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Ctenacanthidae

Chondrichthyes - Ctenacanthiformes - Ctenacanthidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1909Ctenacanthidae Dean
1928Anodontacanthus ruthenorum Chabakov p. 128 fig. 1
1981Ctenacanthidae Thurmond and Jones p. 38
1981Ctenacanthidae Zangerl p. 51
2001Ctenacanthidae Williams p. 215
2004Ctenacanthidae Goto and Okura p. 217
2006Ctenacanthidae Duffin and Ginter p. 254
2010Ctenacanthidae Ginter et al. p. 68
2016Ctenacanthidae Nelson et al. p. 46

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classChondrichthyes
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassEuselachii()
orderCtenacanthiformes(Cappetta 1988)
familyCtenacanthidaeDean 1909
familyCtenacanthidaeDean 1909

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Ctenacanthidae Dean 1909
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G. †Acondylacanthus John and Worthen 1875
+
†Acondylacanthus aequicostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Acondylacanthus browni Branson 1916
†Acondylacanthus colei Davis 1883
†Acondylacanthus gracilis Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Acondylacanthus gracillimus Newberry and Worthen 1866
+
Invalid names: Ctenacanthus cannaliratus Stjohn and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym]
†Acondylacanthus mudgianus Saint John and Worthen 1883
†Acondylacanthus nuperus St John and Worthen 1883
†Acondylacanthus rectus Saint John and Worthen 1883
G. †Bythiacanthus StJohn and Worthen 1875
+
†Bythiacanthus brevis Agassiz 1836
†Bythiacanthus ianishevskyi Khabakob 1926
†Bythiacanthus lucasi Eastman 1902
†Bythiacanthus siderius Leidy 1870
†Bythiacanthus solidus Eastman 1903
†Bythiacanthus vanhornei StJohn and Worthen 1875
G. †Cladodoides Maisey 2001
G. †Cladodus Agassiz 1843
+
†Cladodus acuminatus Newberry 1856
†Cladodus alternatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus angulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus bellifer St John and Worthen 1875
+
Invalid names: Cladodus praenuntius St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym]
†Cladodus claypolei Hay 1899
+
Invalid names: Cladodus magnificus Claypole 1894 [replaced]
†Cladodus concinnus Newberry 1875
†Cladodus coniger Hay 1899
+
Invalid names: Cladodus carinatus Newberry 1889 [replaced]
†Cladodus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus deflexus Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Cladodus elegans Newberry and Worthen 1870
+
Invalid names: Cladodus intercostatus St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym], Cladodus mucronatus Davis 1883 [synonym]
†Cladodus euglypheus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus exiguus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus exilis Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus fulleri Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus gomphoides Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus gracilis Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus hertzeri Newberry 1875
†Cladodus ischypus Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Cladodus keokuk Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus lamnoides Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus marginatus Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Cladodus acutus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Cladodus laevis M'Coy 1848 [synonym]
†Cladodus micropus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus mirabilis Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Cladodus basalis Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus splendens Newberry 1897 [synonym]
†Cladodus monroei Eastman 1900
†Cladodus newmani Tuomey 1858
†Cladodus pandatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus parvulus Newberry 1875
†Cladodus pattersoni Newberry 1875
†Cladodus politus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus raricostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus rivipetrosi Claypole 1893
†Cladodus robustus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus romingeri Newberry 1875
†Cladodus subulatus Newberry 1875
†Cladodus terrelli Newberry 1899
†Cladodus tumidus Newberry 1899
†Cladodus turritus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Cladodus vanhornei St John and Worthen 1875
†Cladodus zygopus Newberry and Worthen 1866
Invalid names: Cladodus conicus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Cladodus curvus Davis 1883 [nomen dubium], Cladodus milleri Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Cladodus parvus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Styptobasis Cope 1891 [synonym]
G. †Cratoselache Woodward 1924
G. †Ctenacanthus Agassiz 1836
+
†Ctenacanthus abnormis Giebel 1858
†Ctenacanthus acutus Eastman 1897
†Ctenacanthus angulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Ctenacanthus angustus Newberry 1889
†Ctenacanthus burlingtonensis Stjohn and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus buttersi St John and Worthen 1883
†Ctenacanthus chemungensis Claypole 1885
†Ctenacanthus clarkii Newberry 1889
†Ctenacanthus cliftonensis Branson and Mehl 1938
†Ctenacanthus compressus Newberry 1889
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Invalid names: Ctenacanthus clarki Newberry 1889 [synonym]
†Ctenacanthus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Ctenacanthus coxianus Stjohn and Worthen 1883
†Ctenacanthus cylindricus Newberry 1889
†Ctenacanthus decussatus Eastman 1902
†Ctenacanthus depressus Newberry 1897
†Ctenacanthus elegans Tuomey 1858
†Ctenacanthus excavatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus fallax Woodward 1891
†Ctenacanthus formosus Newberry 1873
†Ctenacanthus furcicarinatus Newberry 1875
†Ctenacanthus gemmatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus gracillimus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Ctenacanthus gradocostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus gurleyi Newberry 1897
†Ctenacanthus keokuk Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus laevis Davis 1883
†Ctenacanthus littoni Newberry 1889
†Ctenacanthus major Agassiz 1836
+
Invalid names: Ctenacanthus deflexus St. John and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus harrisoni St. John and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus maximus de Koninck 1878 [synonym], Ctenacanthus salopiensis Davis 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus spectabilis St. John and Worthen 1875 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus tenuistriatus Agassiz 1836 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus varians St. John and Worthen 1875 [objective synonym]
†Ctenacanthus marshii Newberry 1873
†Ctenacanthus mayi Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Ctenacanthus minor Davis 1879
†Ctenacanthus mutabilis Branson 1933
†Ctenacanthus ornatus Agassiz 1836
†Ctenacanthus pellensis Saint John and Worthen 1883
†Ctenacanthus pugiunculus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus randalli Newberry 1889
†Ctenacanthus sculptus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus similis Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus speciosus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Ctenacanthus triangularis Newberry 1873
†Ctenacanthus venustus Eastman 1902
†Ctenacanthus vetustus Newberry 1873
†Ctenacanthus wrighti Newberry 1884
†Ctenacanthus xiphias Saint John and Worthen 1883
Invalid names: Ctenacanthus crenatus McCoy 1855 [nomen dubium], Ctenacanthus crenulatus Agassiz 1837 [nomen nudum]
G. †Glikmanius Ginter et al. 2005
+
†Glikmanius culmenis Koot et al. 2013
†Glikmanius myachkovensis Lebedev 2001
+
Invalid names: Cladodus girtyi Hay 1900 [synonym], Cladodus mortifer Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Phoebodus knightianus Eastman 1903 [synonym]
G. †Glymmatacanthus StJohn and Worhten 1875
+
†Glymmatacanthus irishii StJohn et al. 1883
†Glymmatacanthus petrodoides StJohn et al. 1883
†Glymmatacanthus rudis StJohn et al. 1883
G. †Tamiobatis Eastman 1897
+
†Tamiobatis springeri St. John and Worthen 1875
†Tamiobatis succinctus St. John and Worthen 1875
†Tamiobatis vetustus Eastman 1897
†Tamiobatis wachsmuthi St. John and Worthen 1875
Invalid names: Anodontacanthus ruthenorum Chabakov 1928 [nomen nudum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-21 06:57:49
Modified: 2009-07-21 08:57:49
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023

Age range: base of the Emsian to the top of the Rhaetian or 407.60000 to 201.30000 Ma

Collections (149 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Emsian - Eifelian407.6 - 387.7Brazil (Piaui) Ctenacanthus sp. (37126 37128)
Late/Upper Frasnian379.5 - 376.1Russian Federation (Komi) Ctenacanthidae indet. (133353)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Afghanistan (Kabul) Cladodus sp. (232508)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Belarus (Homel) Ctenacanthidae indet. (232528)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Ctenacanthus compressus (90676 90677) Tamiobatis vetustus (90624)
Middle Famennian370.6 - 364.7Russian Federation (Komi) Ctenacanthidae indet. (133358 133359)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0USA (Indiana) Cladodus springeri (6730)
Early/Lower Mississippian358.9 - 346.7USA (Alabama) Ctenacanthus elegans (84108)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Belarus (Homel) Ctenacanthidae indet. (232531 232533)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai) Cladodus sp., Ctenacanthidae indet. (232962)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Russian Federation Ctenacanthidae indet. (133363)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2United Kingdom Acondylacanthus distrans, Ctenacanthus laevis, Ctenacanthus pustulatus, Acondylacanthus attenuatus, Acondylacanthus colei, Acondylacanthus tenuistriatus (137333) Ctenacanthus crenatus, Cladodus mirabilis, Cladodus laevis, Ctenacanthus distans (132781) Ctenacanthus denticulatus (137332)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Alabama) Cladodus newmani (84103)
Visean346.7 - 330.9Belarus (Homel) Ctenacanthidae indet. (232527)
Meramecian343.0 - 335.5USA (Nevada) Cladodus sp. (62674 62842)
Asbian340.0 - 336.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Ctenacanthidae indet. (230471 230473 230474 230477 230478 230479 230480)
Serpukhovian330.9 - 323.2USA (Montana) Ctenacanthus indet. (5621) Ctenacanthus indet., Cladodus sp. (5641)
Arnsbergian327.0 - 323.7USA (Montana) Cladodus sp. (227065)
Bashkirian323.2 - 315.2United Kingdom (England) Cladodus mirabilis (132670)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9Ireland Ctenacanthus denticulatus (132785)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Indiana) Symmorium reniforme (131614 132119 132120 132157 132182 132185 132194 132197 132226 132227 132239 132282 133408 133409 133412 133414)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (New Mexico) Bythiacanthus sp. (149385)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Illinois) Ctenacanthus buttersi (132297) Styptobasis aculeata (132163) Symmorium reniforme (133406)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (indiana) Symmorium reniforme (132245)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Colorado) Bythiacanthus sp. 1, Bythiacanthus sp. 2, Ctenacanthus buttersi, Acondylacanthus nuperus, Ctenacanthus furcicarinatus (132302) Ctenacanthus buttersi (132298 132299 132300 132301 132303)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Japan Cladodus sp. 1, Cladodus sp. 2, Cladodus sp. 3, Cladodus sp. 4 (90282)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Greenland Ctenacanthus sp. (90245)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Arizona) Cladodus occidentalis (90772)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Russian Federation Cladodus lamnoides (132707) Symmorium reniforme (121038 121039)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (South Dakota) Cladodus sp. (132341)
Moscovian - Kasimovian315.2 - 303.7United Kingdom Ctenacanthus minor (132867)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Nebraska) Cladodus mortifer (132676) Cladodus occidentalis (132967 133262 133263) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (132978 133265) Phoebodus knightianus (133268)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (New Mexico) Ctenacanthus sp., Symmorium reniforme (130312)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Kansas) Cladodus occidentalis, Bythiacanthus sp. (132333) Ctenacanthus sp., Cladodus sp. (117102)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Nebraska) Glikmanius myachkovensis (149380)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Kansas) Ctenacanthidae indet. (120926)
Noginskian301.2 - 300.1USA (Kansas) Cladodus sp. (11789 11866 11958)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5USA (Texas) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (132657)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5Bolivia Cladodus sp. (118107)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5USA (Kansas) Cladodus sp. (12111 12115) Cladodus sp., Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (132373) Ctenacanthus sp., Cladodus sp., Cladodus occidentalis (132372)
Cisuralian298.9 - 273.01USA (Texas) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (149353)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Oman Glikmanius myachkovensis (140654)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3Greenland Cladodus sp. (90246)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3USA (Nebraska) Phoebodus knightianus (149351)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3USA (Kansas) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (149352)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3Svalbard and Jan Mayen Cladodus sp. (212502)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 272.3USA (Texas) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (85299) Glikmanius occidentalis (117094)
Leonardian286.0 - 273.01USA (Oklahoma) Ctenacanthus sp. (84941)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Brazil (Santa Catarina) Ctenacanthus gondwanus (232547)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Brazil (Maranhao) Ctenacanthidae indet. (192146)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Arizona) Glikmanius occidentalis, Glikmanius myachkovensis (132087)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Texas) Glikmanius occidentalis (117092)
Kazanian272.5 - 268.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Ctenacanthus sp. (232544)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8Russian Federation Anodontacanthus ruthenorum (149546) Ctenacanthus sp. (164808)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Arizona) Glikmanius occidentalis, Glikmanius myachkovensis (132091)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Wyoming) Cladodus occidentalis, Ctenacanthus browni, Ctenacanthus obscuracostatus (128880) Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias (149345)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8Japan Symmorium sp. (90286)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Oman Glikmanius myachkovensis (121856 121860 140659 140662 140667 140668 140669 140670 140673) Glikmanius myachkovensis, Glikmanius culmenis (121857 123785 140655 140657 140658 140660 140661 140664 140665 140666)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Japan Glikmanius occidentalis (117864)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17Greenland Cladodus sp. (122144)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17USA (Wyoming) Cladodus occidentalis, Ctenacanthus browni (90235) Ctenacanthus mutabilis (90236)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17Germany Ctenacanthus sp. (96856 130037 130038 130039 149494)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17India (Kashmir) Ctenacanthus ishii (48994 115374 115375)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17China (Zhejiang) C. sp. (119813)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0India (Madhya Pradesh) Cladodus sp. (105292 173722 207798)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Belgium (Gaume) Ctenacanthidae indet. (139198 139199 139204)