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Caimaninae

Reptilia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1988Caiman tremembensis Chiappe
1999Caimaninae Brochu
2013Caimaninae Hastings et al.
2013Caimaninae Pinheiro et al.
2014Caimaninae Farke et al.
2020Caimaninae Silva Lacerda et al.
2021Caimaninae Rio and Mannion

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
SuchiaKrebs 1974
Paracrocodylomorpha
Loricata(Merrem 1820)
Crocodylomorpha()
Solidocrania
suborderCrocodyliformes
MesoeucrocodyliaWhetstone and Whybrow 1983
NeosuchiaClark 1988
suborderEusuchiaHuxley 1875
Crocodylia(Owen 1842)
Alligatoroidea(Gray 1844)
Globidonta
Alligatoridae(Gray 1844)
Caimaninae
Caimaninae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Caimaninae Brochu 1999
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G. †Brachychampsa Gilmore 1911
+
Brachychampsa montana Gilmore 1911
Brachychampsa sealeyi Williamson 1996
G. †Centenariosuchus Hastings et al. 2013
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Centenariosuchus gilmorei Hastings et al. 2013
G. †Ceratosuchus Schmidt 1938
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Ceratosuchus burdoshi Schmidt 1938
G. †Chinatichampsus Stocker et al. 2021
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Chinatichampsus wilsonorum Stocker et al. 2021
G. †Culebrasuchus Hastings et al. 2013
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Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus Hastings et al. 2013
G. †Globidentosuchus Scheyer et al. 2013
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Globidentosuchus brachyrostris Scheyer et al. 2013
G. †Gnatusuchus Salas-Gismondi et al. 2015
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Gnatusuchus pebasensis Salas-Gismondi et al. 2015
Unr. †Jacarea Gray 1844
+
G. †Acresuchus Souza-Filho et al. 2019
+
Acresuchus pachytemporalis Souza-Filho et al. 2019
Invalid names: Caiman niteroiensis Souza Filho and Bocquetin 1991 [nomen nudum], Caiman pachytemporalis Souza-Filho 1998 [nomen nudum]
G. †Bottosaurus Agassiz 1849
+
Bottosaurus fustidens Cossette 2021
Bottosaurus harlani Meyer 1832
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Invalid names: Crocodilus macrorhynchus Harlan 1834 [objective synonym]
G. Caiman Spix 1825 [caiman]
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Caiman australis Bravard 1858
Caiman brevirostris Souza Filho 1987
Caiman crocodilus Linnaeus 1758 [Common caiman]
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Invalid names: Caiman venezuelensis Fortier and Rincón 2013 [synonym]
Caiman gasparinae Bona and Carabajal 2013
Caiman latirostris Daudin 1801 [broud-snouted caiman]
+
Invalid names: Caiman lutescens Rovereto 1912 [synonym]
Caiman paranensis Scalabrini 1887
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Invalid names: Alligator ameghinoi Rovereto 1912 [synonym], Alligator lutescens Rovereto 1912 [synonym]
Caiman praecursor Rusconi 1933
Caiman sclerops Schneider 1801 [common caiman]
Caiman wannlangstoni Salas-Gismondi et al. 2015
Caiman yacare Daudin 1802
Invalid names: Jacaretinga Spix 1825 [synonym]
G. Melanosuchus Gray 1862 [black caiman]
+
Melanosuchus fisheri Medina 1976
Melanosuchus latrubessei Souza-Filho et al. 2020
G. †Necrosuchus Simpson 1937
+
Necrosuchus ionensis Simpson 1937
G. Paleosuchus Gray 1862 [caiman]
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Paleosuchus trigonatus Schneider 1801
G. †Protocaiman Bona et al. 2018
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Protocaiman peligrensis Bona et al. 2018
G. †Purussaurus Barbosa Rodrigues 1892
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Purussaurus brasiliensis Barbosa-Rodrigues 1892
Purussaurus mirandai Aguilera et al. 2006
Purussaurus neivensis Mook 1941
G. †Tsoabichi Brochu 2010
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G. †Kuttanacaiman Salas-Gismondi et al. 2015
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Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis Salas-Gismondi et al. 2015
G. †Mourasuchus Price 1964
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Mourasuchus arendsi Bocquentin Villanueva 1984
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Invalid names: Mourasuchus nativus Gasparini 1985 [synonym]
Mourasuchus atopus Langston 1965
Mourasuchus pattersoni Cidade et al. 2017
Invalid names: Carandaisuchus Gasparini 1985 [synonym], Nettosuchus Langston 1965 [synonym]
G. †Orthogenysuchus Mook 1924
+
G. †Stangerochampsa Wu et al. 1996
+
Stangerochampsa mccabei Wu et al. 1996
G. †Wannaganosuchus Erickson 1982
+
Wannaganosuchus brachymanus Erickson 1982
Invalid names: Caiman tremembensis Chiappe 1988 [nomen dubium], Nettosuchidae Langston 1965 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Diet: carnivoreuc
Created: 2009-01-03 20:38:59
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:38:59
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Bush and Bambach 2015, Benton 1983, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Turonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 93.50000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 89.3 Ma

Collections (270 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Uzbekistan (Navoi) Brachychampsa sp. (58597)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Kazakhstan (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan) Brachychampsa sp. (59730)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Mexico) Brachychampsa sp. (13000)
Judithian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Brachychampsa montana (14458)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Utah) Brachychampsa sp. (231039)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Mexico) Brachychampsa montana (36269 47818) Brachychampsa sp. (36449 36541 36542 52052 62537)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mexico (Baja California) Brachychampsa sp. (197021)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) Brachychampsa sp. (14455)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Montana) Brachychampsa sp. (14437)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Carolina) Bottosaurus sp. (180790)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Carolina) Bottosaurus sp. (201615)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Saskatchewan) Brachychampsa sp. (14494)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Brachychampsa sp. (68001 68002 68003 68004 68006)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (Colorado) Brachychampsa sp. (167302)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Brachychampsa sp. (14504)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Bottosaurus harlani (83331)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Brachychampsa montana (45313)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Stangerochampsa mccabei (114017)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Brachychampsa montana (14610 14620 14621 137601 137710 137711 137722 137724 137727)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Brachychampsa montana (14505 14514 14519 14524 14527 14538 14557 14566 14578 14579 14596 14601 14625 14643 14644) Brachychampsa sp. (14540 14541 14543 14544 70341 70343 75284 75287 75292 75294 75296 75297 75429 75431 75434 75435 75443 75447)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Colorado) Brachychampsa montana (14640)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Montana) Brachychampsa montana (14512 14515 14533 14534 14535 14536 14546 14548 14552 14559 14574 14582 14615 14616 14654) Brachychampsa montana, Protocaiman sp. (14639) Brachychampsa sp. (14508 14513 14525 14560 14563 14653) Brachychampsa sp., Brachychampsa montana (14549)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Brachychampsa montana (14537 192251)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Brachychampsa montana (45390 47034 47628) Brachychampsa sp. (224484)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Brachychampsa montana (45098 45099 45102 45109 45110 45111 45112 45114 45118 45119 45120 45122 45128 45134 45136 45143 45144 45145 45299 45309 45381 45382 137718)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Montana) Brachychampsa montana (13142 100110) Brachychampsa montanus (183109)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Brachychampsa montana (14585 57158 57163 57166 57168) Brachychampsa sp. (26760)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Paleocene70.6 - 61.7USA (New Jersey) Bottosaurus harlani (26819 128428)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Montana) Brachychampsa sp. (14766)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Argentina (Chubut) Necrosuchus ionensis (123270) Protocaiman peligrensis, Necrosuchus ionensis, Eocaiman sp. (95914)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (South Carolina) Bottosaurus sp. (115148 115152)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Texas) Borealosuchus sp. (14975) Bottosaurus fustidens (14956)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (North Dakota) Wannaganosuchus brachymanus (15000)
Clarkforkian56.8 - 55.8USA (Colorado) Ceratosuchus burdoshi (99856)
Clarkforkian56.8 - 55.8USA (South Carolina) Bottosaurus sp. (15074)
Clarkforkian56.8 - 55.8USA (Wyoming) Ceratosuchus burdoshi (15171 15173 15208)
Eocene - Pliocene56.0 - 2.588Brazil (Acre) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp. (217776) Purussaurus sp. (217775 217781 217782 217788)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Ceratosuchus sp. (15586) Orthogenysuchus olseni (76066) Tsoabichi greenriverensis (143060)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Wyoming) Tsoabichi greenriverensis (224132)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2Peru (Loreto) Caimaninae indet. (176140)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Texas) Caimaninae indet. (16542)
Late/Upper Uintan - Duchesnean46.2 - 37.2USA (Texas) Chinatichampsus wilsonorum (217014)
Priabonian - Rupelian38.0 - 28.1Peru (Loreto) Caimaninae indet. (144474)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Peru (San Martín) Caimaninae indet. new genus new species (225589)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Peru Caimaninae indet. (199559) Caimaninae indet. conical teeth, Caimaninae indet. globidontan teeth (225590)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Peru Caimaninae indet. 1, Caimaninae indet. 2, C. sp. (199562) Caimaninae indet. new genus new species, Caimaninae indet. (199560)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Peru (Loreto) Caimaninae indet., C. durophagous taxon (176129)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Brazil (São Paulo) Caiman tremembensis (148390)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Peru (Loreto) Caimaninae indet. (176130) Caimaninae indet., Purussaurus sp. (176147)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Colombia (La Guajira) Mourasuchus sp. (176828)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Brazil (Acre) Purussaurus brasiliensis (217876)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Peru Caiman sp., Purussaurus sp. (176149)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (Guajira) Purussaurus sp. (176826)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Venezuela (Lara) Caiman sp., Caimaninae indet., Purussaurus sp. (193999) Caimaninae indet. (189440) Purussaurus sp. (193998 194000 194001)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97Panama Centenariosuchus gilmorei (89444 105889) Purussaurus sp. (142893) Purussaurus sp., Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus (96702)
Santacrucian - Friasian17.5 - 15.5Venezuela (Portugesa) Purussaurus sp. (190535)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Colombia (Cesar) Purussaurus neivensis (176829)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Peru Caiman sp., Purussaurus sp. (144512)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Venezuela (Falcon) Mourasuchus sp., Caiman sp., Purussaurus sp. (147466)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Peru (Maynas) Paleosuchus sp., Caimaninae indet., Purussaurus neivensis, Mourasuchus atopus, Gnatusuchus pebasensis, Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis, Caiman wannlangstoni (166767) Paleosuchus sp., Purussaurus neivensis, Mourasuchus atopus, Gnatusuchus pebasensis, Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis, Caiman wannlangstoni (166768) Purussaurus sp., Gnatusuchus pebasensis, Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis (166769)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Colombia (Huila) Dinosuchus neivensis (143324)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Peru (Loreto) Caimaninae indet., Purussaurus sp., Gnatusuchus pebasensis (224009) Purussaurus sp. (224013) Purussaurus sp., Gnatusuchus pebasensis (224010)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333Venezuela (Falcón) Mourasuchus arendsi (211915)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Peru (Maynas) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp., Gnatusuchus pebasensis (166770)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Bolivia (Santa Cruz) Mourasuchus sp. (167953)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Peru Caimaninae indet. (176156) Purussaurus sp. (176143)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia (Huila) Caiman lutescens (143788) Caiman neivensis (133648 133693 135348 135373) Nettosuchus atopus (143786 143795)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia (Tolima) Caiman neivensis (143783)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia Mourasuchus atopus (13686 13749 153820 153821)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Peru Paleosuchus sp., Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp. (107992) Purussaurus sp. (213137)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Venezuela Purussaurus sp. (200111)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Argentina (Entre Rios) Crocodilus paranensis, Jacaretinga praecursor, Crocodilus australis (13626)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Venezuela (Falcon) Purussaurus mirandai, Globidentosuchus brachyrostris, Melanosuchus fisheri, Mourasuchus arendsi (136777)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Peru C. durophagous taxon, Purussaurus sp. (176162) Caimaninae indet. (176133)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Caiman brevirostris, Acresuchus pachytemporalis (144739) Mourasuchus sp., Caiman indet., Purussaurus sp., Purussaurus brasiliensis, Mourasuchus nativus, Caiman niteroiensis (55602) Mourasuchus sp., Melanosuchus niger, Caimaninae indet., Caiman crocodilus (209089) Purusaurus brasiliensis (67385) Purussaurus brasiliensis, Mourasuchus amazonensis, Mourasuchus nativus, Caiman niteroiensis (136717)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Brazil (Amazonas) Caiman brevirostris, Acresuchus pachytemporalis, Melanosuchus latrubessei (67386)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela (Falcon) Globidentosuchus brachyrostris (143516 147464 147467) Melanosuchus fisheri (143517) Mourasuchus nativus, Caiman brevirostris (143518) Mourasuchus nativus, Globidentosuchus brachyrostris, Caiman sp., Melanosuchus fisheri (147463) Mourasuchus sp. (182999) Mourasuchus sp., Caiman sp., Purussaurus sp., Globidentosuchus brachyrostris (147462) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus mirandai, Caiman brevirostris (136776) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp. (183008 183010) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp., Purussaurus mirandai, Globidentosuchus brachyrostris (147465) Purussaurus mirandai (143319) Purussaurus sp., Purussaurus mirandai (143321)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela (Falcón) Acresuchus pachytemporalis (219762) Caiman latirostris, Purussaurus sp., Purussaurus mirandai (183009) Caimaninae indet., Purussaurus sp., Purussaurus mirandai (207049) Mourasuchus arendsi (99403) Purussaurus sp., Caiman brevirostris, Globidentosuchus brachyrostris (144595) Purussaurus sp., Melanosuchus fisheri, Mourasuchus arendsi, Caiman sp., Caiman lutescens (63520)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Bolivia (Pando) Mourasuchus arendsi (68795)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Venezuela Mourasuchus arendsi (181308)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Brazil Mourasuchus amazonensis (57989)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Brazil (Acre) Acresuchus pachytemporalis (136720) Caimaninae indet. (217877) Mourasuchus amazonensis, Acresuchus pachytemporalis (191932) Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp. (136714)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Argentina (Salta) Caiman latirostris (118038) Caiman sp. (206042)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.608 - 2.588Peru Caiman sp. (176145) Caimaninae indet. (176132)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico Caimaninae indet. (181304)
Huayquerian9.0 - 6.8Argentina (Entre Rios) Caiman jacare, Caiman latirostris, Caiman yacare, Caiman lutescens, Carandaisuchus nativus, Caiman gasparinae, Caiman australis (55600) Purussaurus sp. (204596)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Brazil (Acre) Mourasuchus amazonensis (217817)
Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene5.333 - 0.781Argentina (Salta) Caiman latirostris (174226)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Venezuela (Falcon) Caimaninae indet. (122033)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Venezuela (Monagas) Caiman sp., Caimaninae indet., Caiman venezuelensis (144977)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) Caimaninae indet. (230759)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Acre) Purussaurus brasiliensis (217824)
Quaternary2.588 - 0.0Argentina (Salta) Caiman latirostris (144517)
Calabrian1.806 - 0.781Venezuela (Falcon) Caiman yacare, Caimaninae indet. (219885)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Caiman sp. (124717)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Brazil (Piaui) Caiman sp. (71332)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Argentina (Entre Rios) Caiman sp. (93265)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.126 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) Caiman sp. (212251)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.126 - 0.0Brazil (Sergipe) Caimaninae indet. (147191)