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Megalonychinae

Mammalia - Megalonychidae

Taxonomy
Megalonychinae was named by Trouessart (1904). Its type is Megalonyx.

It was assigned to Megatheriidae by Hay (1930); and to Megalonychidae by Hirschfeld (1985) and Varela et al. (2019).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1904Megalonychinae Trouessart
1930Megalonychinae Hay p. 407
1985Megalonychinae Hirschfeld
2019Megalonychinae Varela et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Americatheria
—Xenarthra()
infraorderPilosaFlower 1883
—Folivora
classEufolivoraDelsuc et al. 2001
superfamilyMegatherioideaGray 1821
familyMegalonychidaeGervais 1855
subfamilyMegalonychinaeTrouessart 1904
subfamilyMegalonychinaeTrouessart 1904

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Megalonychinae Trouessart 1904
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G. †Ahytherium Cartelle et al. 2008
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†Ahytherium aureum Cartelle et al. 2008
Invalid names: Iporangabradyx Dos Santos 1991 [nomen nudum], Iporangabradyx collecti Dos Santos 1991 [nomen nudum]
G. †Australonyx De Iuliis et al. 2009
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†Australonyx aquae De Iuliis et al. 2009
G. †Ereptodon Leidy 1853
+
†Ereptodon priscus Leidy 1853
G. †Megalonyx Harlan 1825
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†Megalonyx curvidens Matthew 1924
†Megalonyx cuvieri Lund 1839
†Megalonyx dissimilis Leidy 1855
†Megalonyx gigas Marsh 1874
†Megalonyx jeffersonii Desmarest 1822 [Jefferson's ground sloth]
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Invalid names: Megalonyx brachycephalus Sellards 1941 [synonym], Megalonyx californicus Stock 1913 [synonym], Megalonyx hogani Stovall 1940 [synonym], Megalonyx laqueatus Harlan 1831 [synonym], Megalonyx milleri Lyon 1938 [synonym]
†Megalonyx leidyi Lindahl 1892
†Megalonyx leptostomus Cope 1893
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Invalid names: Megalonyx rohrmani Gustafson 1978 [synonym]
†Megalonyx loxodon Cope 1871
†Megalonyx mathisi Hirschfeld and Webb 1968
†Megalonyx obtusidens Webb and Perrigo 1985
†Megalonyx scalper Cope 1899
†Megalonyx sierrensis Sinclair 1905 [sloth]
†Megalonyx tortulus Cope 1871
†Megalonyx validus Leidy 1868
†Megalonyx wheatleyi Cope 1871
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Invalid names: Megalonyx sphenodon Cope 1871 [synonym]
Invalid names: Megalonyx gracilis Lund 1893 [nomen nudum]
G. †Megistonyx McDonald et al. 2013
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†Megistonyx oreobios McDonald et al. 2013
G. †Pliometanastes Hirschfeld and Webb 1968
+
†Pliometanastes protistus Hirschfeld and Webb 1968
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Invalid names: Pliometanastes galushai Hirschfeld and Webb 1968 [synonym]
G. †Sinclairia Ameghino 1912
+
†Sinclairia oregoniana Ameghino 1912
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-22 18:30:05
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Laventan to the top of the Rancholabrean or 13.80000 to 0.01200 Ma

Collections (182 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila) Megalonychinae indet. (133689 187078 187721 187739)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (New Mexico) Pliometanastes galushai (19290) Pliometanastes sp. (19186)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Jalisco) Megalonyx sp. (189788 189790)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Hidalgo) Megalonyx sp. (18746)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) Megalonychidae indet. (19479) Megalonyx mathisi (19187) Pliometanastes protistus (19546) Pliometanastes sp. (19411)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) Megalonyx sp. (18718 175257)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) Pliometanastes protistus (18072)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Pliometanastes protistus (18529 18560 18564 18601)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Costa Rica (Puntarenas) Pliometanastes protistus (144596)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Nayarit) Megalonyx sp. (212338)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) Megalonyx curvidens (18033 18201 18323 18441 18499) Megalonyx sp. (18043 18225) Pliometanastes sp. (18086)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oregon) Megalonychidae indet. (19015) Megalonyx sp. (19116)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oklahoma) Megalonychidae indet. (18304)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) Megalonyx sp. (18036)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) Megalonyx curvidens (18126 18247 18359)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) Megalonyx sp. (18737)
early Early Hemphillian - late Early Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Pliometanastes sp. (18539)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Brazil Megalonychinae indet. (143727)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (New Mexico) Megalonyx leptostomus (19655 19968)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Baja California Sur) Megalonyx sp. (20075)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8El Salvador Megalonyx sp. (70118)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nebraska) Megalonyx leptostomus (19959) Megalonyx sp. (19954 19955)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Hidalgo) Megalonyx sp., Pliometanastes sp. (20079)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Idaho) Megalonyx leptonyx (19808) Megalonyx leptostomus (19911 19913)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Florida) Megalonyx leptostomus (19753 19754 19764)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nevada) Megalonyx leptostomus (20009)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Texas) Megalonyx leptostomus (20022 20023 20033) Megalonyx sp. (20034 20038 20052)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (California) Megalonyx sp. (19667 20112 20115 20118 20121) Xenarthra indet. (19714)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Sonora) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20322)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Washington) Megalonyx leptostomus (20062) Megalonyx rohrmanni (20063)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Arizona) Megalonyx sp. (19653 19656 19657 19658)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Kansas) Megalonyx leptostomus (19942) Megalonyx sp. (19932 19936 19939)
Blancan - Irvingtonian4.9 - 0.3USA (New Mexico) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20397)
Blancan - Irvingtonian4.9 - 0.3USA (South Dakota) Megalonyx leptostomus (20020)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Texas) Megalonyx sp. (191451)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588USA (California) Megalonyx sp. (19703)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806USA (Florida) Megalonyx leptostomus (20384) Megalonyx sp. (19758)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (Florida) Megalonyx leptostomus (19750 98313)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (Arizona) Megalonyx jeffersonii (85145)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx leptostomus (206955)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.588 - 0.129El Salvador Megalonyx obtusidens (20152)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93373)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) Megalonyx jeffersonii (108095)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Mississippi) Megalonyx jeffersoni (161954) Megalonyx sp. (161194)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Megalonyx jeffersoni (227368)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Megalonychidae indet. (207423) Megalonyx sp. (85140 207541)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx jeffersonii (65405)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Megalonyx sp. (65469)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Illinois) Megalonyx jeffersonii (87059)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0Brazil (São Paulo) Ahytherium aureum (85344)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Kansas) Megalonyx leidyi (20353) Megalonyx sp. (20291 20301)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Iowa) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20556)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx sp., Megalonyx jeffersonii (79919)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (California) Megalonyx sp. (20125 20130 20155 20161 20272 20319 20327 20387) Megalonyx sp., Megalonyx wheatleyi (20128) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20187)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (South Dakota) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20158)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Maryland) Megalonyx sp. (20302)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Oklahoma) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20382)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Florida) Megalonyx leptostomus (20308) Megalonyx sp. (26550) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20299 20350 20415 20475)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Montana) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20310)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Alabama) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20281)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Megalonyx sp. (20563)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Pennsylvania) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20479)
Irvingtonian - Rancholabrean1.8 - 0.012USA (California) Megalonyx sp. (20323)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Brazil (Bahia) Ahytherium aureum, Australonyx aquae (85343)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx jeffersonii (79767 79768)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Megalonyx sp., Megalonychidae indet. (20639)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Nebraska) Megalonyx sp. (34382)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Virginia) Megalonyx jeffersonii (104662)
Rancholabrean (glacial)0.3 - 0.012USA (California) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20624)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Florida) Megalonyx sp. (20491)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Texas) Megalonyx jeffersonii (225289)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx jeffersonii (79757 79760)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Alberta) Megalonyx sp. (20615)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) Megalonyx sp., Megalonyx jeffersonii (93332)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Megalonyx jeffersonii (155393)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Idaho) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20569 20612)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Missouri) Megalonyx jeffersoni (93379)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20574) Megalonyx sp. (20585 20609)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Arkansas) Megalonyx jeffersoni (216259)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Venezuela (Zulia) Megistonyx oreobios (199778)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20584)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Megalonyx jeffersonii, Megalonyx wheatleyi (74292) Megalonyx sp. (74294) Megalonyx wheatleyi (20638)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Northwest Territories) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20610)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Ohio) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93208)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Guatemala (El Petén) Megalonyx sp. (189383)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (North Dakota) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93268)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Honduras Megalonyx sp. (190753)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Illinois) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93486)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Megalonyx jeffersonii (20626)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Utah) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93266)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Megalonyx jeffersoni (152904)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Megalonyx indet. (13066) Megalonyx sp. (84189)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Megalonyx jeffersonii (103358 104678)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Megalonyx sp. (20573)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Megalonyx jeffersonii (230753) Megalonyx sp. (85142)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Megalonyx sp. (20273 73752 74235 93250 155409)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Illinois) Megalonyx jeffersonii (93209)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Megalonyx brachycephalus (93103)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Guatemala (Peten) Megalonyx sp. (71312)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Kansas) Megalonyx jeffersonii (83073)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0USA (Missouri) Megalonyx jeffersonii (63563)