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Spatangidea

Echinoidea - Spatangoida

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1966Spatangidea Fischer
2010Spatangidea Kroh and Smith p. 173

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
classEchinoidea()
RankNameAuthor
subclassEuechinoideaBronn 1860
superorderAcroechinoidea()
—Carinacea
—Irregularia()
—Atelostomata
orderSpatangoida
suborderBrissidina
superfamilySpatangidea
superfamilySpatangidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Spatangidea Fischer 1966
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Fm. Loveniidae Lambert 1905
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†Breynia carinata d'Archaic and Haime 1853
G. †Chuniola
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†Chuniola carolinae Gagel 1905
G. Echinocardium Gray 1825
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†Echinocardium deperessum Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Echinocardium orthonotum Conrad 1843
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Invalid names: Echinocardium ampliforus McCrady 1855 [synonym], Echinocardium gothicum Ravenel 1848 [synonym], Echinocardium virginianum Forbes 1845 [synonym]
G. †Hemipatagus Desor 1858
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†Hemipatagus argutus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus bandaensis Jeannet and Martin 1937
†Hemipatagus bundensis Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus calvimontanus Cotteau 1885
†Hemipatagus cartagensis Sanchez Roig 1949
†Hemipatagus desmoulinsi Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus duncani Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus gauthieri Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus girundicus Lambert 1915
†Hemipatagus grignonensis Cotteau 1880
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Invalid names: Spatangus arhiaci Agassiz 1847 [synonym]
†Hemipatagus guebhardi Lambert and Savin 1902
†Hemipatagus hispanica Cotteau 1890
†Hemipatagus hoffmanni Goldfuss 1829
†Hemipatagus marianii Airaghi 1903
†Hemipatagus martensii Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus nicoleti Agassiz 1839
†Hemipatagus ocellatus Defrance 1827
†Hemipatagus pellati Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus sambiensis Beyrich 1848
†Hemipatagus soubellensis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus subrostratus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus tenuis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus tuberculatus Peron and Gauthier 1885
Invalid names: Hemipatagus ficheuri Pomel 1887 [nomen dubium]
G. Lovenia Desor 1847
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Subg. Lovenia (Lovenia) Fischer 1966
†Lovenia alabamensis Cooke 1959
†Lovenia cordiformis Agassiz 1872
†Lovenia dumblei Kew 1917
†Lovenia lorioli Cotteau 1878
†Lovenia madurae Böhm 1882
†Lovenia mauritanica Pomel 1885
†Lovenia mexicana Jackson 1937
†Lovenia vicentina Dames 1878
†Lovenia woodsii Etheridge 1875
Invalid names: Lovenia forbesii Woods 1862 [nomen dubium], Vasconaster Lambert 1915 [synonym]
G. †Mazettia Lambert and Thiéry 1915
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†Mazettia pareti Manzoni 1879
G. †Verbeekia
Invalid names: Breyninae Lambert 1905 [empty], Echinocardiidae Cooke 1942 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. Spatangidae Gray 1825
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G. †Epiaster
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†Epiaster brevipetalus Smith and Wright 2008
†Epiaster catumbellensis de Loriol 1888
†Epiaster depressus Kew 1920
†Epiaster distinctus Agassiz and Desor 1847
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Invalid names: Epiaster polygonus Orbigny 1991 [synonym]
†Epiaster michelini d'Orbigny 1847
†Epiaster whitei Clark 1891
G. †Gonimaretia Clark 1917
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†Gonimaretia laevis Clark 1917
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†Isomicraster danei Cooke 1953
†Isomicraster gibbus Lamarck 1816
†Isomicraster rossi Cooke 1953
G. Maretia Gray 1855
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†Maretia carinata Bolau 1873
†Maretia carolinensis Kier 1997
†Maretia clarki Lambert 1924
†Maretia cordata Mortensen 1948
Maretia elevata Döderlein 1906
Maretia elliptica Bolau 1874
Maretia fasciata Lambert 1924
†Maretia hungarica Vadász 1915
Maretia mascareignarum Michelin 1863
Maretia peloria Clark 1916
Maretia planulata Lamarck 1816
†Maretia praelongus Herklots 1854
†Maretia saccoi Airaghi 1905
†Maretia savini Cotteau 1893
Maretia tuberculata Agassiz and Clark 1907
†Maretia twitchelli Lambert 1924
†Maretia variegatus Gray 1866
†Maretia zeisei Gagel 1905
G. Paramaretia Mortensen 1951
G. †Sarsella Pomel
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†Sarsella gregoryi Clark and Twitchell 1915
G. Spatangus Gray 1825
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Subg. Spatangus (Granopatagus) Lambert 1915
Subg. †Spatangus (Phymapatagus) Lambert 1910
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†Phymapatagus heberti Cotteau 1885
Subg. †Spatangus (Platyspatus) Pomel 1883
Subg. Spatangus (Spatangus) Fischer 1966
†Spatangus brissus Leske 1778
†Spatangus californicus Clark 1917
†Spatangus depressus Dubois 1843
†Spatangus fuchsi Oppenheim 1901
†Spatangus glenni Cooke 1959
†Spatangus integer Sorignet 1850
†Spatangus ovatus Leske 1778
†Spatangus rarus Israelsky 1923
†Spatangus tapinus Schenck 1928
†Spatangus ventricosus Lamarck 1816
Invalid names: Eupatangidae Lambert 1905 [empty], Eurypataginae Kroh 2007 [empty], Macropneustidae Lambert 1905 [empty], Maretiidae Lambert 1905 [empty], Megapneustidae Fourtau 1905 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calciteo
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: slow-movingo
Life habit: shallow infaunalo
Diet: deposit feedero
Diet 2: detritivoreo
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: watero
Dispersal 2: planktonico
Created: 2004-02-28 12:18:10
Modified: 2009-10-08 16:32:56
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Aberhan 1992, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 122.46000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.0 Ma

Collections (156 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Morocco (Western High Atlas) Epiaster restrictus (2070)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Switzerland Epiaster polygonus (2174 2233 2234)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0Algeria Epiaster restrictus (40787 40788)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Greenland Spatangidae indet. (160914)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Madagascar Epiaster besairiei, Epiaster jeanneti (98245)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Madagascar (Mahajanga) Epiaster jeanneti, Epiaster besairiei (86497)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza) Epiaster sp. (88253)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3Madagascar (Mahajanga) Epiaster besairiei (86503)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Angola Epiaster catumbellensis (210726 210730 210731 210777 210778 210779 210780 210781 210851)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Spain Epiaster sp. (3823 3824 3829)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6USA (Texas) Epiaster whitei (58637)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6France Epiaster distinctus (56552 58363)
Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian105.3 - 93.5Portugal Epiaster sp. (145896)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Arab Emirates Epiaster dartoni, Epiaster blanckenhorni (3792)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Angola Epiaster catumbellensis (210860)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Late/Upper Albian99.6 - 99.6Spain Epiaster sp. (3832)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5United Kingdom Micraster distinctus (59708)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Angola Epiaster catumbellensis (210856)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5France Micraster distinctus (59809)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Gabon Epiaster michelini (209609)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Texas) Isomicraster rossi (78174)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8France Epiaster michelini (3778)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Germany (Bayern) Epiaster distinctus, Epiaster brevipetalus (114012)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Spain Epiaster laxoporus (66965)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6France Epiaster laxoporus (3736)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.3 - 85.8Spain Epiaster laxoporus (66963)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Texas) Isomicraster danei (78176)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6France Epiaster laxoporus (3780)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5Austria Spatangus sp. (74490)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1France Epiaster laxoporus (3784)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Isomicraster stolleyi (31992)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Turkmenistan Isomicraster gibbus (196564 196565 196566)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Isomicraster stolleyi (31993)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Arkansas) Isomicraster danei (78175)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Mexico (Veracruz) Lovenia dumblei (204617)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Mississippi) Hemipatagus arguta (155927) Maretia arguta (99668)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Maretia grignonensis (42636) Spatangus grandituberculatus (8024)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (South Carolina) Maretia subrostrata (5476) Sarsella gregoryi (5468)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Maretia arguta (100142 101182)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) Hemipatagus subrostratus (5436) Maretia subostrata (5383) Maretia subrostrata (5366 5367 5385 5386 5452 5457 5459 5460 60452)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Hemipatagus argutus (142843)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Hemipatagus subrostratus (142965)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (California) Spatangus pachecoensis (203466) Spatangus tapinus (200715)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Spatangus sp. (39695)
Whaingaroan34.6 - 27.3New Zealand Lovenia tuberculata (155806)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Maretia hoffmanni (32013)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Mexico (Veracruz) Lovenia dumblei (204616) Lovenia mexicana (204618)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene28.4 - 15.97Malta Lovenia sp. (121529 121535 121540)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Texas) Lovenia alabamensis (69932)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03New Zealand (North Island) Lovenia tuberculata (205950)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (North Carolina) Maretia carolinensis (86499) Maretia sp. (151325)
Chattian - Aquitanian28.1 - 20.44USA (Florida) Echinocardium depressum (61120)
Duntroonian27.3 - 25.2New Zealand (N. W. Nelson) Lovenia tuberculata (13100)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97Italy (Sardinia) Lovenia anteroalta, Spatangus sp. (187427) Lovenia sp., Spatangus sp. (187424 187429) Lovenia sp., Spatangus thieryi (187423) Spatangus sp. (187425 187426 187428)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Greenland Hemipatagus sp. (88284)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Switzerland Echinocardium deikei (72421 72423) Echinocardium deikei, Echinocardium sp. (72322)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Egypt Spatangus sp. (47996)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Italy (Sardinia) Hemipatagus sp. (187430) Lovenia sp., Hemipatagus sp. (187431)
Altonian19.0 - 15.9New Zealand Lovenia tuberculata (155838 155840 155841 155842)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Australia (South Australia) Lovenia forbesi (88322)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Fiji Lovenia gigantea (68187 68300 68301 68314 68315) Lovenia gigantea, Lovenia similis (68313) Lovenia similis (68326)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Italy Spatangus austriacus (96239) Spatangus lamberti (96243 96244) Spatangus sp. (96238)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Australia (Western Australia) Breynia carinata (63288 63294)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Maryland) Echinocardium marylandiense (70830 155893)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Belgium Spatangus sp., Loveniidae indet., Hemipatagus ocellatus (95167)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Bosnia and Herzegovina Spatangus sp. (54126)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia (Borneo) Breynia sp. (41609)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia Breynia magna, Maretia pulchella, Maretia planulata (70099)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Lovenia woodsi (154112)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.588Australia (South Australia) Lovenia woodsi (50343)
Kapitean6.5 - 5.333New Zealand Maretia sp. (155844)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum, Echinocardium gothicum (35026)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium orthonotum, Spatangus glenni (60940)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Echinocardium kelloggi (52582)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Virginia) Echinocardium orthonotum (155878 155883 155886 155887 155888 155889 155890 155891 155892) Spatangus glenni (155881 155884)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Holy See (Vatican City State) Spatangus sp. (209253)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Lovenia sp. (212751)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588USA (California) Lovenia hemphilli, Spatangus rarus (120820)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Japan (Akita) Echinocardium cordatum (204465)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.588USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35027)
Piacenzian - Zanclean3.6 - 3.6Belgium Spatangus pupureus, Echinocardium cordatum (32146)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Taiwan Breynia testudinaria, Breynia cordata (72016)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35029)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Japan (Chiba) Spatangus pallidus (204372)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium gothicus (92411)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Japan (Chiba) Spatangus pallidus (204466)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Lovenia cordiformis (59063)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Eritrea Maretia planulata (80718)