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Loveniidae

Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Loveniidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1905Loveniidae Lambert p. 134
1942Echinocardiidae Cooke p. 59
1966Loveniidae Fischer p. U609
2007Loveniidae Kroh p. 173
2010Loveniidae Kroh and Smith p. 173

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
classEchinoidea()
subclassEuechinoideaBronn 1860
RankNameAuthor
superorderAcroechinoidea()
—Carinacea
—Irregularia()
—Atelostomata
orderSpatangoida
suborderBrissidina
superfamilySpatangidea
familyLoveniidae
familyLoveniidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Loveniidae Lambert 1905
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†Breynia carinata d'Archaic and Haime 1853
G. †Chuniola
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†Chuniola carolinae Gagel 1905
G. Echinocardium Gray 1825
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†Echinocardium deperessum Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Echinocardium orthonotum Conrad 1843
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Invalid names: Echinocardium ampliforus McCrady 1855 [synonym], Echinocardium gothicum Ravenel 1848 [synonym], Echinocardium virginianum Forbes 1845 [synonym]
G. †Hemipatagus Desor 1858
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†Hemipatagus argutus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus bandaensis Jeannet and Martin 1937
†Hemipatagus bundensis Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus calvimontanus Cotteau 1885
†Hemipatagus cartagensis Sanchez Roig 1949
†Hemipatagus desmoulinsi Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus duncani Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus gauthieri Lambert 1924
†Hemipatagus girundicus Lambert 1915
†Hemipatagus grignonensis Cotteau 1880
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Invalid names: Spatangus arhiaci Agassiz 1847 [synonym]
†Hemipatagus guebhardi Lambert and Savin 1902
†Hemipatagus hispanica Cotteau 1890
†Hemipatagus hoffmanni Goldfuss 1829
†Hemipatagus marianii Airaghi 1903
†Hemipatagus martensii Ebert 1889
†Hemipatagus nicoleti Agassiz 1839
†Hemipatagus ocellatus Defrance 1827
†Hemipatagus pellati Cotteau 1863
†Hemipatagus sambiensis Beyrich 1848
†Hemipatagus soubellensis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus subrostratus Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Hemipatagus tenuis Peron and Gauthier 1891
†Hemipatagus tuberculatus Peron and Gauthier 1885
Invalid names: Hemipatagus ficheuri Pomel 1887 [nomen dubium]
G. Lovenia Desor 1847
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Subg. Lovenia (Lovenia) Fischer 1966
†Lovenia alabamensis Cooke 1959
†Lovenia cordiformis Agassiz 1872
†Lovenia dumblei Kew 1917
†Lovenia lorioli Cotteau 1878
†Lovenia madurae Böhm 1882
†Lovenia mauritanica Pomel 1885
†Lovenia mexicana Jackson 1937
†Lovenia vicentina Dames 1878
†Lovenia woodsii Etheridge 1875
Invalid names: Lovenia forbesii Woods 1862 [nomen dubium], Vasconaster Lambert 1915 [synonym]
G. †Mazettia Lambert and Thiéry 1915
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†Mazettia pareti Manzoni 1879
G. †Verbeekia
Invalid names: Breyninae Lambert 1905 [empty], Echinocardiidae Cooke 1942 [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calciteo
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: slow-movingo
Life habit: shallow infaunalo
Diet: deposit feedero
Diet 2: detritivoreo
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: watero
Dispersal 2: planktonico
Created: 2004-02-28 12:18:10
Modified: 2009-10-08 16:32:56
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 47.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.3 Ma

Collections (70 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Mexico (Veracruz) Lovenia dumblei (204617)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Mississippi) Hemipatagus arguta (155927) Maretia arguta (99668)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) Hemipatagus subrostratus (5436)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Maretia arguta (100142 101182)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Hemipatagus argutus (142843)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Hemipatagus subrostratus (142965)
Whaingaroan34.6 - 27.3New Zealand Lovenia tuberculata (155806)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Mexico (Veracruz) Lovenia dumblei (204616) Lovenia mexicana (204618)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene28.4 - 15.97Malta Lovenia sp. (121529 121535 121540)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Texas) Lovenia alabamensis (69932)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03New Zealand (North Island) Lovenia tuberculata (205950)
Chattian - Aquitanian28.1 - 20.44USA (Florida) Echinocardium depressum (61120)
Duntroonian27.3 - 25.2New Zealand (N. W. Nelson) Lovenia tuberculata (13100)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97Italy (Sardinia) Lovenia anteroalta (187427) Lovenia sp. (187423 187424 187429)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Greenland Hemipatagus sp. (88284)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Switzerland Echinocardium deikei (72421 72423) Echinocardium deikei, Echinocardium sp. (72322)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Italy (Sardinia) Hemipatagus sp. (187430) Lovenia sp., Hemipatagus sp. (187431)
Altonian19.0 - 15.9New Zealand Lovenia tuberculata (155838 155840 155841 155842)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Australia (South Australia) Lovenia forbesi (88322)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Fiji Lovenia gigantea (68187 68300 68301 68314 68315) Lovenia gigantea, Lovenia similis (68313) Lovenia similis (68326)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Australia (Western Australia) Breynia carinata (63288 63294)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Maryland) Echinocardium marylandiense (70830 155893)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Belgium Loveniidae indet., Hemipatagus ocellatus (95167)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia (Borneo) Breynia sp. (41609)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia Breynia magna (70099)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Lovenia woodsi (154112)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.588Australia (South Australia) Lovenia woodsi (50343)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum, Echinocardium gothicum (35026)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Lovenia sp. (212751)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Virginia) Echinocardium orthonotum (155878 155883 155886 155887 155888 155889 155890 155891 155892)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium orthonotum (60940)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Echinocardium kelloggi (52582)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Japan (Akita) Echinocardium cordatum (204465)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588USA (California) Lovenia hemphilli (120820)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.588USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35027)
Piacenzian - Zanclean3.6 - 3.6Belgium Echinocardium cordatum (32146)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Taiwan Breynia testudinaria, Breynia cordata (72016)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Florida) Echinocardium orthonotum (35029)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (South Carolina) Echinocardium gothicus (92411)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Lovenia cardiformis (59063)