentes)	R. sp. (77229 77230 77232)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (Kansas)	R. sp. (213416 213418 213419)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (Colorado)	R. incertus (132505)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Lebanon	Raja whitfieldi (221229) R. maronita, R. hakelensis, R. grandis (69118) R. whitfieldi (213132) Rhinobatus grandis (216596) Rhinobatus maronita (221227)
Middle Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Canada (Saskatchewan)	R. incertus (22731)
Middle Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (Kansas)	R. sp. (94538)
Middle Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (Colorado)	R. incertus (35429 213403)
Turonian - Coniacian	93.9 - 86.3	USA (New Mexico)	R. incertus (221290)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	USA (Kansas)	R. sp. (213384)
Early/Lower Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	Canada (Alberta)	R. incertus (136242 213294)
Late/Upper Turonian	93.5 - 89.3	USA (South Dakota)	R. sp., R. incertus (213291)