Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Crassostrea

Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae

Taxonomy
Crassostrea was named by Sacco (1897) [Sepkoski's age data: K Nc R Sepkoski's reference number: 159]. It is extant.

It was reranked as Ostrea (Crassostrea) by Dall (1909).

It was assigned to Ostrea by Dall (1909); to Ostreinae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Beu et al. (1990) and Ward (1992); to Crassostreinae by Moore (1987) and Lamprell and Healy (1998); to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); to Ostreidae by Bohm (1926), DuBar (1958), Tashiro and Kozai (1982), Moore (1984), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Chiesa et al. (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Todd (2001) and Spencer et al. (2004); and to Crassostreini by Squires (2018).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1897Crassostrea Sacco
1909Ostrea (Crassostrea) Dall p. 111
1926Crassostrea Bohm p. 57
1958Somalidacna Azzaroli p. 115
1958Crassostrea DuBar p. 158
1977Crassostrea Adegoke p. 248
1980Crassostrea Vokes p. 65
1982Crassostrea Dockery p. 53
1982Crassostrea Tashiro and Kozai p. 78
1982Crassostrea Woodring p. 610
1984Crassostrea Moore p. 28
1987Crassostrea Moore pp. C30, C35
1987Crassostrea Ward and Blackwelder p. 129
1990Crassostrea Beu et al. p. 396
1992Crassostrea Ward p. 76
1995Crassostrea Chiesa et al. p. 42
1998Crassostrea Lamprell and Healy p. 136
1999Crassostrea Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 25
2001Crassostrea Todd
2002Crassostrea Sepkoski
2004Crassostrea Spencer et al.
2018Crassostrea Squires p. 10

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
OstreioniFerussac 1822
OstreataFerussac 1822
superorderOstreiformiiFerussac 1822
orderOstreida(Fërussac 1822)
suborderOstreidina(Ferussac 1822)
superfamilyOstreoidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyOstreidaeRafinesque 1815
genusCrassostreaSacco 1897

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Crassostrea Sacco 1897
show all | hide all
Subg. †Crassostrea (Heterostrea) Jaworski 1913
Crassostrea afra Bohm 1926
Crassostrea angulata Sowerby 1840
Crassostrea ashleyi Hertlein 1943
+
Invalid names: Ostrea altatemblorensis Grant and Eaton in Eaton Grant and Allen 1941 [synonym], Ostrea arnoldi Adegoke 1969 [synonym], Ostrea hertleini Adegoke 1969 [synonym]
Crassostrea contracta Conrad 1865
Crassostrea cucullaris Lamarck 1819
Crassostrea cuebana Jung 1974
Crassostrea cyathula Lamarck 1806
+
Invalid names: Ostrea planicosta Deshayes 1832 [synonym]
Crassostrea englekyi Hertlein 1928
Crassostrea eucorrugata Nomland 1917
Crassostrea gigas Thunberg 1793 [giant Pacific oyster]
Crassostrea gryphoides Schlotheim 1813
+
Invalid names: Somalidacna lamellosa Azzaroli 1958 [synonym]
Crassostrea hatcheri Ihering 1899
Crassostrea laperrinei Lemoine 1910
Crassostrea patagonica d'Orbigny 1842
+
Invalid names: Ostrea ferrarisi d'Orbigny 1842 [synonym]
Crassostrea raincourti Deshayes 1858
Crassostrea sikamea Amemiya 1928
Crassostrea soudanensis Douvillé 1920
Crassostrea tectonica Squires 2018
Crassostrea tenera Sowerby 1819
Crassostrea titan Conrad 1853
+
Invalid names: Ostrea andersoni Adegoke 1969 [synonym], Ostrea ligminuta Grant and Eaton in Eaton Grant and Allen 1941 [synonym], Ostrea prior Grant and Eaton 1941 [synonym], Ostrea subjecta Conrad 1857 [synonym], Ostrea titan andersoni Adegoke 1969 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Ostrea maxima Hupé 1854 [synonym]
Crassostrea vaquerosensis Loel and Corey 1932
+
Crassostrea virginica auroraensis Ward and Blackwelder 1987
Ostrea virginica falconensis Hodson et al. 1927
Crassostrea virginica labellensis Olsson and Harbison 1953
Ostrea contracta amichel Gardner 1945
Invalid names: Ostrea titan corrugata Nomland 1917 [replaced], Somalidacna Azzaroli 1958 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitef
Environment: hypersaline, marine, brackishf
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesg
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: EP, IM, CE, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-08-18 17:09:48
Modified: 2009-08-18 19:09:48
Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2003

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Neocomian to the top of the Holocene or 145.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 130.0 Ma

Collections (715 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Neocomian145.0 - 130.0Japan (Yamaguchi) C. yoshimoensis, C. ryosekiensis (40511)
Albian113.0 - 100.5USA (Kansas) C. kiowana (1986 1995 2012 2014 2017 2020 2022 2024 2025 2036 2037 2039 2040 2041 2042 2049 2050 2051 2055 2056)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Japan C. kawauchidensis (123132 123133 123134 123156 123164 123165)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6USA (Texas) C. sp. (5195)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Japan C. kawauchidensis (87016 123154 123155 123167 123169 123171)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Japan C. kawauchidensis (122341 122342 122344 123126 123131)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Arizona) C. soleniscus (53488 53489 53491 53492 53503 54117 54155)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Arizona) C. soleniscus (53504 53511 56072)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (New Mexico) C. soleniscus (88811)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Japan C. sp. (219955)
Early/Lower Santonian85.8 - 83.5Japan C. sp. (114287 114565)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5Japan C. sp. (82330 82333 82347 82348 82372 82373 82374 82375 82377)
Piripauan85.8 - 83.5New Zealand C. dichotoma (78367 78374 78400 83514 83519 83525)
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian85.8 - 70.6USA (Georgia) C. cusseta (35289)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Japan C. sp. (82336 82341 82381 82383)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) C. cusseta (7468) C. trigonalis (7467)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) C. sp. (212187)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) C. tecticosta (3870)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) C. cortex (4526 4531 4534 4538 4540 4542 4543 4545 4549 4551 4553 4554 4555 4556 4560 4561 4565 4567 4568 4569 4570 4571 4574 4576 4577 4578 4579 4580 4582 4583 4584 4585 4586 4588 4589 4590 4591 4592 4600 4602 4603 4610 4612 4613 4614 4615 4616 4617 4618 4619 4621 4623 4624 4625 4627 4628 4629 4633 4635 4636)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) C. cortex (4261 4283) C. sp. (4286)