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Taxonomy
Crassostrea was named by Sacco (1897) [Sepkoski's age data: K Nc R Sepkoski's reference number: 159]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Ostrea (Crassostrea) by Dall (1909).
It was assigned to Ostrea by Dall (1909); to Ostreinae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Beu et al. (1990) and Ward (1992); to Crassostreinae by Moore (1987) and Lamprell and Healy (1998); to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); to Ostreidae by Bohm (1926), DuBar (1958), Tashiro and Kozai (1982), Moore (1984), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Chiesa et al. (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Todd (2001) and Spencer et al. (2004); and to Crassostreini by Squires (2018).
It was reranked as Ostrea (Crassostrea) by Dall (1909).
It was assigned to Ostrea by Dall (1909); to Ostreinae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Beu et al. (1990) and Ward (1992); to Crassostreinae by Moore (1987) and Lamprell and Healy (1998); to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); to Ostreidae by Bohm (1926), DuBar (1958), Tashiro and Kozai (1982), Moore (1984), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Chiesa et al. (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Todd (2001) and Spencer et al. (2004); and to Crassostreini by Squires (2018).
Species
C. (Heterostrea), C. afra, C. alabamiensis, C. angulata, C. ashleyi (syn. Ostrea altatemblorensis, Ostrea arnoldi, Ostrea hertleini), C. columbiensis, C. contracta, C. corteziensis, C. cucullaris, C. cuebana, C. cyathula (syn. Ostrea planicosta), C. cymaeformis, C. englekyi, C. eucorrugata (syn. Ostrea titan corrugata), C. gigas, C. gryphoides (syn. Somalidacna lamellosa), C. hatcheri, C. kawauchidensis, C. laperrinei, C. patagonica (syn. Ostrea ferrarisi), C. raincourti, C. rhizophorae, C. rutiformis, C. sikamea, C. soudanensis, C. tectonica, C. tenera, C. titan (syn. Ostrea subjecta, Ostrea andersoni, Ostrea prior, Ostrea titan andersoni, Ostrea ligminuta), C. transitoria (syn. Ostrea maxima), C. vaquerosensis, C. virginica
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1897 | Crassostrea Sacco |
1909 | Ostrea (Crassostrea) Dall p. 111 |
1926 | Crassostrea Bohm p. 57 |
1958 | Somalidacna Azzaroli p. 115 |
1958 | Crassostrea DuBar p. 158 |
1977 | Crassostrea Adegoke p. 248 |
1980 | Crassostrea Vokes p. 65 |
1982 | Crassostrea Dockery p. 53 |
1982 | Crassostrea Tashiro and Kozai p. 78 |
1982 | Crassostrea Woodring p. 610 |
1984 | Crassostrea Moore p. 28 |
1987 | Crassostrea Moore pp. C30, C35 |
1987 | Crassostrea Ward and Blackwelder p. 129 |
1990 | Crassostrea Beu et al. p. 396 |
1992 | Crassostrea Ward p. 76 |
1995 | Crassostrea Chiesa et al. p. 42 |
1998 | Crassostrea Lamprell and Healy p. 136 |
1999 | Crassostrea Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 25 |
2001 | Crassostrea Todd |
2002 | Crassostrea Sepkoski |
2004 | Crassostrea Spencer et al. |
2018 | Crassostrea Squires p. 10 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Crassostrea Sacco 1897
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Subg. †Crassostrea (Heterostrea) Jaworski 1913
†Crassostrea afra Bohm 1926
†Crassostrea alabamiensis Lea 1833
†Crassostrea angulata Sowerby 1840
†Crassostrea ashleyi Hertlein 1943
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Invalid names: Ostrea altatemblorensis Grant and Eaton in Eaton Grant and Allen 1941 [synonym], Ostrea arnoldi Adegoke 1969 [synonym], Ostrea hertleini Adegoke 1969 [synonym]
Crassostrea columbiensis Hanley 1846
†Crassostrea contracta Conrad 1865
Crassostrea corteziensis Hertlein 1951
†Crassostrea cucullaris Lamarck 1819
†Crassostrea cucullaris lamellaris Deshayes 1832
†Crassostrea cuebana Jung 1974
†Crassostrea cymaeformis Bohm 1926
†Crassostrea englekyi Hertlein 1928
†Crassostrea eucorrugata Nomland 1917
Crassostrea gigas Thunberg 1793 [giant Pacific oyster]
†Crassostrea gryphoides Schlotheim 1813
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Invalid names: Somalidacna lamellosa Azzaroli 1958 [synonym]
†Crassostrea hatcheri Ihering 1899
†Crassostrea kawauchidensis Tamura 1977
†Crassostrea laperrinei Lemoine 1910
†Crassostrea raincourti Deshayes 1858
Crassostrea rhizophorae Guilding 1828
†Crassostrea rutiformis Bohm 1926
Crassostrea sikamea Amemiya 1928
†Crassostrea soudanensis Douvillé 1920
†Crassostrea tectonica Squires 2018
†Crassostrea tenera Sowerby 1819
†Crassostrea titan Conrad 1853
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Invalid names: Ostrea andersoni Adegoke 1969 [synonym], Ostrea ligminuta Grant and Eaton in Eaton Grant and Allen 1941 [synonym], Ostrea prior Grant and Eaton 1941 [synonym], Ostrea subjecta Conrad 1857 [synonym], Ostrea titan andersoni Adegoke 1969 [synonym]
†Crassostrea vaquerosensis Loel and Corey 1932
Crassostrea virginica Gmelin 1791
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†Crassostrea virginica auroraensis Ward and Blackwelder 1987
†Ostrea virginica falconensis Hodson et al. 1927
†Crassostrea virginica labellensis Olsson and Harbison 1953
†Ostrea contracta amichel Gardner 1945
Invalid names: Ostrea titan corrugata Nomland 1917 [replaced], Somalidacna Azzaroli 1958 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class | |||||
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2003 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Neocomian to the top of the Holocene or 145.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 130.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 130.0 Ma
Collections (715 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Neocomian | Japan (Yamaguchi) | C. yoshimoensis, C. ryosekiensis (40511) | |
Albian | USA (Kansas) | C. kiowana (1986 1995 2012 2014 2017 2020 2022 2024 2025 2036 2037 2039 2040 2041 2042 2049 2050 2051 2055 2056) | |
Albian | Japan | C. kawauchidensis (123132 123133 123134 123156 123164 123165) | |
Late/Upper Albian | USA (Texas) | C. sp. (5195) | |
Cenomanian | Japan | C. kawauchidensis (87016 123154 123155 123167 123169 123171) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | Japan | C. kawauchidensis (122341 122342 122344 123126 123131) | |
Late/Upper Cenomanian | USA (Arizona) | C. soleniscus (53488 53489 53491 53492 53503 54117 54155) | |
Middle Turonian | USA (Arizona) | C. soleniscus (53504 53511 56072) | |
Middle Turonian | USA (New Mexico) | C. soleniscus (88811) | |
Santonian | Japan | C. sp. (219955) | |
Early/Lower Santonian | Japan | C. sp. (114287 114565) | |
Late/Upper Santonian | Japan | C. sp. (82330 82333 82347 82348 82372 82373 82374 82375 82377) | |
Piripauan | New Zealand | C. dichotoma (78367 78374 78400 83514 83519 83525) | |
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian | USA (Georgia) | C. cusseta (35289) | |
Early/Lower Campanian | Japan | C. sp. (82336 82341 82381 82383) | |
Middle Campanian | USA (Texas) | C. cusseta (7468) C. trigonalis (7467) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | C. sp. (212187) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (New Jersey) | C. tecticosta (3870) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Texas) | C. cortex (4526 4531 4534 4538 4540 4542 4543 4545 4549 4551 4553 4554 4555 4556 4560 4561 4565 4567 4568 4569 4570 4571 4574 4576 4577 4578 4579 4580 4582 4583 4584 4585 4586 4588 4589 4590 4591 4592 4600 4602 4603 4610 4612 4613 4614 4615 4616 4617 4618 4619 4621 4623 4624 4625 4627 4628 4629 4633 4635 4636) | |
Early/Lower Maastrichtian | USA (Alabama) | C. cortex (4261 4283) C. sp. (4286) |