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Crossopterygii

Crossopterygii

Taxonomy
Crossopterygidae was named by Huxley (1861). It is extant.

It was reranked as the superorder Crossopterygia by Cope (1887) and Hay (1902); it was reranked as the order Crossopterygii by Woodward (1891), Gadow (1898) and Woodward (1916); it was reranked as the unranked clade Crossopterygii by Jaekel (1911) and Säve-Söderbergh (1934); it was reranked as the subclass Crossopterygii by Heintz (1934) and Jordan (1963); it was corrected as Crossopterygii by Daly (1973).

It was assigned to Ganoidei by Huxley (1861); to Teleostomi by Hay (1902); to Holostea by Jaekel (1911); to Teleostomi by Cope (1887) and Woodward (1916); to Choanata by Säve-Söderbergh (1934); to Teleostomi by Woodward (1891), Gadow (1898) and Heintz (1934); to Pisces by Jordan (1963); and to Sarcopterygii by Daly (1973).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1861Crossopterygidae Huxley p. 24
1887Crossopterygia Cope p. 1017
1891Crossopterygii Woodward p. 316
1898Crossopterygii Gadow p. 7
1902Crossopterygia Hay p. 356
1911Crossopterygii Jaekel p. 75
1916Crossopterygii Woodward p. 21
1934Crossopterygii Heintz p. S181
1934Crossopterygii Säve-Söderbergh p. 17
1963Crossopterygii Jordan p. 608
1973Crossopterygii Daly p. 567

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
Eugnathostomata
Teleostomi(Bonaparte 1836)
orderCrossopterygii()
orderCrossopterygii()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Crossopterygii Huxley 1861
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G. †Osteopleurus Schaeffer 1941
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Osteopleurus milleri Shainin 1943
Osteopleurus newarki Bryant 1934
Or. †Cyclolepidi Jaekel 1911
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Invalid names: Diplocerci Jaekel 1911 [empty], Holoptychii Jaekel 1911 [empty], Onychodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty]
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G. †Diplopterus Agassiz 1843
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Diplopterus agassizi Traill 1841
G. †Megalichthys Agassiz 1835
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Megalichthys hibberti Agassiz 1835
Megalichthys intermedius Woodward 1891
Megalichthys laevis Traquair 1890
Megalichthys laticeps Traquair 1884
Megalichthys maxillaris Agassiz 1843
Megalichthys mullisoni Downs and Daeschler 2020
Megalichthys nitens Fritsch 1889
Megalichthys priscus Agassiz 1843
Megalichthys pygmaeus Traquair 1841
Megalichthys rugosus Young 1870
Invalid names: Centrodus M'Coy 1848 [synonym], Megalichthys anceps Newberry 1888 [nomen oblitum], Megalichthys angustus Newberry 1856 [nomen oblitum], Megalichthys incurvus Newberry 1856 [nomen oblitum]
G. †Parabatrachus Owen 1853
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Parabatrachus colei Owen 1853
Fm. †Saurodipterini Huxley 1861
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G. †Triplopterus M'Coy 1855
Invalid names: Amii Jaekel 1911 [empty], Belonorhynchi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Belonostomi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Coelacanthini [empty], Eugnathi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Haplistia Cope 1870 [empty], Heterocerci Jaekel 1911 [empty], Lepidostei Huxley [empty], Platysomi Traquair [empty], Polypterini Bonaparte 1837 [empty], Taxistia Cope 1887 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 15:11:50
Modified: 2017-04-17 15:11:50
Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Emsian to the top of the Late/Upper Kimmeridgian or 407.60000 to 150.80000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 402.5 Ma

Collections (36 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Russian Federation Crossopterygii indet. (35710 35711 35712 35749)
Emsian - Givetian407.6 - 382.7Antarctica Osteolepidae indet. (207077 207084 207085)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9Russian Federation Crossopterygii indet. (35715 35720)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Antarctica Osteolepidae indet. (207070 207081 207082 207083 207089 207090 207092 207095 207098)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Pennsylvania) Megalichthys mullisoni (196360)
Arundian345.0 - 342.8United Kingdom (Scotland) Megalichthys sp. (90682)
Asbian339.4 - 336.0USA (Iowa) Osteolepidae indet. (68318)
Asbian339.4 - 336.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Megalichthys sp. (230478)
Pendleian326.4 - 318.1United Kingdom (England) Crossopterygii indet. (22726)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9United Kingdom Centrodus striatulus (132777) Megalichthys hibberti (132730 132731)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0United Kingdom Megalichthys pygmaeus (137309)
Westphalian B314.6 - 314.6United Kingdom (Flintshire) Megalichthys hibberti (233401)
Cisuralian298.9 - 272.3Norway (Akhershus) Megalichthys sp., Crossopterygii indet. (125173)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5USA (North Carolina) Osteopleurus sp. (89149)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (New Jersey) Osteopleurus newarki (91743 190915) Osteopleurus newarki, Osteopleurus milleri (12856)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Pennsylvania) Coelacanthus newarki (99375) Osteopleurus newarki (221018)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Bavaria) Crossopterygii indet. (132944)