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Afroinsectivora

Mammalia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
2001Afroinsectivora Waddell et al. p. 148 figs. Figure 3
2007Afroinsectivora Seiffert
2010Afroinsectivora Asher and Helgen p. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
Afroinsectiphilia
Afroinsectivora
Afroinsectivora

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Afroinsectivora Waddell et al. 2001
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Or. Macroscelidea Butler 1956 [elephant shrew]
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Fm. †Adapisoricidae Schlosser 1887
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G. †Adapisorex Lemoine 1883
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Adapisorex gaudryi Lemoine 1883
G. †Adunator Russell 1964
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Adunator abditus Secord 2008
Adunator amplus Secord 2008
Adunator fredericki Rigby, Jr. 1980
Adunator ladae Simpson 1935
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Invalid names: Mckennatherium libitum Van Valen 1965 [synonym]
Adunator lehmani Russell 1964
Adunator martinezi Rigby, Jr. 1980
Adunator meizon Gingerich 1983
Adunator minutus Jepsen 1930
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Invalid names: Scenopagus proavus Winterfeld 1982 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mckennatherium Van Valen 1965 [synonym]
Fm. †Afrohypselodontidae Senut and Pickford 2021
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G. †Afrohypselodontus Senut and Pickford 2021
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Afrohypselodontus grandis Senut and Pickford 2021
Afrohypselodontus minus Senut and Pickford 2021
Fm. †Amphilemuridae Hill 1953
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G. †Alsaticopithecus Hürzeler 1947
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Alsaticopithecus leemani Hürzeler 1947
Alsaticopithecus leemanni Hürzeler 1947
G. †Amphilemur Heller 1935
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Amphilemur eocaenicus Heller 1935
G. †Gesneropithex Hürzeler 1946
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Gesneropithex fingularis Hooker 1986
Gesneropithex peyeri Hürzeler 1946
Subfm. †Hylomysoidinae Tong and Wang 2006
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G. †Hylomysoides Tong and Wang 2006
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Hylomysoides qiensis Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Qilulestes Tong and Wang 2006
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Qilulestes schieboutae Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Macrocranion Weitzel 1949
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Macrocranion junnei Smith et al. 2002
Macrocranion nitens Matthew 1918
Macrocranion robinsoni Krishtalka and Setoguchi 1977
Macrocranion tenerum Tobien 1962
Macrocranion tupaiodon Weitzel 1949
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Invalid names: Dormaalius simonsi Quinet 1964 [synonym]
Invalid names: Aculeodens Weitzel 1949 [synonym], Dormaalius Quinet 1964 [synonym]
G. †Neomatronella Russell et al. 1975
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Neomatronella gassoni Hooker 2010
Neomatronella luciannae Russell et al. 1975
G. †Pholidocercus von Koenigswald and Storch 1983
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Pholidocercus hassiacus von Koenigswald and Storch 1983
G. †Zionodon Dunn and Rasmussen 2009
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Zionodon satanus Dunn and Rasmussen 2009
Zionodon walshi Dunn and Rasmussen 2009
Invalid names: Amphilemurinae Hill 1953 [empty], Dormaaliidae Quinet 1964 [synonym]
Fm. †Apheliscidae Matthew 1918
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G. †Aletodon Gingerich 1977
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Aletodon conardae Winterfeld 1982
Aletodon gunnelli Gingerich 1977
Aletodon mellon Van Valen 1978
Aletodon quadravus Gingerich 1983
Subfm. †Apheliscinae Matthew 1918
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G. †Parapheliscus Van Valen 1967
G. †Apheliscus Cope 1875
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Apheliscus chydaeus Gingerich 1994
Apheliscus insidiosus Cope 1874
Apheliscus nitidus Simpson 1937
Apheliscus wapitiensis Van Valen 1967
G. †Dorraletes Gingerich 1983
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G. †Gingerichia Zack et al. 2005
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Gingerichia geoteretes Zack et al. 2005
Gingerichia hystrix Zack et al. 2005
G. †Haplaletes Simpson 1935
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Haplaletes andakupensis Van Valen 1978
Haplaletes disceptatrix Simpson 1935
Haplaletes pelicatus Gazin 1956
G. †Haplomylus Matthew 1915
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Haplomylus bozemanensis Robinson and Williams 1997
Haplomylus meridionalis Beard and Dawson 2009
Haplomylus palustris Gingerich 1994
Haplomylus scottianus Gingerich 1994
Haplomylus simpsoni Rose 1981
Haplomylus zalmouti Gingerich and Smith 2006
G. †Litomylus Simpson 1935
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Litomylus aequidens Matthew 1937
Litomylus dissentaneus Simpson 1935
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Invalid names: Litomylus osceolae Van Valen 1978 [synonym], Litomylus scaphiscus Gazin 1956 [synonym]
Litomylus grandaletes Scott et al. 2002
Litomylus ishami Gazin 1956
Litomylus orthronepius Johnston and Fox 1984
Litomylus scaphicus Gazin 1956
Subfm. †Louisininae Sudre and Russell 1982
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G. †Khamsaconus Sudre et al. 1993
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Khamsaconus bulbosus Sudre et al. 1993
G. †Phenacodaptes Jepsen 1930
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Phenacodaptes sabulosus Jepsen 1930
G. †Utemylus Gingerich 1983
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Utemylus latomius Gingerich 1983
Utemylus serior Gazin 1956
G. †Litocherus Gingerich 1983
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Litocherus lacunatus Gazin 1956
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Invalid names: Litomylus alphamon Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
Litocherus notissimus Simpson 1936
Litocherus zygeus Gingerich 1983
Fm. †Louisinidae Hooker and Russell 2012
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G. †Berrulestes Hooker and Russell 2012
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Berrulestes pellouini Hooker and Russell 2012
Berrulestes phelizoni Hooker and Russell 2012
Berrulestes poirieri Hooker and Russell 2012
G. †Cingulodon De Bast and Smith 2017
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Cingulodon magioncaldai De Bast and Smith 2017
G. †Dipavali Van Valen 1978
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Dipavali petri Russell 1964
G. †Gigarton Hooker and Russell 2012
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Gigarton louisi Hooker and Russell 2012
Gigarton meyeri Hooker and Russell 2012
Gigarton sigogneauae Hooker and Russell 2012
G. †Louisina Russell 1964
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Louisina marci Hooker and Russell 2012
Louisina mirabilis Russell 1964
G. †Monshyus Sudre and Russell 1982
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Monshyus praevius Sudre and Russell 1982
G. †Prolouisina Hooker and Russell 2012
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Prolouisina atavella Russell 1964
G. †Thryptodon Hooker and Russell 2012
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Thryptodon brailloni Hooker and Russell 2012
G. †Walbeckodon Hooker and Russell 2012
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Walbeckodon girardi Hooker and Russell 2012
Walbeckodon krumbiegeli Hooker and Russell 2012
Fm. Macroscelididae Bonaparte 1838 [elephant shrew]
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Subfm. †Herodotiinae Simons et al. 1991
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G. †Chambius Hartenberger 1986
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Chambius kasserinensis Hartenberger 1986
G. †Eotmantsoius Tabuce et al. 2012
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Eotmantsoius perseverans Simons et al. 1991
G. †Herodotius Simons et al. 1991
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Herodotius pattersoni Simons et al. 1991
G. †Nementchatherium Tabuce et al. 2001
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Nementchatherium rathbuni Tabuce et al. 2012
Nementchatherium senarhense Tabuce et al. 2001
Subfm. Macroscelidinae Bonaparte 1838
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Tr. Elephantulini Dumbacher et al. 2016
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G. Elephantulus Thomas and Schwann 1906
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Invalid names: Elephantomys Broom 1938 [synonym]
G. †Hiwegicyon Butler 1984
G. Nasilio Thomas and Schwann 1906
G. †Palaeothentoides Stromer 1932
Tr. Macroscelidini Bonaparte 1838
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G. Macroscelides Smith
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Invalid names: Diposorex Blainville 1838 [synonym], Eumerus Saint-Hilaire 1829 [synonym], Macroscelis Fischer 1830 [synonym], Rhinomys Lichtenstein 1831 [synonym]
G. †Metoldobotes Schlosser 1910
G. Petrodromus Peters 1846
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Invalid names: Cercoctenus Hollister 1916 [synonym], Mesoctenus Thomas 1918 [synonym]
G. Petrosaltator Dumbacher et al. 2016
G. †Miosengi Grossman and Holroyd 2009 [sengi]
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Miosengi butleri Grossman and Holroyd 2009
G. †Pronasilio Butler 1984
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Pronasilio ternanensis Butler 1984
Invalid names: Rhynchocyonini Gill 1872 [empty]
Subfm. †Mylomygalinae Camp et al. 1953
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G. †Mylomygale Broom 1948
Subfm. †Namasenginae Senut and Pickford 2021
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G. †Namasengi Senut and Pickford 2021
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Namasengi mockeae Senut and Pickford 2021
Fm. †Myohyracidae Andrews 1914
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G. †Myohyrax Andrews 1914
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Myohyrax oswaldi Andrews 1914
G. †Promyohyrax Senut and Pickford 2021
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Promyohyrax namibiensis Senut and Pickford 2021
G. †Protypotheroides Stromer 1922
Fm. †Rhynchocyonidae Gill 1872
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G. †Brevirhynchocyon Senut and Pickford 2021
G. †Eorhynchocyon Senut and Pickford 2021
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Eorhynchocyon rupestris Senut and Pickford 2021
G. †Hypsorhynchocyon Senut 2008
G. †Miorhynchocyon Butler 1984
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Miorhynchocyon clarki Butler and Hopwood 1957
Miorhynchocyon meswae Butler 1984
G. Rhynchocyon Peters 1847
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Rhynchocyon chrysopygus Günther 1881 [Golden-rumped elephant shrew]
Rhynchocyon cirnei Peters 1847
Rhynchocyon clarki Butler and Hopwood 1957
Rhynchocyon petersi Bocage 1880
Rhynchocyon rusingae Butler 1969
Invalid names: Rhinonax Thomas 1918 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dipogales Murray 1866 [synonym]
Superfm. Tenrecoidea McDowell 1958
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Fm. Chrysochloridae Gray 1825 [golden mole]
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G. Amblysomus Pomel 1848 [African golden mole]
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Invalid names: Calcochloris Mivart 1867 [synonym], Chrysotrica Broom 1907 [synonym], Huetia Forcart 1942 [synonym]
G. Carpitalpa Lundholm 1955 [Arend's golden mole]
G. Chlorotalpa Roberts 1924
G. Chrysochloris Lacépède 1799 [Cape golden mole]
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Subg. Chrysochloris (Chrysochloris) Lacépède 1799
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Chrysochloris (Chrysochloris) visagiei Broom 1950 [Visagies golden mole]
Subg. Chrysochloris (Kilimatalpa) Lundholm 1955
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Chrysochloris (Kilimatalpa) stuhlmanni Matschie 1894 [Stuhlmanns golden mole]
Chrysochloris arenosa Asher and Avery 2010
Chrysochloris asiatica Linnaeus 1758 [Cape golden mole]
Chrysochloris bronneri Asher and Avery 2010
Invalid names: Aspalax Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Chrysoris Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Ducantalpa Boitard 1842 [synonym], Engyscopus Gistel 1848 [synonym], Kilimatalpa Lundholm 1955 [synonym]
G. Chrysospalax Gill 1883 [giant golden mole]
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Chrysospalax trevelyani Günther 1875 [Giant golden mole]
Chrysospalax villosus Smith 1833 [Rough-haired golden mole]
Invalid names: Bematiscus Cope 1892 [synonym]
G. Cryptochloris Shortridge and Carter 1938
G. †Damarachloris Pickford 2019
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Damarachloris primaevus Pickford 2019
G. †Diamantochloris Pickford 2015
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Diamantochloris inconcessus Pickford 2015
G. Eremitalpa Roberts 1924 [Grant's golden mole]
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Eremitalpa granti Broom 1907 [Grants golden mole]
G. †Namachloris Pickford 2015
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Namachloris arenatans Pickford 2015
G. Neamblysomus Roberts 1924
G. †Proamblysomus Broom 1941
Subfm. †Prochrysochlorinae Butler 1984
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G. †Prochrysochloris Butler and Hopwood 1957
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Prochrysochloris miocaenicus Butler and Hopwood 1957
Invalid names: Amblysominae Simonetta 1957 [synonym], Chrysochlorinae [empty], Eremitalpinae Simonetta 1957 [synonym]
G. †Plesiorycteropus Filhol 1895
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Invalid names: Majoria Thomas 1915 [synonym]
Fm. Potamogalidae Allman 1866
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G. †Namagale Pickford 2015
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Namagale grandis Pickford 2015
G. Potamogale Du Chaillu 1860
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Potamogale velox Du Chaillu 1860 [giant otter shrew]
Invalid names: Bayonia Barboza du Bocage 1865 [synonym], Mythomys Gray 1861 [objective synonym]
G. †Qatranilestes Seiffert 2010
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Qatranilestes oligocaenus Seiffert 2010
Fm. Tenrecidae Gray 1821 [tenrec]
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G. †Arenagale Pickford 2015
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Arenagale calcareus Pickford 2015
G. Echinops Martin 1838 [lesser hedgehog tenrec]
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Echinops telfairi Martin 1838 [lesser hedgehog tenrec]
G. Geogale Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 1872 [large-eared tenrec]
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Geogale aletris Butler and Hopwood 1957
Geogale aurita Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 1872 [Large-eared tenrec]
Invalid names: Cryptogale Grandidier 1928 [synonym]
Subfm. †Geogalinae Trouessart 1879
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G. †Parageogale Butler 1984
G. Limnogale Major 1896
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Limnogale mergulus Major 1896 [web-footed tenrec]
G. Microgale Thomas 1882 [shrew tenrec]
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Microgale talazaci Major 1896 [Talazacs shrew tenrec]
Invalid names: Leptogale Thomas 1918 [synonym], Nesogale Thomas 1918 [synonym], Paramicrogale Grandidier and Petit 1931 [synonym]
G. †Ndamathaia Jacobs et al. 1987
Subfm. Oryzorictinae Dobson 1882
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G. Oryzorictes Grandidier 1870
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Oryzorictes hova Grandidier 1870 [Mole-like rice tenrec]
Oryzorictes tetradactylus Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 1882 [Four-toed rice tenrec]
Invalid names: Nesoryctes Thomas 1918 [synonym]
Subfm. †Potamogalinae
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G. Micropotamogale Heim de Balsac 1954
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Micropotamogale lamottei Heim de Balsac 1954 [Nimba otter shrew]
Micropotamogale ruwenzorii de Witte and Frechkop 1955 [Ruwenzori otter shrew]
Invalid names: Kivugale Kretzoi 1961 [synonym], Mesopotamogale Heim de Balsac 1956 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mystomyidae Cope 1883 [synonym]
G. †Promicrogale Pickford 2018
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Promicrogale namibiensis Pickford 2018
Subfm. †Protenrecinae Butler 1969
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G. †Erythrozootes Butler and Hopwood 1957
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Erythrozootes chamerpes Butler and Hopwood 1957
G. †Protenrec Butler and Hopwood 1957
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Protenrec butleri Mein and Pickford 2003
Protenrec tricuspis Butler and Hopwood 1957
G. Setifer Froriep 1806 [greater hedgehog tenrec]
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Setifer setosus Froriep 1806 [greater hedgehog tenrec]
Invalid names: Ericulus Saint Hilaire 1837 [synonym], Hericulus Gloger 1841 [synonym], Tendrac Blainville 1838 [synonym]
G. †Sperrgale Pickford 2015
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Sperrgale minutus Pickford 2015
G. Tenrec Lacépède 1799 [tail-less tenrec]
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Tenrec ecaudatus Schreber 1778 [common tenrec]
Invalid names: Centetes Illiger 1811 [synonym], Tanrecus Blainville 1838 [synonym]
Subfm. †Tenrecinae Gray 1821
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G. Dasogale Grandidier 1928
G. Hemicentetes Mivart 1871
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Hemicentetes nigriceps Günther 1875 [Highland streaked tenrec]
Hemicentetes semispinosus Cuvier 1798 [Lowland streaked tenrec]
Invalid names: Echinodes Trouessart 1879 [synonym], Eteocles Gray 1821 [synonym]
Invalid names: Centetina Bonaparte 1838 [synonym], Echinogalinae Murray 1866 [synonym]
Invalid names: Afrosoricida Stanhope et al. 1998 [invalid subgroup], Tenrecomorpha Butler 1972 [synonym]
Invalid names: Haemochorialia [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Puercan to the top of the Holocene or 66.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 63.3 Ma

Collections (477 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Montana) Haplaletes andakupensis (14766) Litomylus orthronepius (14809)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Litomylus orthronepius (14768)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Utah) Haplaletes andakupensis (14790)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (North Dakota) Haplaletes diminutivus, Litolestes lacunatus (14962)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Belgium (Hainaut) Monshyus praevius, Cingulodon magioncaldai (132949)
To263.3 - 61.7Canada (Alberta) Litomylus sp. (14894)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Wyoming) Adunator ladae, Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litocherus lacunatus, Litomylus dissentaneus (14898) Adunator ladae, Litomylus dissentaneus (14879) Haplaletes disceptatrix (14896 14904) Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus, Mckennatherium fredericki, Mckennatherium martinezi (14886) Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus, Mckennatherium ladae, Mckennatherium sp. (14912) Litomylus dissentaneus (14881 14897 14903)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (New Mexico) Adunator ladae, Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus (14893) Haplaletes sp. (14832) Litomylus dissentaneus (14815)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Texas) Haplaletes disceptatrix (14956)
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (Montana) Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus, Mckennatherium ladae (14906)
Torrejonian - Tiffanian63.3 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Haplaletes disceptatrix (14851) Litomylus scaphicus (14820)
Ti161.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Litocherus sp., Litocherus lacunatus, Litomylus dissentaneus, Litomylus sp., Apheliscinae indet. (14939)
Ti361.7 - 56.8USA (Colorado) Haplaletes pelicatus (99821)
Ti361.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Diacocherus minutus, Litolestes notissimus (14992) Litocherus zygeus (14928)
Ti461.7 - 56.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Diacocherus meizon, Litocherus lacunatus, Litocherus zygeus (14978)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Adunator minutus, Phenacodaptes sabulosus (15057) Aletodon conardae, Phenacodaptes sabulosus, Scenopagus proavus, Litolestes lacunatus (14974) Aletodon quadravus, Diacocherus meizon, Dorraletes diminutivus, Litocherus lacunatus (14936) Aletodon quadravus, Haplaletes serior, Mckennatherium ladae, Litolestes lacunatus (15017) Aletodon sp. (53059) Aletodon sp., Adunator minutus, Litocherus lacunatus (15059) Apheliscus nitidus (190419 190476) Diacocherus sp. (26569) Diacodon minutus (15032) Haplaletes disceptatrix (15014) Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus (15016) Haplaletes pelicatus, Litomylus ishami (14999) Haplaletes pelicatus, Litomylus scaphicus, Litomylus scaphiscus, Litolestes lacunatus (14989) Haplaletes serior, Litolestes lacunatus (14997) Haplaletes sp., Haplaletes disceptatrix (198265) Haplaletes sp., Haplaletes disceptatrix, Haplaletes pelicatus (198264) Haplaletes sp., Haplaletes disceptatrix, Haplaletes pelicatus, Litomylus dissentaneus (198263) Haplaletes sp., Haplaletes pelicatus, Litomylus dissentaneus (198262) Haplaletes sp., Leptacodon ladae (14965) Leptacodon ladae, Haplaletes diminutivus (14944) Litaletes sp., Haplaletes disceptatrix (14926) Litolestes lacunatus (15001) Litomylus dissentaneus (14983 15015) Litomylus ishami (14981) Litomylus scaphicus, Litomylus scaphiscus (14964) Litomylus sp. (15067) Litomylus sp., Mckennatherium ladae, Litolestes notissimus (15034) Litomylus sp., Phenacodaptes sabulosus, Scenopagus proavus, Talpavus sp. (15036) Phenacodaptes sabulosus (190437) Phenacodaptes sabulosus, Adunator abditus, Diacodon minutus (15049) Phenacodaptes sabulosus, Litomylus ishami, Scenopagus proavus, Litolestes lacunatus (14952) Phenacodaptes sp. (187515)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Diacocherus meizon (14934) Diacocherus minutus, Litocherus notissimus, Litocherus zygeus (14957) Licherus notissimus (14973) Litocherus lacunatus, Diacocherus minutus (14995) Litocherus notissimus, Litocherus zygeus (14954 14959) Litocherus zygeus (14929 14960)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (North Dakota) Aletodon quadravus, Haplaletes diminutivus, Litolestes lacunatus (14931) Diacocherus minutus (14976)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Colorado) Haplaletes serior, Haplomylus simpsoni, Litomylus ishami, Phenacodaptes sabulosus (174227) Utemylus latomius (14967)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Montana) Gingerichia geoteretes (15030) Gingerichia sp. 1 (15010) Haplaletes diminutivus, Litolestes notissimus, Scenopagus sp. (15048) Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus ishami, Litolestes lacunatus (14937) Haplaletes sp., Haplaletes disceptatrix, Litomylus dissentaneus (15047) Litocherus notissimus (15064) Litomylus dissentaneus, Hyopsodontidae indet. (15025)