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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish)

Taxonomy
Actinopterygii was named by Cope (1887). It is extant.

It was reranked as the order Actinopterygii by Gadow (1898), Woodward (1902) and Lambe (1908); it was reranked as the class Actinopterygii by Andrews (1906), Woodward (1916), Daly (1973), Schaeffer and Dalquest (1978), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Case and Schwimmer (1988), Ahlberg (1991), Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Weems (1999), Grande and Hilton (2006) and Poyato-Ariza (2010); it was reranked as the unranked clade Actinopterygii by Delsate (1997), Cartanyà (1999), Delsate (2003) and Previtera and González Riga (2008); it was reranked as the superclass Actinopterygii by Betancur et al. (2013); it was reranked as the subclass Actinopterygii by Casier (1966), Miles (1977), Domning and Clark (1993), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Carnevale (2007), Long et al. (2008), Choo (2012), Denton (2013), Nelson et al. (2016) and Carnevale and Godfrey (2018).

It was assigned to Teleostomi by Andrews (1906) and Woodward (1916); to Pisces by Lambe (1908) and Delsate (1997); to Teleostomi by Gadow (1898), Woodward (1902), Miles (1977) and Zalohar et al. (2009); to Osteichthyes by Delsate (2003), Previtera and González Riga (2008), Long (2011) and Betancur et al. (2013); to Chordata by Fourriére et al. (2014); and to Osteichthyes by Casier (1966), Daly (1973), Schaeffer and Dalquest (1978), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Case and Schwimmer (1988), Ahlberg (1991), Domning and Clark (1993), Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Cartanyà (1999), Weems (1999), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Grande and Hilton (2006), Carnevale (2007), Long et al. (2008), Poyato-Ariza (2010), Choo (2012), Denton (2013), Nelson et al. (2016) and Carnevale and Godfrey (2018).

Subtaxa
Actinopteri, Aeduelliformes, Aesopichthyidae, Aetheospondyli, Aetheretmon, Aethocephalichthys, Akanolepis, Ameghinichthys, Anapterus, Aneurolepis (syn. Urolepis), Asarotiformes, Atkinsonella, Australichthys, Avamia, Avonichthys, Baoqingichthys, Beagiascus, Bishofia, Bluefieldius, Bobastraniiformes, Burguklia, Cenechoia paramillensis, Cenechoia sulcata, Charleuxiidae, Chichiidae, Chirothrix, Cladistia, Cuneognathus, Diplospondichthys, Discordichthyidae, Echidnocephalus, Engraulis, Eurekichthyoidei, Eurynotiformes, Eurynotus uspallatensis, Eurypoma, Exocoetoides, Fubarichthyiformes, Guaymayenia, Guildayichthyiformes, Guntherichthys, Gyrolepidoides cuyanus, Gyrolepidotidae, Histiothrissa, Holuropsis, Isospondyli, Kalops, Kansasiella, Kenderlichthyidae, Kutaichthys, Lepidotus pectoralis, Lepidotus trotti, Lineagruan, Mallotus, Meemannia, Meisenheimichthys, Ministrella, Moythomasiidae, Neochallaia leonensis, Neuburgichthys, Nozamichthys, Ophiopsis lariensis, Opistopteryx, Oxypteriscus, Pachylebias (syn. Aelia), Palaeobergia, Palaeonisci, Palaeonisciformes (syn. Bobasatraniiformes, Palaeoniscida), Palaeoniscimorpha, Palaeoniscoidae, Palaeoniscoidea, Paleonisciformes, Paramblypteriformes, Phanerosteonoidei, Phoebeannaia, Pholidophorus dentatus, Pholidophorus lepturus, Pholidophorus rueppelli, Pholidophorus vallejensis, Piratata, Polypteri, Protaulopsis, Protospondyli, Pseudoberyx, Rhynchorhinus, Roslerichthys, Salmo, Schizospondylus, Semionotus brevis, Semionotus dubius, Semionotus inornatus, Semionotus mendozaensis, Semionotus unicristatus, Semionotus vallejensis, Spinofacia, Stegotrachelus, Tanyrhinichthys, Tarrasiiformes, Terenolepis, Tetragonopterus, Thryptodus, Trachichthyiformes, Uranichthys, Yaomoshania
Sister taxa
Actinopteri, Cladistia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1839Lepidotus trotti Balsamo-Crivelli p. 427
1857Pholidophorus lepturus Bellotti
1857Semionotus dubius Bellotti
1857Lepidotus pectoralis Bellotti p. 420
1857Semionotus brevis Bellotti p. 422
1857Pholidophorus rueppelli Bellotti p. 428
1876Semionotus inornatus Henry p. 417 figs. Pl 2, fig 23
1885Semionotus mendozaensis Geinitz
1887Actinopterygii Cope
1890Palaeoniscoidae Rohon
1895Ophiopsis lepturus Woodward p. 172
1895Heterolepidotus pectoralis Woodward p. 312
1895Allolepidotus rueppelli Woodward p. 315
1898Actinopterygii Gadow p. 7
1902Actinopterygii Woodward p. 3
1906Actinopterygii Andrews p. 313
1908Actinopterygii Lambe
1910Ophiopsis lepturus de Alessandri p. 87 figs. Pl 3, fig 4
1910Ophiopsis lariensis de Alessandri p. 89 figs. Pl 3, figs 5,6
1910Eugnathus trottii de Alessandri p. 97 figs. Pl 5, fig 3
1910Heterolepidotus pectoralis de Alessandri p. 100 figs. Pl 5, fig 4; pl 6, fig 1; pl 7, fig 1
1910Heterolepidotus brevis de Alessandri p. 107 figs. Pl 7, fig 2
1910Allolepidotus rueppelli de Alessandri p. 118 figs. Pl 8, figs 3,4
1910Eugnathus trottii de Allessandri p. 97 figs. Pl 5, fig 3
1916Actinopterygii Woodward p. 23
1944Gyrolepidoides cuyanus Cabrera
1946Palaeoniscoidea Dunkle p. 402
1946Cenechoia paramillensis Rusconi
1946Eurynotus uspallatensis Rusconi
1946Pholidophorus dentatus Rusconi
1946Semionotus unicristatus Rusconi
1947Cenechoia sulcata Rusconi
1947Pholidophorus vallejensis Rusconi
1948Gyrolepidoides multistriatus Rusconi
1950Semionotus vallejensis Rusconi
1952Neochallaia leonensis Rusconi
1960Palaeoniscoidea Gardiner p. 241
1966Actinopterygii Casier p. 103
1973Actinopterygii Daly p. 564
1977Actinopterygii Miles
1978Actinopterygii Schaeffer and Dalquest p. 8
1980Acanthoniscus Lowney
1980Acanthoniscus cracens Lowney
1981Actinopterygii Thurmond and Jones p. 80
1987Actinopterygii Kumar and Loyal p. 68
1988Actinopterygii Case and Schwimmer p. 297
1991Actinopterygii Ahlberg p. 280
1993Actinopterygii Cvancara and Hoganson p. 13
1993Actinopterygii Domning and Clark p. 413
1995Ophiopsis lepturus Bürgin p. 818 figs. 12-14
1995Palaeoniscimorpha Lund et al. pp. 215-220
1997Actinopterygii Delsate p. 129
1999Actinopterygii Cartanyà p. 540
1999Actinopterygii Weems p. 32
2001Furo trottii Lombardo p. 355 figs. 7-9; pl 2A
2002Palaeoniscimorpha Poplin and Lund
2003Actinopterygii Delsate p. 17
2003Actinopterygii Meyer and Zardoya
2004Actinopterygii Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260
2004Palaeoniscimorpha Prokofiev
2006Actinopterygii Grande and Hilton p. 5
2007Actinopterygii Carnevale p. 8
2008Actinopterygii Long et al.
2008Actinopterygii Previtera and González Riga
2009Palaeonisci Minikh and Minikh p. 144
2009Actinopterygii Zalohar et al. p. 80
2010Actinopterygii Poyato-Ariza p. 651
2011Actinopterygii Long p. 242
2012Actinopterygii Choo
2013Actinopterygii Betancur et al.
2013Actinopterygii Denton p. 786
2014Actinopterygii Fourriére et al. p. 380
2016Actinopterygii Nelson et al. p. 111
2018Actinopterygii Carnevale and Godfrey p. 163

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
superclassActinopterygii()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Supercl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
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Cl. Actinopteri Cope 1871
+
G. †Anaglyphus Rzehak 1881
+
Invalid names: Anaglyphus insignis Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Angatubichthys De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
+
Angatubichthys mendesi De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
G. †Bethesdaichthys Bender 2001
+
G. †Blourugia Bender 2006
+
Blourugia seeleyi Woodward 1893
G. †Frederichthys Coates 1993
+
G. †Kompasia Bender 2002
+
Kompasia delaharpei Bender 2002
G. †Lanarkichthys Elliott 2018
+
Lanarkichthys gardineri Elliott 2018
G. †Limnomis Daeschler 2000
+
Limnomis delaneyi Daeschler 2000
G. †Melanecta Coates 1998
+
Melanecta anneae Coates 1998
Or. †Merospondyli Cope 1887
+
Invalid names: Sphaerodontidae [empty]
G. †Moythomasia Gross 1950
+
Moythomasia antiqua Gross 1953
Moythomasia devonica Clarke 1885
Moythomasia durgaringa Gardiner and Bartram 1977
Moythomasia laevigata Gross 1953
Moythomasia lineata Choo 2015
Moythomasia nitida Gross 1953
Moythomasia perforata Gross 1942
Moythomasia striata Gross 1953
Invalid names: Aldingeria Gross 1942 [replaced]
Subcl. Neopterygii Regan 1923
+
G. †Ducanichthys Bürgin et al. 1991
+
Ducanichthys aculeatus Bürgin et al. 1991
G. †Frodoichthys Sun et al. 2016
+
Frodoichthys luopingensis Sun et al. 2016
Fm. †Gebrayelichthyidae Nursall and Capasso 2004
+
G. †Gebrayelichthys Nursall and Capasso 2004
+
Gebrayelichthys uyenoi Nursall and Capasso 2004
Gebrayelichthys vexillarius Nursall and Capasso 2004
G. †Gimlichthys Sun et al. 2016
+
Gimlichthys dawaziensis Sun et al. 2016
Infracl. Holostei Müller 1846
+
Or. Amiiformes Hay 1929 [bowfin]
+
G. †Ainia Jordan 1918
Fm. Amiidae Huxley 1861
+
Invalid names: Amiatidae Jordan 1923 [synonym]
Superfm. †Amioidea Bonaparte 1838
Subor. Amioidei
Fm. Caturidae Owen 1860
Superfm. †Caturoidea Owen 1860
G. †Eusemius Vetter 1881
G. †Ionoscopus Costa 1853
G. †Otomitla Felix 1891
Fm. †Palaeolabridae Estes 1969
Fm. †Dapediidae Cope 1877
+
G. †Dandya White and Moy-Thomas 1941
G. †Dapedium Leach 1822
+
Invalid names: Aechmodus Egerton 1845 [synonym], Amblyurus Agassiz 1836 [synonym], Omalopleurus Costa 1862 [synonym]
G. †Scopulipiscis Latimer and Giles 2018
Fm. †Gigantodontidae Weiler 1935
+
G. †Stromerichthys Weiler 1935
Unr. Ginglymodi Cope 1871
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Or. †Kyphosichthyiformes Sun and Ni 2017
Or. Lepisosteiformes Hay 1929 [gar]
G. †Neosemionotus Bocchino 1973
Or. †Semionotiformes Arambourg and Bertin 1958
Invalid names: Dapediiformes [empty]
G. †Holcodon Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
+
Holcodon lesinaensis Kramberger 1881
+
Invalid names: Holcodon lobopterygius Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
Holcodon lycodon Kner 1867
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Invalid names: Solenodon neocomiensis Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
Invalid names: Solenodon Kramberger 1881 [replaced]
Superfm. †Pholidophoroidea
+
Fm. †Protelopidae Saint-Seine 1949
G. †Sangiorgioichthys Tintori and Lombardo 2007
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Sangiorgioichthys aldae Tintori and Lombardo 2007
Sangiorgioichthys valmarensis Lombardo et al. 2012
G. †Ticinolepis López-Arbarello et al. 2016
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Ticinolepis crassidens López-Arbarello et al. 2016
Ticinolepis longaeva López-Arbarello et al. 2016
Invalid names: Aspidorhynchoidea [empty], Chilingosaurus chingshankouensis Young 1961 [nomen dubium], Pycnodontoidea [empty], Semionotoidea [empty]
Or. †Louwoichthyiformes Xu 2020
+
Fm. †Louwoichthyidae Xu 2020
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G. †Ctenognathichthys Bürgin 1992
G. †Louwoichthys Xu 2020
G. †Luopingichthys Sun et al. 2009
Fm. †Peltoperleididae Xu 2021
+
G. †Peltoperleidus Bürgin et al. 1991
Fm. †Pseudobeaconiidae López-Arbarello and Zavattieri 2008
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G. †Pseudobeaconia Bordas 1944
Invalid names: Amblypterus lujanensis Rusconi 1949 [nomen dubium], Anatoia debilis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Anatoia semiovata Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Caminchaia draghii Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Echentaia obesa Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Pasambaya tellecheai Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium]
+
+
G. †Altisolepis Mutter and Herzog 2004
G. †Cephaloxenus Brough 1939
G. †Peltopleurus Kner 1866
G. †Platysiagum Woodward 1895
Superfm. †Thoracopteroidea Griffith 1977
+
Fm. †Thoracopteridae Griffith 1977
Fm. †Wushaichthyidae Shen and Arratia 2022
Or. †Perleidiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Anatoia
G. †Boreichthys Selezneva 1982
G. †Caminchaia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
G. †Cenechoia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
G. †Chrotichthys Wade 1940
Fm. †Cleithrolepidae Wade 1935
+
G. †Cleithrolepidina Berg 1940
G. †Cleithrolepis Egerton 1864
G. †Hydropessum Broom 1913
Fm. †Colobodontidae Stensiö 1916
+
G. †Chaohuperleidus Sun et al. 2013
G. †Colobodus Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Asterodon Münster 1841 [synonym]
G. †Feroxichthys Xu 2020
G. †Procheirichthys Wade 1935
G. †Crenolepis Carus 1888
G. †Daninia Lombardo 2001
+
Daninia spinosa Lombardo 2001
G. †Dollopterus Abel 1906
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Dollopterus brunsvicensis Stolley 1919
Dollopterus subserratus Stolley 1919
Dollopterus volitans Compter 1891
Invalid names: Dolichopterus Compter 1891 [replaced]
G. †Echentaia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
Fm. †Fuyuanperleididae Sun et al. 2012
+
G. †Fuyuanperleidus Geng et al. 2012
Fm. †Gabanellidae Tintori and Lombardo 1996
+
G. †Gabanellia Tintori and Lombardo 1996
Fm. †Habroichthyidae Gardiner 1967
+
G. †Habroichthys Brough 1939
G. †Manlietta Wade 1935
G. †Mendocinichthys Whitley 1953
+
Mendocinichthys brevis Bordas 1944
G. †Pasambaya López-Arbarello et al. 2010
Fm. †Perleididae Brough 1931
+
G. †Aetheodontus Brough 1939
G. †Alvinia Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Diandongperleidus Geng et al. 2012
G. †Dipteronotus Egerton 1854
G. †Endennia Lombardo and Brambillasca 2005
G. †Eoperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Luopingperleidus Geng et al. 2012
G. †Megaperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Meidiichthys Brough 1931
G. †Mendocinia Bordas 1944
G. †Meridensia Andersson 1916
G. †Paraperleidus Zhao and Lu 2007
G. †Perleidus de Alessandri 1910
+
Invalid names: Dimorpholepis Teixeira 1947 [synonym]
G. †Plesioperleidus Su and Li 1983
+
Invalid names: Zhangina Liu 2002 [synonym]
G. †Teffichthys Marramà et al. 2017
Fm. †Platysiagidae Brough 1939
+
G. †Helmolepis Stensiö 1932
Fm. †Polzbergiidae Griffith 1977
+
G. †Felberia Lombardo and Tintori 2004
G. †Stoppania Lombardo et al. 2008
G. †Tripelta Wade 1940
G. †Zeuchthiscus Wade 1940
Invalid names: Cephaloxenidae [empty], Cleiothrolepididae Wade 1935 [empty], Polzbergiiformes Griffith 1977 [synonym]
G. †Placopleurus Brough 1939
+
Placopleurus besanensis Bassani 1886
+
Invalid names: Placopleurus primus Brough 1939 [synonym]
Placopleurus comptus Xu and Zhao 2016
Invalid names: Venusichthys Xu and Zhao 2016 [synonym]
G. †Plesiofuro Su 1993
+
Or. †Pycnodontiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Acrorhinichthys Taverne and Capasso 2015
+
Acrorhinichthys poyatoi Taverne and Capasso 2015
G. †Akromystax Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2005
+
Akromystax tilmachiton Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2005
G. †Arcodonichthys Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
+
Arcodonichthys pasiegae Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
Superfm. †Coccodontoidea Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Coccodontidae Berg 1940
Fm. †Gladiopycnodontidae Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Grimmenodon Stumpf et al. 2017
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Grimmenodon aureum Stumpf et al. 2017
Subor. Gyrodontoidei Nursall 1996
+
Fm. Gyrodontidae Berg 1940
Fm. †Mesturidae Nursall 1996
G. †Gyronchus Agassiz 1839
+
Gyronchus oblongus Agassiz 1839
G. †Paramicrodon Thurmond 1974
+
Paramicrodon estesi Thurmond 1974
G. †Phacodus Dixon 1850
+
Phacodus irregularis Cope 1869
Phacodus punctatus Dixon 1850
+
Invalid names: Phacodus sergipensis Santos and Figueiredo 1988 [synonym]
+
Fm. †Brembodontidae Tintori 1981
G. †Eomesodon Woodward 1918
Fm. †Pycnodontidae Agassiz 1833
G. †Tibetodus
G. †Uranoplosus Sauvage 1879
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Uranoplosus arctatus Cope 1894
Uranoplosus cotteaui Sauvage 1897
Or. †Scanilepiformes Sytchevskaya 1999
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G. †Beishanichthys Xu and Gao 2011
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Beishanichthys brevicaudalis Xu and Gao 2011
Fm. †Evenkiidae Selezneva 1985
+
G. †Evenkia Berg 1941
G. †Oshiaichthys Schultze et al. 2021
+
Invalid names: Oshia Sytchevskaya 1999 [replaced]
G. †Toyemia Minikh 1990
Unr. Teleosteomorpha Arratia et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Aspidorhynchei Nelson et al. 2016
+
Or. †Pachycormiformes Berg 1940
Or. †Aspidorhynchiformes Bleeker 1859
+
Fm. †Aspidorhynchidae Bleeker 1859
G. †Atacamichthys Arratia and Schultze 1987
G. †Pseudovinctifer Arratia 2015
Fm. †Barschichthyidae Arratia and Schultze 2024
+
G. †Barschichthys Arratia and Schultze 2024
Fm. †Marcopoloichthyidae Tintori et al. 2008
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G. †Marcopoloichthys Tintori et al. 2008
Or. †Prohaleciteiformes Arratia 2017
+
Fm. †Prohaleciteidae Arratia 2017
G. †Ruedersdorfia Arratia and Schultze 2024
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Ruedersdorfia berlinensis Arratia and Schultze 2024
Unr. Teleostei Müller 1846
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G. †Acregoliath Richter 1989
G. †Asiatolepis Takai 1943
Fm. †Chongichthyidae Arratia 1982
Or. †Crossognathiformes Taverne 1989
Or. †Dorsetichthyiformes Nelson et al. 2016
Unr. Euteleosteii Greenwood et al. 1967
Or. †Ichthyodectiformes Bardack and Sprinkle 1969
G. †Jinanichthys Ma and Sun 1988
G. †Leucichthyops Cockerell 1919
G. †Longdeichthys Liu 1982
G. †Luisiella
G. †Paralycoptera Chang and Chou 1977
Or. †Pediculati
Unr. †Percomorphacea Wiley and Johnson 2010
G. Teleocephala de Pinna 1996
G. †Teleosteorum Unknown
G. †Todiltia Schaeffer and Patterson 1984
G. †Tonghuaichthys Ma and Sun 1988
Or. †Tselfatiiformes Nelson 1994
G. †Ypsiloichthys El Hossny and Cavin 2023
Invalid names: Amphiuma nordica Brunner 1956 [nomen dubium], Bathyclupeiformes [empty], Catosteomi Boulenger [empty], Malacopteri [empty], Opisthomi [empty], Osteossomorpha [empty], Polymyxiomorpha [empty], Stephanoberyciformes [empty], Xenopterygii [empty]
Invalid names: Venusichthyidae Xu and Zhao 2016 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Pseudohaplolepis Elliott 2018
+
+
G. †Paratarrasius Lund and Melton Jr. 1982
+
Paratarrasius hibbardi Lund and Melton Jr. 1982
Invalid names: Apholidotos Lund 1991 [nomen dubium]
G. †Westlepis Bender 2004
+
Westlepis kempeni Bender 2004
G. †Woodichthys Coates 1998
+
Woodichthys bearsdeni Coates 1998
Invalid names: Docopteri Cope 1877 [empty], Lysopteri Cope 1880 [empty], Mesichthyes Hay 1902 [empty], Phthinobranchii Hay 1902 [empty], Plectospondyli Cope 1872 [empty]
Or. †Aeduelliformes Heyler 1969
+
Fm. †Aeduellidae Romer 1945
+
G. †Aeduella Westoll 1937
+
Aeduella blainvillei Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Amblypterus angustus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus landrioti Sauvage 1891 [synonym], Palaeoniscus lepidurus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Palaeoniscus voltzii Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeothrissum inaequilobum Blainville 1818 [synonym], Palaeothrissum parvum Blainville 1818 [synonym]
G. †Bourbonnella Heyler 1967
+
Bourbonnella fourrieri Poplin 2001
Bourbonnella guilloti Heyler 1967
Bourbonnella hirsuta Štamberg 2007
Bourbonnella jocelynae Mickle 2011
Bourbonnella sottyi Anonymous 1972
G. †Neslovicella Štamberg 2007
+
Neslovicella elongata Štamberg 2010
Neslovicella rzehaki Štamberg 2007
G. †Platysella Heyler and Poplin 1983
+
Platysella descusi Heyler and Poplin 1983
Platysella lallyi Heyler and Poplin 1983
Platysella poplinae Heyler 2002
G. †Puertollanichthys Forey and Young 1985
+
Puertollanichthys ritchiei Forey and Young 1985
G. †Shafeevus Yankevich 1998
+
Shafeevus sulcatus Yankevich 1998
G. †Spinarichthys Štamberg 1986
+
Spinarichthys dispersus Fritsch 1895
Fm. †Aesopichthyidae Poplin and Lund 2000
+
G. †Aesopichthys Poplin and Lund 2000
+
Aesopichthys erinaceus Poplin and Lund 2000
G. †Proceramala Poplin and Lund 2000
+
Proceramala montanensis Poplin and Lund 2000
Subor. †Aetheospondyli Woodward 1895
+
Fm. Lepisosteidae Cuvier 1825
+
G. †Opsigonus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
+
Opsigonus megaluriformis Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
Opsigonus squamosus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
G. †Paralepidosteus Arambourg and Joleaud 1943
+
Paralepidosteus africanus Arambourg and Joleaud 1943
G. †Aetheretmon White 1927
+
G. †Aethocephalichthys Fielitz et al. 1999
+
Aethocephalichthys hyainarhinos Fielitz et al. 1999
G. †Akanolepis Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981
+
Akanolepis allae Minich 1998
Akanolepis decernans Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
G. †Ameghinichthys Arratia et al. 2004
+
Ameghinichthys antarticus Arratia et al. 2004
G. †Anapterus Sauvage 1873
+
Anapterus elongatus Sauvage 1870
Anapterus megistosoma Sauvage 1870
Anapterus siculus Sauvage 1873
G. †Aneurolepis White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
Aneurolepis macroptera Bellotti 1857
+
Invalid names: Urolepis elongatus Bellotti 1857 [synonym], Urolepis microlepidota Bellotti 1857 [synonym]
Invalid names: Urolepis Bellotti 1857 [replaced]
Or. †Asarotiformes Schaeffer 1968
+
Fm. †Asarotidae Schaeffer 1968
+
G. †Asarotus Schaeffer 1968
+
Asarotus arcanus Schaeffer 1968
G. †Atkinsonella Jordan and Gilbert 1920
+
Atkinsonella strigilis Jordan and Gilbert 1920
G. †Australichthys Gardiner 1969
+
G. †Avamia Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Avamia malovetskajae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Avonichthys Wilson et al. 2018
+
Avonichthys manskyi Wilson et al. 2018
G. †Baoqingichthys Wang et al. 2007
+
Baoqingichthys microdontus Wang et al. 2007
G. †Beagiascus Mickle et al. 2009
+
Beagiascus pulcherrimus Mickle et al. 2009
G. †Bishofia Kazantseva 1968
+
Bishofia lucida Kazantseva 1968
G. †Bluefieldius Mickle 2018
+
Bluefieldius mercerensis Mickle 2018
G. †Burguklia Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Burguklia gdali Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Burguklia minichorum Bakaev and Kogan 2020
Fm. †Charleuxiidae Heyler 2000
+
G. †Charleuxia Heyler 1969
+
Charleuxia autunensis Heyler 1967
Fm. †Chichiidae Liu and Wang 1978
+
G. †Chichia Liu and Wang 1978
+
Chichia gracilis Liu and Wang 1978
G. †Chirothrix Zittel 1888
+
Chirothrix lewisi Davis 1887
Cl. Cladistia Cope 1870
+
+
G. †Pollia Meunier and Gayet 1996
Fm. Polypteridae [bichir]
+
G. †Bawitius Grandstaff et al. 2012
+
Bawitius bartheli Schaal 1984
G. †Dajetella Gayet and Meuniere 1992
+
Dajetella sudamericana Gayet and Meuniere 1992
G. Polypterus Lacépède 1803 [bichir]
+
Polypterus bichir St Hilaire 1802 [Nile bichir]
Polypterus faraou Otero et al. 2006
G. †Serenoichthys Dutheil 1999
+
Serenoichthys kemkemensis Dutheil 1999
Invalid names: Calamoichthyidae [empty]
G. †Cuneognathus Friedman and Blom 2006
+
Cuneognathus gardineri Friedman and Blom 2006
G. †Diplospondichthys Filleul and Dutheil 2004
+
Diplospondichthys moreaui Filleul and Dutheil 2004
Fm. †Discordichthyidae Minikh 1998
+
G. †Discordichthys Minich 1998
+
Discordichthys spinifer Minich 1998
G. †Geryonichthys Minikh 1998
+
Geryonichthys burchardi Minich 1998
Geryonichthys longus Minich 1998
G. †Mamulichthys Minikh 2014
+
Mamulichthys ignotus Minikh 2014
G. †Mutovinia Minikh 1992
+
Mutovinia sennikovi Minikh 2006
Mutovinia stella Minich 1992
G. †Echidnocephalus von der Marck 1858
+
Echidnocephalus tenuicaudus von der Marck 1858
Echidnocephalus troscheli von der Marck 1858
G. Engraulis Cuvier 1817
+
Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus 1758
Engraulis mordax Girard 1845
Subor. †Eurekichthyoidei Lowney 1980
+
Invalid names: Eurekichthyidae Lowney 1980 [invalid subgroup]
Or. †Eurynotiformes Sallan and Coates 2013
+
Fm. †Amphicentridae Young 1866
+
G. †Adroichthys Gardiner 1969
+
Adroichthys tuberculatus Gardiner 1969
G. †Cheirodopsis Traquair 1881
+
Cheirodopsis geikiei Traquair 1881
G. †Chirodus M'Coy 1848
+
Chirodus acutus Newberry 1856
Invalid names: Amphicentrum Young 1866 [synonym], Chirodus pesranae M'Coy 1848 [nomen nudum]
G. †Eurynothus Agassiz 1843
G. †Proteurynotus Moy-Thomas and Bradley Dyne 1938
+
Proteurynotus traquairi Moy-Thomas and Bradley Dyne 1938
G. †Tompoichthys Obruchev 1964
+
Tompoichthys abramovi Obruchev 1964
Fm. †Styracopteridae Moy-Thomas 1937
+
G. †Benedenius Traquair 1877
+
Benedenius deneensis van Beneden 1871
Benedenius soreili Fraipont 1890
Invalid names: Benedenius deneensis van Beneden 1871 [valid], Benedenius soreili Fraipont 1890 [valid]
G. †Benedenius Traquair 1877
+
Benedenius deneensis van Beneden 1871
Benedenius soreili Fraipont 1890
Invalid names: Benedenius deneensis van Beneden 1871 [valid], Benedenius soreili Fraipont 1890 [valid]
G. †Fouldenia White 1927
+
Fouldenia ischiptera Traquair 1881
Fouldenia striatulus Schultze et al. 2021
G. †Styracopterus Traquair 1890
+
Styracopterus fulcratus Traquair 1881
G. †Eurypoma Huxley 1866
G. †Exocoetoides Davis 1887
+
Exocoetoides minor Davis 1887
Exocoetoides tenuis Davis 1887
Or. †Fubarichthyiformes Lowney 1980
+
Invalid names: Fubarichthyidae Lowney 1980 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Guaymayenia Rusconi 1887
+
Guaymayenia paramillensis Rusconi 1946
Or. †Guildayichthyiformes Lund 2000
+
Fm. †Guildayichthyidae Lund 2000
+
G. †Discoserra Lund 2000
+
Discoserra pectinodon Lund 2000
G. †Guildayichthys Lund 2000
+
G. †Guntherichthys Mickle 2011
+
Guntherichthys lehiensis Mickle 2011
Fm. †Gyrolepidotidae Gardiner 1967
+
G. †Gyrolepidotus Rohon 1899
+
Gyrolepidotus schmidti Rohon 1899
G. †Histiothrissa Woodward 1901
+
Histiothrissa macrodactyla von der Marck 1858
G. †Holuropsis Berg 1947
+
Holuropsis yavorskyi Berg 1947
Or. †Isospondyli Cope 1887
+
+
G. †Oeonoscopus Costa 1864
+
Oeonoscopus elongatus Eastman 1911
Oeonoscopus petraroiae Costa 1864
G. †Oligopleurus Thiollière 1850
G. †Proballostomus Cope 1891
+
+
Fm. †Cyclolepidae David 1946
+
G. †Cyclolepoides David 1946
+
Invalid names: Aplochitonidae [empty], Microstomidae [empty], Thymallidae [empty]
Invalid names: Notopteroidei [empty], Pholidophoroidei [empty], Sauropsidae Cope 1877 [empty], Scyphophori [empty], Stomiatioidei [empty]
G. †Kalops Poplin and Lund 2002
+
Kalops diophrys Poplin and Lund 2002
Kalops monophrys Poplin and Lund 2002
G. †Kansasiella Poplin 1974
+
Kansasiella eatoni Poplin 1974
Fm. †Kenderlichthyidae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
+
G. †Kenderlichthys Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
+
Kenderlichthys paluster Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Kenderlichthys tuberculatus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
G. †Kutaichthys Esin and Bakaev 2022
+
Kutaichthys dozmerensis Esin and Bakaev 2022
Kutaichthys gubini Esin and Bakaev 2022
G. †Lineagruan Mickle et al. 2009
+
Lineagruan judithi Mickle et al. 2009
Lineagruan snowyi Mickle et al. 2009
G. Mallotus Cuvier 1829
+
Mallotus villosus Muller 1776
G. †Meemannia Zhu et al. 2006
+
Meemannia eos Zhu et al. 2006
G. †Meisenheimichthys Poschmann and Schindler 2004
+
Meisenheimichthys breitenheimensis Poschmann and Schindler 2004
Meisenheimichthys glanensis Schindler 2006
Meisenheimichthys palatinus Poschmann and Schindler 2004
+
Invalid names: Elonichthys palatinus Schindler 1993 [replaced]
G. †Ministrella Matveeva 1958
+
Ministrella longicauda Matveeva 1958
Fm. †Moythomasiidae Kazantseva 1971
+
G. †Krasnoyarichthys Prokofiev 2002
+
Krasnoyarichthys jesseni Prokofiev 2002
G. †Neuburgichthys Schultze et al. 2021
+
Neuburgichthys mariae Schultze et al. 2021
G. †Nozamichthys Schultze and Bardack 1987
+
Nozamichthys contorta Schultze and Bardack 1987
G. †Opistopteryx Pictet and Humbert 1866
+
Opistopteryx curtus Davis 1887
Opistopteryx gracilis Pictet 1850
G. †Oxypteriscus Matveeva 1958
+
Oxypteriscus minimus Matveeva 1958
G. †Pachylebias Woodward 1901
+
Invalid names: Aelia Costa 1860 [replaced]
G. †Palaeobergia Berg 1958
+
Or. †Palaeonisciformes Hay 1902
+
G. †Agecephalichthys Wade 1935
G. †Amblypterina Berg 1940
+
Amblypterina costata Eichwald 1860
G. †Arratiaichthys Richter and Breitkreuz 1997
+
Arratiaichthys chilensis Richter and Breitkreuz 1997
Fm. †Atherstoniidae Gardiner
+
G. †Atherstonia Woodward 1889
+
Atherstonia australis Woodward 1902
Atherstonia colcanapi Priem 1924
Atherstonia minor Woodward 1893
Atherstonia razumovskyi Chabakov 1927
Atherstonia scutata Woodward 1889
Invalid names: Broometta Chabakov 1927 [synonym]
G. †Blanzychthys Heyler and Poplin 1994
+
Blanzychthys prorobisoni Heyler and Poplin 1994
Fm. †Boreolepidae Aldinger 1937
+
G. †Boreolepis Aldinger 1937
+
Boreolepis jenseni Aldinger 1937
Boreolepis tataricus Esin 1996
G. †Brachypareion Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Brachypareion insperatum Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Fm. †Brazilichthyidae Cox and Hutchinson 1991
+
G. †Brazilichthys Cox and Hutchinson 1991
+
Brazilichthys macrognathus Cox and Hutchinson 1991
G. †Browneichthys Woodward 1889
G. †Caelatichthys Lombardo 2002
+
Caelatichthys meridensis Lombardo 2002
Caelatichthys nitens Lombardo 2002
Fm. †Canobiidae
+
G. †Schaefferius Akbulut 2012
+
Schaefferius moutai Teixeira 1947
+
Invalid names: Elonichthys angolensis Teixeira 1947 [synonym]
Invalid names: Marquesia Schaeffer 1990 [replaced]
G. †Sundayichthys Gardiner 1969
+
Sundayichthys elegantulus Gardiner 1969
G. †Whiteichthys Moy-Thomas 1942
+
Whiteichthys greenlandicus Moy-Thomas 1942
G. †Cornuboniscus White 1939
+
Cornuboniscus budensis White 1939
G. †Cosmolepis Egerton 1858
Fm. †Cosmoptychiidae Gardiner 1963
+
G. †Cosmoptychius Traquair 1877
+
Cosmoptychius striatus Agassiz 1835
G. †Grassator Kazantseva 1968
+
Grassator bidens Kazantseva 1968
G. †Daedalichthys Brough 1931
+
Daedalichthys higginsi Warren 1936
G. †Daqingshaniscus Chen 1988
+
G. †Decazella Heyler 1967
+
Decazella vetteri Heyler 1964
G. †Dialipina Schultze 1968
+
Dialipina markae Schultze 1992
Dialipina salgueiroensis Schultze 1968
G. †Dorsolepis Sepkoski 2002
+
Dorsolepis virgatus Jörg 1969
Subor. †Dorypteroidei
+
Fm. †Dorypteridae Fitzinger 1873
+
G. †Dorypterus Germar 1842
+
Dorypterus althausi Munster 1842
Dorypterus hoffmanni Germar 1842
+
Invalid names: Platysomus althausii Münster 1842 [synonym]
G. †Drydenius Traquair 1890
+
Drydenius insignis Traquair 1890
Drydenius molyneuxi Traquair 1888
Invalid names: Microconodus Traquair 1877 [synonym]
Fm. †Dwykiidae Gardiner 1969
+
G. †Dwykia Gardiner 1969
+
Dwykia analensis Gardiner 1969
G. †Fukangichthys Su 1978
+
G. †Gyrolepidoides Cabrera 1944
Fm. †Holuridae Moy-Thomas 1939
+
G. †Disichthys Broom 1913
+
G. †Peleichthys Broom 1913
+
G. †Huanghelepis Lu 2002
+
Huanghelepis pani Lu 2002
G. †Igornella Heyer 1969
+
Igornella comblei Heyler 1969
Igornella montcellensis Heyler and Poplin 1994
Fm. †Igornichthyidae Heyler 1977
+
G. †Commentrya Sauvage 1888
+
Commentrya barroisi Waterlot 1934
Commentrya traquairi Sauvage 1888
G. †Igornichthys Heyler 1977
+
Igornichthys bohemicus Štamberg 2016
Igornichthys doubingeri Heyler 1977
G. †Setlikia Štamberg and Zajíc 1994
+
Setlikia bohemica Štamberg and Zajíc 1994
G. †Illiniichthys Schultze and Bardack 1987
+
Illiniichthys cozarti Schultze and Bardack 1987
G. †Kentuckia Rayner 1951
+
Kentuckia deani Eastman 1908
Kentuckia hlavini Dunkle 1964
G. †Korutichthys Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Korutichthys korutensis Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Letovichthys Štamberg 2007
+
Letovichthys multidentatus Štamberg 2007
Letovichthys tuberculatus Štamberg 2007
G. †Luederia Schaeffer and Dalquest 1978
+
Luederia kempi Schaeffer and Dalquest 1978
G. †Mansfieldiscus Long 1988
+
Mansfieldiscus gibbus Woodward 1906
Mansfieldiscus sweeti Woodward 1906
Invalid names: Cosmolepides M'Coy 1890 [synonym]
G. †Neuburgella Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981
+
Neuburgella cognominis Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981
G. †Orvikuina Gross 1953
+
Orvikuina vardiaensis Gross 1953
G. †Osorioichthys Casier 1954
+
Osorioichthys marginis Casier 1952
Subor. †Palaeoniscoidei
+
+
G. †Lawnia Wilson 1953
+
Lawnia taylorensis Wilson 1953
G. †Tchekardichthys Prokofiev 2005
+
Tchekardichthys sharovi Prokofiev 2005
G. †Tholonosteon Beltan 1977
+
Fm. †Birgeriidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Birgeria Stensiö 1919
+
Birgeria acuminata Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Saurichthys listroconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym], Saurichthys longiconus Plieninger 1844 [synonym]
Birgeria aldingeri Romano et al. 2017
Birgeria americana Romano et al. 2017
Birgeria costata Münster 1839
Birgeria groenlandica Stensiö 1932
Birgeria groenlandica Stensiö 1932
Birgeria guizhouensis Liu et al. 2006
Birgeria liui Jin 2001
Birgeria mougeoti Agassiz 1843
Birgeria nielseni Lehman 1948
Birgeria stensioei Aldinger 1931
Birgeria velox Jordan 1907
Invalid names: Severnichthys Storrs 1994 [nomen dubium], Xenesthes Jordan 1907 [replaced]
Fm. †Dicellopygidae Romer 1945
+
G. †Brachydegma Dunkle 1939
+
Brachydegma caelatum Dunkle 1939
G. †Lawrenciella Poplin 1984
+
Lawrenciella schaefferi Poplin 1984
G. †Muensterichthys Schaumberg 1989
+
Muensterichthys buergeri Schaumberg 1989
Fm. †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852
+
G. †Alvinichthys Esin 1995
+
Alvinichthys curtus Krotov 1904
G. †Ambodipia Beltan 1968
+
G. †Apateolepis Woodward 1890
+
Apateolepis australis Woodward 1890
G. †Canobius Traquair 1881
+
Canobius elegantulus Traquair 1881
Canobius ramsayi Traquair 1881
G. †Carboveles White 1927
G. †Cryphiolepis Traquair 1881
+
Cryphiolepis striatus Traquair 1881
G. †Cycloptychius Young 1866
+
Cycloptychius bidens Matveeva 1958
Cycloptychius concentricus Traquair 1881
Cycloptychius loocki Evans 2005
G. †Dicellopyge Brough 1931
+
+
Invalid names: Helichthys draperi Smith-Woodward 1893 [synonym]
Dicellopyge macrodentata Brough 1931
+
Invalid names: Helichthys tenuis Broom 1913 [synonym]
G. †Ferganiscus Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
+
Ferganiscus osteolepis Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
G. †Ganolepis Woodward 1893
+
Ganolepis gracilis Woodward 1893
G. †Gonatodus Traquair 1877
+
Gonatodus brainerdi Thomas 1853
Gonatodus punctatus Agassiz 1835
Gonatodus toilliezi Koninck 1878
G. †Grygorichthys Esin 1990
+
Grygorichthys murchisoni Fischer von Waldheim 1842
G. †Guizhouniscus Liu 2003
+
G. †Gyrolepis Agassiz 1833
+
Gyrolepis albertii Agassiz 1834
+
Invalid names: Gyrolepis maximus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Gyrolepis tenuistriatus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Gyrolepis biplicatus Münster 1841
Gyrolepis giganteus Agassiz 1835
Gyrolepis ornatus Giebel 1848
Gyrolepis quenstedti Dames 1888
Gyrolepis rankinii Agassiz 1844
G. †Holurus Traquair 1881
+
Holurus fulcratus Traquair 1881
Holurus parki Traquair 1881
G. †Koinichthys Esin 1996
+
Koinichthys ivachenkoi Nurgaliev et al. 2015
G. †Myriolepis Egerton 1864
+
Myriolepis clarkei Egerton 1864
Myriolepis hibernica Traquair 1893
Myriolepis latus Woodward 1890
G. †Nematoptychius Traquair 1875
+
Nematoptychius greenocki Traquair 1866
G. †Oxygnathus Egerton 1854
+
Oxygnathus browni Broom 1913
Oxygnathus egertoni Egerton 1858
Oxygnathus ornatus Egerton 1854
+
Invalid names: Thrissonotus colei Agassiz 1843 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pteroniscus Berg 1949 [nomen nudum]
G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818
+
Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864
Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885
Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829
Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880
Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900
Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868
Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877
Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835
Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871
Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862
Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833
Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857
Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864 [valid], Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998 [valid], Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885 [valid], Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829 [valid], Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880 [valid], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900 [valid], Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868 [valid], Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877 [valid], Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871 [valid], Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862 [valid], Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833 [valid], Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857 [valid], Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841 [valid], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818
+
Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864
Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885
Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829
Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880
Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900
Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886
Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868
Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877
Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835
Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871
Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862
Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833
Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857
Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864 [valid], Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913 [valid], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998 [valid], Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885 [valid], Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829 [valid], Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880 [valid], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900 [valid], Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886 [valid], Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868 [valid], Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877 [valid], Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871 [valid], Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [valid], Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862 [valid], Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833 [valid], Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857 [valid], Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841 [valid], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Paraeurynotus Obruschev 1962
+
Paraeurynotus chabakovi Obruschev 1962
G. †Rhadinoniscus White 1937
+
Rhadinoniscus wrighti White 1937
G. †Sixtelia Sytchevskaya 1999
+
Sixtelia asiatica Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Strepheoschema White 1927
+
G. †Suchonichthys Minikh 2001
+
Suchonichthys molini Minikh 2001
G. †Tegeolepis Miller 1892
+
Tegeolepis clarki Newberry 1888
Tegeolepis clarkii Newberry 1888
Invalid names: Actinophorus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
G. †Trachelacanthus Fisher von Waldheim 1850
+
Trachelacanthus stschurovskii Fisher von Waldheim 1850
G. †Turfania Liu and Ma 1973
+
Turfania taoshuyuanensis Liu and Ma 1973
Turfania vartus Wang 1979
G. †Turseodus Leidy 1857
+
Turseodus acutus Leidy 1857
Turseodus dolorensis Schaeffer 1967
G. †Wayaobulepis Su 1999
+
Invalid names: Isodus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Isodus leptognathus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Semionotus brodei Newton 1887 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Pygopteridae Aldinger 1937
+
G. †Briveichthys Štamberg and Steyer 2021
+
Briveichthys chantepieorum Štamberg and Steyer 2021
G. †Itararichthys Beltan 1977
+
G. †Pygopterus Agassiz 1833
+
Pygopterus bonnardi Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus concavus Henry 1876
Pygopterus crecelii Wilser 1923
Pygopterus degeeri Stensiö 1921
Pygopterus gleerupi Aldinger 1937
Pygopterus greenockii Agassiz 1843
Pygopterus humboldti Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Pygopterus mandibularis Agassiz 1839 [synonym]
Pygopterus jamesoni Agassiz 1843
Pygopterus latus Egerton 1850
Pygopterus lucius Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus nielseni Aldinger 1937
Pygopterus scoticus Agassiz 1833
Pygopterus sculptus Agassiz 1843
G. †Zaborichthys Štamberg 1989
+
Zaborichthys fragmentalis Štamberg 1989
+
G. †Grandfieldia Daly 1973
+
Fm. †Rhadinichthyidae Romer 1945
+
G. †Akanichthys Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Akanichthys minusculus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Akanichthys shevtshenkoi Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Cyranorhis Lund and Poplin 1997
+
Cyranorhis bergeraci Lund and Poplin 1997
G. †Eurylepidoides Case 1935
+
G. †Mentzichthys Jubb 1965
+
Mentzichthys jubbi Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys maraisi Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys theroni Gardiner 1969
Mentzichthys walshi Jubb 1965
G. †Pteronisculus White 1933
+
Pteronisculus aldingeri Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus arambourgi Lehman 1952
Pteronisculus arcticus Schultze et al. 2021
+
Invalid names: Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym], Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym]
Pteronisculus broughi Lehman 1952
Pteronisculus changae Ren and Xu 2021
Pteronisculus gunnari Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus laetus Gardiner 1966
Pteronisculus magna Nielsen 1942
Pteronisculus meiringi Gardiner and Jubb 1975
Pteronisculus nevadanus Romano et al. 2019
Pteronisculus nielseni Xu et al. 2014
Pteronisculus stensioi Nielsen 1942
Invalid names: Glaucolepis Stensiö 1921 [replaced]
G. †Rhadinichthys Traquair 1877
+
Rhadinichthys alberti Jackson 1851
+
Invalid names: Canobius modulus Dawson 1877 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys angustulus Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys argentinicus Tornquist 1904
Rhadinichthys brevis Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys cairnsii Jackson 1851
Rhadinichthys canobiensis Traquair 1909
+
Invalid names: Rhadinichthys delicatulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys elegantulus Traquair 1881 [synonym], Rhadinichthys geikiei Traquair 1881 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys carinatus Agassiz 1835
+
Invalid names: Rhadinichthys tenuicauda Traquair 1877 [synonym]
Rhadinichthys ferox Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys flexuosus Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Rhadinichthys formosus Traquair 1904
Rhadinichthys glabrolepis Elliott 2018
Rhadinichthys gracilis Newberry and Worthen 1870
Rhadinichthys grossarti Traquair 1878
Rhadinichthys hancocki Atthey 1875
Rhadinichthys hibernicus Traquair 1914
Rhadinichthys laevis Traquair 1911
Rhadinichthys lerichei Pruvost 1919
Rhadinichthys lineatus Newberry 1856
Rhadinichthys macconochii Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys macconochii Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys macrodon Traquair 1877
Rhadinichthys monensis Egerton 1850
Rhadinichthys plumosum Elliott 2018
Rhadinichthys renieri Pruvost 1919
Rhadinichthys rioniger Beltan 1977
Rhadinichthys tuberculatus Traquair 1881
Rhadinichthys wardi Ward 1875
Invalid names: Rhadinichthys athertonensis Lowney 1980 [nomen nudum], Rhadinichthys vagus Lowney 1980 [nomen nudum]
G. †Wendyichthys Lund and Poplin 1997
+
Wendyichthys dicksoni Lund and Poplin 1997
Wendyichthys lautreci Lund and Poplin 1997
G. †Zhejiangichthys Wang et al. 2007
+
Zhejiangichthys zhaoi Wang et al. 2007
G. †Palaeothrissum de Blainville 1818
G. †Paradrydenius Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Paradrydenius tinterisi Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Paragonatodus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
Paragonatodus magnificus Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Fm. †Phanerorhynchidae Stensiö 1932
+
G. †Phanerorhynchus Gill 1923
+
Subor. †Platysomoidei Aldinger 1937
+
+
G. †Aestuarichthys Gardiner 1969
+
Aestuarichthys fulcratus Gardiner 1969
+
Invalid names: Soetendalichthys cromptoni Gardiner 1969 [synonym]
G. †Caruichthys Broom 1913
+
Caruichthys ornatus Broom 1913
G. †Ecrinesomus Woodward 1910
+
Ecrinesomus dixoni Woodward 1910
G. †Enzichthys Selezneva 1988
+
Enzichthys aizenvergi Selezneva 1988
G. †Eurynotus Agassiz 1835
+
Eurynotus tenuiceps Agassiz 1835
G. †Eurysomus Young 1866
+
Eurysomus macrurus Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Platysomus fuldai Münster 1842 [synonym]
G. †Kargalichthys Minikh 1986
+
Kargalichthys efremovi Minikh 1986
+
Invalid names: Wardichthys inobilis Esin 1993 [synonym]
G. †Mesolepis Young 1866
+
Mesolepis microptera Traquair 1879
Mesolepis pustulosa Pruvost 1919
Mesolepis scalaris Young 1866
Mesolepis wardi Young 1866
G. †Ningxiaplatysomus Tan et al. 2015
+
Ningxiaplatysomus parvus Tan et al. 2015
G. †Paramesolepis Moy-Thomas and Dyne 1938
+
Paramesolepis rhomba Traquair 1890
Paramesolepis tuberculata Moy-Thomas and Bradley Dyne 1938
G. †Paranaichthys Dias 2012
+
G. †Platysomus Agassiz 1833
+
Platysomus bashkirus Minikh 1992
Platysomus biarmicus Von Eichwald 1861
Platysomus brewsteri Warren 1936
Platysomus circularis Newberry and Worthen 1870
+
Invalid names: Platysomus lacovianus Cope 1891 [synonym]
Platysomus gibbosus Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Platysomus rhombus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Stromateus angulatus Germar 1824 [synonym]
Platysomus intermedius Münster 1842
Platysomus macrurus Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Lekanichthys howsei Brough 1934 [synonym], Uropteryx undulatus Agassiz 1843 [synonym]
Platysomus nathorsti Stensiö 1921
Platysomus palmaris Cope 1891
Platysomus parvulus Williamson 1849
Platysomus schultzei Zidek 1992
Platysomus solikamskensis Yankevich and Minikh 1998
Platysomus soloduchi Minikh 1992
Platysomus striatus Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Platysomus parvus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
Platysomus superbus Traquair 1881
Platysomus swaffordae Mickle and Bader 2009
Invalid names: Platysomus forsteri Hancock and Atthey 1872 [nomen dubium], Platysomus palaeoniscus Stainier 1892 [nomen dubium], Platysomus rotundus Hancock and Atthey 1872 [nomen dubium], Platysomus tenuistriatus Traquair 1879 [nomen dubium], Schaefferichthys Dalquest 1966 [synonym], Schaefferichthys leudersensis Dalquest 1966 [nomen vanum]
G. †Sinoplatysomus Wei 1977
+
G. †Soetendalichthys Gardiner 1969
G. †Ufalepis Minikh 1998
+
Ufalepis magnificus Minikh and Minikh 1998
G. †Wardichthys Traquair 1875
+
Wardichthys cyclosoma Traquair 1875
G. †Plesiococcolepis Wang 1977
G. †Psilichthys Hall 1900
Subor. †Redfieldioidei Berg 1955
+
Fm. †Redfieldiidae Hutchinson 1973
+
G. †Brookvalia Wade 1933
+
Invalid names: Beaconia Wade 1935 [synonym], Dictyopleurichthys Wade 1935 [synonym]
G. †Cionichthys Schaeffer 1967
+
Cionichthys dunklei Schaeffer 1967
Cionichthys greeni Schaeffer 1967
G. †Dictyopyge Egerton 1847
+
Dictyopyge formosa Broom 1913
Dictyopyge illustrans Woodward 1890
Dictyopyge macrurus Redfield 1841
Dictyopyge meekeri Schaeffer and McDonald 1978
Dictyopyge robusta Woodward 1890
Dictyopyge symmetrica Woodward 1890
G. †Helichthys Broom 1913
+
Helichthys browni Broom 1913
Helichthys loangwae Range 1928
G. †Lasalichthys Schaeffer 1967
+
Lasalichthys hillsi Schaeffer 1967
Lasalichthys stewarti Gibson 2018
+
Invalid names: Synorichthys stewarti Schaeffer 1967 [replaced]
G. †Mauritanichthys Martin 1980
+
Mauritanichthys rugosus Martin 1980
G. †Redfieldius Hay 1899
+
Redfieldius anguilliformis Redfield 1841
Redfieldius gracilis Redfield 1837
+
Invalid names: Redfieldius parvulus Redfield 1841 [synonym]
Redfieldius minor Newberry 1888
Redfieldius obrai Bock 1959
Redfieldius ornatus Newberry 1888
Redfieldius redfieldi Egerton 1847
Invalid names: Catopterus Redfield 1837 [replaced]
G. †Synorichthys Schaeffer 1967
G. †Rhabdolepis Troschel 1857
+
Rhabdolepis saarbrueckensis Gardiner 1963
G. †Sakamenichthys Lehman et al. 1959
+
Sakamenichthys germaini Lehman et al. 1959
Fm. †Scanilepididae Aldinger 1937
+
G. †Scanilepis Aldinger 1937
Fm. †Sceletophoridae Štamberg 2006
+
G. †Sceletophorus Fritsch 1894
+
Sceletophorus biserialis Fritsch 1895
+
Invalid names: Phanerosteon pauper Fritsch 1894 [synonym]
Sceletophorus verrucosus Fritsch 1895
G. †Songanella Saint-Seine and Casier 1962
G. †Tanaocrossus Schaeffer 1967
+
Tanaocrossus kalliokoskii Schaeffer 1967
G. †Tienshaniscus Liu and Wang 1978
+
Tienshaniscus longipterus Liu and Wang 1978
Fm. †Trissolepidae Štamberg 2013
+
G. †Sphaerolepis Frič 1877
+
Sphaerolepis arctata Cope 1877
+
Invalid names: Trissolepis kounoviensis Fritsch 1893 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Trissolepis Fritsch 1893 [objective synonym]
G. †Urosthenes Dana 1848
+
Urosthenes australis Dana 1848
Urosthenes latus Woodward 1931
G. †Westollia White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
Westollia crassus Pohlig 1892
G. †Zaxilepis Su 1994
G. †Zhongweilepis Tan 2017
+
Invalid names: Bobasatraniiformes [synonym], Coccolepidae Berg 1940 [empty], Palaeoniscida [synonym]
+
G. †Tanypterichthys Weems and Windolph 1986
+
Tanypterichthys pridensis Weems and Windolph 1986
Or. †Paramblypteriformes Heyler 1969
+
G. †Amblypterus Agassiz 1833
+
Amblypterus agassizii Munster 1835
Amblypterus arcuatus Egerton 1850
Amblypterus baylei Sauvage 1890
Amblypterus beaumonti Egerton 1850
Amblypterus berthieri Sauvage 1893
Amblypterus bibractensis Sauvage 1893
Amblypterus caudatus Heckel and Kner 1861
Amblypterus decorus Egerton 1850
Amblypterus eupterygius Agassiz 1833
Amblypterus kashmiriensis Woodward and Seward 1905
Amblypterus lateralis Agassiz 1833
Amblypterus magnus Sauvage 1890
Amblypterus obliquus Heckel and Kner 1861
Amblypterus orientalis Eichwald 1860
Amblypterus ornatus Emmons 1857
Amblypterus stewarti Romer 1942
Amblypterus symmetricus Woodward 1905
Amblypterus tenuicauda Troschel 1851
Amblypterus traquairi Woodward 1891
Invalid names: Amblypterus latus Agassiz 1833 [nomen dubium], Archaeoniscus Sauvage 1890 [synonym]
G. †Paramblypterus Blot 1966
+
Amblypterus rohani Heckel and Kner 1861
+
Invalid names: Amblypterus luridus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus caudatus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus luridus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus obliquus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym]
Paramblypterus comblei Heyler 1969
Paramblypterus decorus Egerton 1850
Paramblypterus duvernoyi Agassiz 1833
Paramblypterus gaudryi Sauvage 1890
+
Invalid names: Archaeoniscus rochei Sauvage 1890 [synonym]
Paramblypterus gelberti Goldfuss 1847
Paramblypterus kablikae Geinitz 1860
+
Invalid names: Platysomus pygmaeus Frič 1912 [synonym]
Paramblypterus reussi Heckel and Kner 1861
Paramblypterus zeidleri Fritsch 1895
Invalid names: Chalkichthys Fritsch 1894 [synonym], Cosmopoma Sauvage 1890 [synonym]
Subor. †Phanerosteonoidei Lowney 1980
+
Invalid names: Phanerosteonidae Lowney 1980 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Phoebeannaia Caron et al. 2023
+
Phoebeannaia mossae Caron et al. 2023
G. †Piratata Richter 2022
+
Piratata rogersmithii Richter 2022
G. Protaulopsis Woodward 1901
+
Protaulopsis bolcensis Woodward 1901
G. †Pseudoberyx Pictet and Humbert 1866
+
Pseudoberyx bottae Pictet and Humbert 1866
Pseudoberyx grandis Davis 1887
Pseudoberyx syriacus Pictet and Humbert 1866
G. †Rhynchorhinus Woodward 1901
+
Rhynchorhinus branchialis Woodward 1901
Rhynchorhinus major Woodward 1901
G. †Roslerichthys Hamel 2005
+
G. Salmo Linnaeus 1758 [salmon]
+
Salmo muelleri Gmelin 1789 [Mueller's pearlside]
G. †Schizospondylus Bayer 1905
+
G. †Spinofacia Mickle 2011
+
Spinofacia pectinatus Mickle 2011
G. †Stegotrachelus Woodward and White 1926
+
Stegotrachelus finlayi Woodward and White 1926
G. †Tanyrhinichthys Gottfried 1987
+
Tanyrhinichthys mcallisteri Gottfried 1987
+
G. †Tarrasius Traquair 1881
+
Tarrasius problematicus Traquair 1881
G. †Terenolepis Burrow 1995
+
Terenolepis turnerae Burrow 1995
G. †Tetragonopterus Cuvier 1817
+
Tetragonopterus lignitcus Woodward 1898
G. †Thryptodus Loomis 1900
+
+
G. Phthanophaneron Johnson and Rosenblatt 1998
G. †Uranichthys Minikh 2009
+
Uranichthys pretoriensis Minikh 2009
G. †Yaomoshania Poplin et al. 1991
+
Yaomoshania minutosquama Poplin et al. 1991
Invalid names: Bobastraniiformes [empty], Cenechoia paramillensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cenechoia sulcata Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Eurynotus uspallatensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Gyrolepidoides cuyanus Cabrera 1944 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus pectoralis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus trotti Balsamo-Crivelli 1839 [nomen dubium], Neochallaia leonensis Rusconi 1952 [nomen dubium], Ophiopsis lariensis de Alessandri 1910 [nomen dubium], Palaeonisci [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscimorpha Lund et al. 1995 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidae Rohon 1890 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidea [invalid subgroup], Pholidophorus dentatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus lepturus Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus rueppelli Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus vallejensis Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Polypteri [empty], Protospondyli Woodward 1895 [empty], Semionotus brevis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus dubius Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus inornatus Henry 1876 [nomen dubium], Semionotus mendozaensis Geinitz 1885 [nomen dubium], Semionotus unicristatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Semionotus vallejensis Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wenlock to the top of the Holocene or 433.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 427.4 Ma

Collections (5563 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (Wisconsin) Howella sp. (13001 13002)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Russian Federation (Koltenyi Island) Dialipina markae (232965)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Russian Federation (Siberia) Dialipina markae (232966)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8China (Yunnan) Meemannia eos (162781 225580)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.2 - 407.6Australia (New South Wales) Terenolepis turnerae (200262)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3USA (Alaska) Actinopterygii indet. (79135)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Belarus (Gormel) Actinopterygii indet. (232955 232957)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Canada (Northern Territories) Dialipina salgueiroensis (233061)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian402.5 - 387.7Latvia Orvikuina sp. (226510)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Estonia Orvikuina sp. (225792 225794) Orvikuina vardiaensis (225793)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus Orvikuina vardiaensis (225880 225882 225883 225884) Orvikuina vardiaensis, Moythomasia sp. (225881)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Svalbard and Jan Mayen Palaeoniscoidea indet. (226393)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus (Vitebsk) Actinopterygii indet., Orvikuina sp., Moythomasia sp. (232958) Actinopterygii indet., Orvikuina vardiaensis (232874)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Latvia Orvikuina sp. (225795) Orvikuina sp., Orvikuina vardiaensis (225796 225797)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Latvia Orvikuina spp. (225802 225850)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Orvikuina vardiaensis (225885)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Estonia Orvikuina sp. (225804)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Palaeonisci indet., Moythomasia sp. (225888)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7Estonia Moythomasia sp. (225778)
Middle Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Palaeonisci indet. (225887)