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Lima

Bivalvia - Pectinida - Limidae

Species
Glaucion, L. (Lima), L. (Lima) pelagica, L. (Mantellum), L. (Radula) baliana, L. (Radula) baungensis, L. (Radula) mungoensis, L. (Radula) skuphi, L. (Radula) subcumaunica, L. (Radula) valmariannae, L. (Regalilima), L. (Tirolidia), L. acuta, L. aequilatera, L. alpissordidae, L. alternans, L. amaxensis, L. appressa, L. areolaris, L. austriaca, L. azzarolae, L. balatonica, L. bassii, L. bela, L. blackburnei, L. bulloides, L. canalifera, L. cancellata, L. caribaea, L. cholla, L. cinnabarensis, L. clathrata, L. colorata, L. connectens, L. coodei, L. costata, L. costulata, L. cottaldina, L. delaunayi, L. densepunctata, L. dilleri, L. discus, L. distincta, L. eocenica, L. ericensis, L. espinal, L. exilis, L. flexicostata, L. fulgurans, L. geronimoensis, L. glacialis, L. goliath, L. goyoni, L. halensis, L. harrisiana, L. incurvostriata, L. iraonensis, L. kennedyi, L. kimballi, L. klipsteini, L. lima, L. lineata, L. lineatopunctatus, L. linguliformis, L. loczyi, L. martini, L. maxima, L. microtis, L. moeschi, L. multilineata, L. muralensis, L. nana, L. oliva, L. packardi, L. pangymna, L. parallela, L. paulula, L. paupercula, L. plicatula, L. polyactina, L. reniformis, L. retifera, L. robertsae, L. sayrei, L. schardti, L. shastensis, L. strigilis, L. subauriculata, L. subdensepunctata, L. subdistincta, L. subdupla, L. subpunctata, L. subretifera, L. succincta, L. taylorensis, L. telleri, L. tenuilineata, L. tetrica, L. transversa, L. vulgaris, L. williamsoni, L. xiangnanensis, L. zealandica, L. zitteli, Limigenus, Radula bernayi
Sister genera
Glaucion, Limigenus

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1797Lima Bruguière
1807Limigenus Renier
1815Glaucion Oken
1853Radula Mörch p. 56
1860Lima Holmes p. 11
1864Lima Meek p. 43
1895Lima Stanton p. 35
1904Lima Glenn p. 368
1922Lima Packard p. 421
1928Lima Nagao p. 40
1929Austrolima Iredale p. 61
1937Lima Popenoe p. 381
1938Lima Woodring p. 47
1944Lima Durham p. 139
1957Lima (Radula) Dartevelle and Freneix p. 97
1973Lima Vokes p. 87
1980Austrolima Vokes p. 61
1980Lima Vokes p. 61
1987Lima Moore p. C13
1990Lima Beu et al. p. 396
1992Lima Lamprell and Whitehead p. 36
1992Lima Squires and Demetrion p. 38
2001Lima Todd
2002Lima Marquet
2002Lima Sepkoski
2004Lima Spencer et al.
2010Lima Bouchet et al.
2010Radula Bouchet et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
RankNameAuthor
OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
OstreioniFerussac 1822
OstreataFerussac 1822
superorderOstreiformiiFerussac 1822
orderPectinida(Gray 1854)
suborderAnomiidinaGray 1854
Limoidei(Moore 1952)
superfamilyLimoidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyLimidaeRafinesque 1815
genusLimaBruguière 1797

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Lima Bruguière 1797
show all | hide all
Subg. Lima (Lima) Bruguiére 1796
+
Lima (Lima) rembangensis Pannekoek 1936
Lima (Lima) vedderi Moore 1977
Lima (Lima) pelagica Morton 1833
Subg. Lima (Mantellum) Röding 1798
+
Lima (Mantellum) duplicata Carle Sowerby 1827
Mantellum inconspicuum Marwick 1926
Subg. †Lima (Regalilima) Cox 1943
Subg. †Lima (Tirolidia) Bittner 1895
+
Lima (Tirolidia) cassiana Bittner 1895
Lima acuta Hyatt 1892
Lima aequilatera Buvignier 1852
Lima alpissordidae Winkler 1864
Lima alternans Bittner 1895
Lima amaxensis Yokoyama 1911
Lima appressa Gabb 1864
Lima areolaris Bittner 1895
Lima austriaca Bittner 1895
Lima azzarolae Stoppani 1865
Lima balatonica Bittner 1901
Lima bassii Tenison Woods 1877
Lima bela Dickerson 1917
Lima blackburnei Smith 1927
Lima bulloides Lamarck 1806
Lima canalifera Goldfuss 1836
Lima cancellata Bittner 1895
Lima caribaea d'Orbigny 1853
Lima cholla Stoyanow 1949
Lima cinnabarensis Stanton 1899
Lima clathrata Fang 1987
Lima colorata Hutton 1873
Lima connectens Gemmellaro 1896
Lima coodei Damon 1860
Lima costata Münster 1836
Lima costulata Roemer 1839
Lima cottaldina d'Orbigny 1847
Lima delaunayi Cossmann 1907
Lima densepunctata Roemer 1836
Lima dilleri Hyatt 1892
Lima discus Stoppani 1865
Lima distincta Bittner 1901
Lima eocenica Nagao 1928
Lima ericensis De Gregorio 1930
Lima espinal Stoyanow 1949
Lima exilis Wood 1839
Lima flexicostata Winckler 1861
Lima fulgurans Martin 1933
Lima geronimoensis Stephenson 1941
Lima glacialis Gmelin 1791
Lima goliath Sowerby 1883
Lima goyoni Fischer 1964
Lima halensis Dall 1916
Lima harrisiana Alrdrich 1910
Lima incurvostriata Gümbel 1889
Lima iraonensis Newton 1895
Lima kennedyi Squires and Demetrion 1992
Lima kimballi Smith 1927
Lima klipsteini Cossmann and Lambert 1884
Lima lima Linnaeus 1758
Lima lineata Schlotheim 1820
Lima lineatopunctatus Stoppani 1857
Lima linguliformis Tate 1886
Lima loczyi Bittner 1901
Lima martini Smith 1927
Lima maxima D'Archiac 1837
Lima microtis Gabb 1864
Lima moeschi Loriol 1881
Lima multilineata Stanton 1895
Lima muralensis Stoyanow 1949
Lima nana Fang 1987
Lima oliva Stoppani 1865
Lima packardi Weaver and Palmer 1922
Lima pangymna Cossmann 1907
Lima parallela Sowerby 1812
Lima paulula Bittner 1895
Lima paupercula Bittner 1895
Lima plicatula Wood 1839
Lima polyactina Tate 1886
Lima reniformis von Koenen 1897
Lima retifera Bittner 1895
Lima robertsae Durham 1944
Lima sayrei Stephenson 1941
Lima schardti de Loriol 1883
Lima shastensis Gabb 1869
Lima strigilis Bittner 1895
Lima subauriculata Montagu 1808
Lima subdensepunctata Futterer 1897
Lima subdistincta Kiparisova 1966
Lima subdupla Stoppani 1865
Lima subpunctata d'Orbigny 1849
Lima subretifera Gemmellaro 1896
Lima succincta Dumortier 1867
Lima taylorensis Hyatt 1892
Lima telleri Bittner 1895
Lima tenuilineata Fang 1987
Lima tetrica Gould 1851
Lima transversa Polubotko 1966
Lima vulgaris Link 1807
Lima williamsoni Marwick 1953
Lima xiangnanensis Fang 1987
Lima zealandica Sowerby 1876
Lima zitteli Broili 1904
Invalid names: Austrolima Iredale 1929 [synonym], Glaucion Oken 1815 [invalid subgroup], Limigenus Renier 1807 [invalid subgroup], Radula Mörch 1853 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
valve height1112.75.9830.911.17.67

Composition: aragonitef
Composition 2: low Mg calcitef
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Attached: yesf
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: EP, SE, BA, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 08:35:40
Modified: 2009-09-09 10:35:40
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Kasimovian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 307.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 298.9 Ma

Collections (821 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Kasimovian - Gzhelian307.0 - 298.9USA (Utah) L. sp. (39993)
Permian298.9 - 252.17USA (Alaska) L. sp. A, L. sp. B (112193) L. sp. B (112196)
Wordian268.8 - 265.1Russian Federation L. retiferiformis (197764)
Wordian268.8 - 265.1Italy L. connectens (108675) L. subretifera, L. connectens (108672)
Capitanian265.1 - 259.9China (Guangdong) L. sp. (113864)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17China (Hunan) L. clathrata (107824) L. clathrata, L. tenuilineata (107826) L. clathrata, L. xiangnanensis (101951) L. clathrata, L. xiangnanensis, L. tenuilineata, L. nana (107820)
Triassic252.17 - 201.3Vietnam (Tinh Lai Chau) L. joleaudi, L. subpunctata (77537)
Triassic252.17 - 201.3Italy (Belluno) L. haueriana (202354)
Olenekian251.2 - 247.2Japan L. sp. (115244 115245)
Olenekian - Anisian251.2 - 242.0Jordan (Janoobiah) L. lineata, L. costata (201986)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Austria Mysidioptera incurvostriata (99832)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Chile (Huasco) L. costata (223363)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0India (Uttarakhand) L. sp. (206204)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Chile (Atacama) L. costata (200772)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Austria (Innsbruck) L. cancellata (202274) Tirolidia cassianae (202275)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0India (Himachal Pradesh) L. lineata (206205)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Poland L. subpunctata, L. lineata, L. costata (63538)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Bosnia and Herzegovina L. sp. (206619 206722) L. subpunctata (206720)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Italy (Verona) L. valarsana (202355)
Bithynian - Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0Bulgaria L. costata (44917)