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Osteoglossocephala
Taxonomy
Osteoglossocephala is an unranked clade. It is extant.
It was assigned to Osteoglossocephalai by Betancur et al. (2013); and to Teleocephala by Nelson et al. (2016).
It was assigned to Osteoglossocephalai by Betancur et al. (2013); and to Teleocephala by Nelson et al. (2016).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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2013 | Osteoglossocephala Betancur et al. |
2016 | Osteoglossocephala Nelson et al. p. 153 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Osteoglossocephala
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Superor. Osteoglossomorpha Greenwood et al. 1966
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G. †Joffrichthys Li and Wilson 1996
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†Joffrichthys symmetropterus Li and Wilson 1996
†Joffrichthys tanyourus Murray et al. 2018
†Joffrichthys triangulpterus Newbrey and Bozek 2000
Or. Osteoglossiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. Arapaimidae
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Fm. †Lycopteridae
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G. †Aokiichthys Yabumoto 1994
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†Aokiichthys changae Yabumoto 1994
†Aokiichthys otai Yabumoto 1994
†Aokiichthys praedorsalis Yabumoto 1994
†Aokiichthys toriyamai Yabumoto 1994
†Aokiichthys uyenoi Yabumoto 1994
G. †Yungkangichthys Chang and Chou 1974
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†Yungkangichthys hsitanensis Chang and Chou 1974
†Yungkangichthys macrodon Yabumoto 1994
Fm. Notopteridae [knifefish]
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G. †Notopteridarum
Invalid names: Notopterinae [empty], Xenomystinae [empty]
G. †Opsithrissops Daniltshenko 1968
Fm. Osteoglossidae Bonaparte 1832 [arowana]
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G. Heterotis Rüppell 1828 [African arowana]
G. †Osteoglossidarum
Subfm. Osteoglossinae Nelson 1968
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G. †Brychaetus Agassiz 1845
G. †Cretophareodus Lim 1996
G. †Phareodus Leidy 1873
G. †Singida Greenwood and Patterson 1967
G. †Taverneichthys Kumar et al. 2005
G. †Scleropages Gunther 1864
Invalid names: Heterodontinae [empty], Heterotidinae Nelson 1968 [empty]
Subor. Osteoglossoidei
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Fm. Pantodontidae Peters 1876
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G. †Capassopiscis Taverne 2022
G. †Palaeopantodon Taverne 2021
G. †Pankowskipiscis Taverne 2021
G. †Petersichthys Taverne 2021
G. †Prognathoglossum Taverne and Capasso 2012
Invalid names: Clupisudidae [empty]
Fm. †Wakinoichthiidae Yabumoto 1994
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G. †Wakinoichthys Yabumoto 1994
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†Wakinoichthys aokii Yabumoto 1994
†Wakinoichthys robustus Yabumoto 1994
Invalid names: Mormyridae [empty], Saurocephalidae [empty]
Invalid names: Lycopteriformes [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
Reference: Carroll 1988 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bathonian to the top of the Holocene or 168.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 166.1 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 166.1 Ma
Collections (155 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Bathonian | Morocco (Figuig) | Osteoglossiformes indet. (176120) | |
Late/Upper Tithonian - Early/Lower Berriasian | Morocco (Figuig) | Osteoglossiformes indet. (204918 204936) | |
Late/Upper Tithonian - Early/Lower Berriasian | Morocco (Oriental) | Osteoglossiformes indet. (45726) | |
Berriasian - Valanginian | China (Shandong) | Tanichthys ningjiagouensis (47070) | |
Neocomian | Japan (Fukuoka) | Aokiichthys sp., Aokiichthys toriyamai, Aokiichthys changae, Aokiichthys otai, Aokiichthys uyenoi, Aokiichthys praedorsalis (145243) Wakinoichthys aokii (145246) Wakinoichthys aokii, Wakinoichthys robustus (145244) Yungkangichthys macrodon, Wakinoichthys aokii (145245) | |
Cretaceous | China (NingXia) | Tongxinichthys microdus (119465) | |
Cretaceous | China | Xixiaichthys tongxiensis (117997) | |
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | China (Liaoning) | Changichthys dalinghensis (126448) | |
Barremian | Japan (Ishikawa) | Osteoglossidae indet. (32324) | |
Aptian | China (Gansu) | Shuleichthys brachypteryx (135813) | |
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | South Korea (Kyongsangnam-do) | Wakinoichthys aokii (144935) | |
Cenomanian - Campanian | Tanzania (Mbeya) | Osteoglossomorpha indet. (46888 100215) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Alaska) | Chandlerichthys strickeri (84475) | |
Late/Upper Cenomanian | Canada (Nunavut) | Osteoglossomorpha indet. (45559) | |
Late/Upper Cenomanian | Lebanon | Capassopiscis pankowskii, Petersichthys libanicus, Pankowskipiscis haqelensis, Palaeopantodon vandersypeni (221948) | |
Middle Cenomanian | Lebanon | Prognathoglossum kalassyi (221170) | |
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian | USA (Utah) | Hiodontidae indet. (14385) | |
Late/Upper Santonian | Canada (Alberta) | Hiodontidae indet., Wilsonichthys sp. (14425 14426 14428 190345) Wilsonichthys sp. (190344) | |
Campanian - Maastrichtian | Sudan (Ash Shamaliyah) | Osteoglossidae indet. (38682) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Hiodontidae indet. (22695 22698 98674) Osteoglossomorpha indet. 2 (22696) Osteoglossomorpha indet. 2, Hiodontidae indet. (22697) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Utah) | Hiodontidae indet. (75836) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Cretophareodus sp., Hiodontidae indet. (229975) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon) | Osteoglossidae indet. (74660) | |
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Brazil (São Paulo) | Osteoglossidae indet. (57000) | |
Maastrichtian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Phareodus sp. (58100 222693) | |
Maastrichtian | Mali | Brychaetus sp. (114954) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Osteoglossomorpha indet., Wilsonichthys sp. (227221) | |
Maastrichtian | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Phareodus sp. (226125) Phareodus sp., Osteoglossidae indet. (75493) | |
Maastrichtian - Danian | Bolivia | Brychaetus sp. (123343) | |
Lancian | USA (Montana) | Osteoglossomorpha indet. (14568) Osteoglossomorpha indet., Hiodontidae indet. small morph, Hiodontidae indet. large morph, Wilsonichthys sp., Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis (14549) Osteoglossomorpha indet., Hiodontidae indet. small morph, Hiodontidae indet. large morph, Wilsonichthys sp., Wilsonichthys sp. (144502) Osteoglossomorpha indet., Hiodontidae indet. small morph, Wilsonichthys sp., Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis (144499 144500 192242 192247) | |
Lancian | Canada (Alberta) | Osteoglossomorpha indet., Hiodontidae indet. small morph, Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis (14631) | |
Lancian | USA (Wyoming) | Osteoglossomorpha indet., Hiodontidae indet. small morph, Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis, Lopadichthys sp. (14519) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Bolivia (Cochabamba) | Heterotidinae indet. (12855) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Notopterus nolfi, Scleropages intertrappus (122240) Phareodus sp. (153368) Phareodus sp., Osteoglossidarum intertrappus, Osteoglossidae indet., Notopteridae indet. (27014) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Spain (Valencia) | Osteoglossidae indet. (47035) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Osteoglossomorpha indet., Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis (190346) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Paleocene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Osteoglossidae indet. (226992) | |
Danian | Greenland | Osteoglossidae indet. (206772) | |
Danian | Mexico (Chiapas) | Phareodus sp. (190739) | |
Danian | Bolivia (Mizque) | Phareodus sp., Eohiodon sp. (13501) | |
Paleocene | Canada (Alberta) | Joffrichthys sp. (24926) | |
Paleocene | India (Rajasthan) | Taverneichthys bikanericus (192265) | |
Paleocene - Eocene | Mali | Brychaetus sp. (202361) | |
Tiffanian | Canada (Alberta) | Lopadichthys sp., Osteoglossomorpha indet. (22732) | |
Thanetian | Niger | Brychaetus muelleri (229530) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | Canada (Alberta) | Lopadichthys colwellae, Joffrichthys tanyourus (191920) Osteoglossomorpha indet. (133214) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene - Early/Lower Eocene | India | Osteoglossidae indet. (91316) | |
Clarkforkian | USA (North Dakota) | Joffrichthys triangulpterus (21372) | |
Ypresian | Canada (British Columbia) | Eohiodon woodruffi (113148 119857) | |
Ypresian | India (Gujarat) | Osteoglossiformes indet. (71438) | |
Ypresian | Italy | Foreyichthys bolcensis, Thrissopterus catullii, Monopteros gigas (94830) | |
Ypresian | Mali (Gao) | Brychaetus sp. (175262) | |
Ypresian | USA (Maryland ) | Brychaetus muelleri (124192) | |
Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Osteoglossidae indet. (81179 209524) | |
Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Phareodus encaustus (134736) Phareodus testis (134737) | |
Eocene | USA (Montana) | Hiodon consteniorum (134348) | |
Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Oregon) | Hiodon sp. (227073) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Virginia) | Brychaetus muelleri (15595) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Phareodus sp. (74615) Phareodus sp., Eohiodon sp. (74617) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | Brychaetus muelleri (164192) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Phareodus sp. (182921) | |
Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Osteoglossidae indet. (81224) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan (North-West Frontier) | Osteoglossidae indet. (28978) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan | Osteoglossidae indet. (125084) | |
Lutetian | Tanzania | Osteoglossomorpha indet., Singida jacksonoides (31499) | |
Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | Brychaetus sp. (41888) | |
Lutetian | USA (Washington) | Eohiodon woodruffi (189960 189961) | |
Middle Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Eohiodon rosei (192126) | |
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene | Libya (Sirt) | Gymnarchus sp. (175361 175362 187328) | |
Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | Osteoglossidae indet. (209520) | |
Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | Brychaetus sp. (75638) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Oman (Dhofar) | Osteoglossidae indet. (175334) Osteoglossiformes indet. (162464) | |
Rupelian | USA (South Carolina) | Osteoglossidae indet. (60444 224900) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Kenya | Mormyridae indet., Osteoglossidae indet. (174672) | |
Miocene | Australia (Queensland) | Scleropages leichardti (227021) | |
Miocene - Pliocene | Uganda | Gymnarchus niloticus (22217 22245 22247 22398 22400 22405 22433 22457) | |
Middle Miocene | Colombia (Huila) | Arapaima gigas (186568) | |
Middle Miocene | Peru (Loreto) | Osteoglossiformes indet. (224008 224009 224010) Osteoglossiformes indet., Osteoglossoidei indet. (224007) | |
Tortonian | Brazil (Acre) | Osteoglossidae indet. (55602) | |
Tortonian - Messinian | Kenya | Gymnarchus sp., Heterotis sp. (22241) | |
Late/Upper Miocene | Uganda | Gymnarchus niloticus (22358 22443) | |
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | Uganda | Gymnarchus niloticus (22345) | |
Messinian | Chad | Gymnarchus sp. (59839) | |
Messinian - Zanclean | Kenya | Gymnarchus sp., Heterotis sp. (22242) | |
Zanclean | Kenya | Gymnarchus niloticus (21510) Gymnarchus sp. (22338) Gymnarchus sp., Heterotis sp. (22240) | |
Pliocene | Uganda | Gymnarchus niloticus (22265) | |
Zanclean - Piacenzian | Kenya | Gymnarchus sp. (22239) Gymnarchus sp., Heterotis sp. (22235) | |
Pliocene - Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Gymnarchus sp. (22346) | |
Late/Upper Pliocene - Piacenzian | Ethiopia | Gymnarchus sp. (21546) | |
Piacenzian | Kenya | Gymnarchus niloticus (21425) | |
Gelasian | Kenya | Gymnarchus niloticus (21398 21478 21486 21504 21537) Gymnarchus sp. (21420) | |
Gelasian | Ethiopia | Gymnarchus sp. (21545) | |
Gelasian - Calabrian | Kenya | Gymnarchus niloticus (21367 21421 21495 21498) | |
Pleistocene | Saudi Arabia | Osteoglossiformes indet. (48858) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Gymnarchus sp. (22098) | |
Calabrian | Kenya | Gymnarchus niloticus (21368) | |
Holocene | Sudan | Mormyridae indet. (21871) | |
Holocene | Niger | Gymnarchus niloticus, Heterotis niloticus (83304) Mormyridae indet., Heterotis niloticus (83305) | |
Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Hiodon tergisus (224189) |