PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Acteocina (barrel-bubble)

Gastropoda - Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae

Taxonomy

Acteocina was named by Gray (1847) [Sepkoski's age data: J Oxfo-l R]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Scaphandridae by Gardner (1948); to Acteocinidae by Woodring (1928), Olsson and Harbison (1953), DuBar (1958), Olsson (1964) and Ward and Blackwelder (1987); to Cephalaspida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cylichnidae by Todd (2001) and Harzhauser and Kowalke (2002).

Species

A. anetaspira, A. bidentata (syn. Cylichnella mareana), A. bullata (syn. A. subbullata), A. canaliculata, A. candei, A. cederstromi, A. cerealis (syn. Tornatina eximia), A. chowanensis, A. culcitella (syn. A. pedroensis), A. harpa, A. inculta (syn. Coelophysis carinata, A. smirna), A. infrequens (syn. A. anomala, Tornatina tumida, A. magdalenensis), A. kirkwoodiana, A. lajonkaireana, A. lepta, A. puruha, A. recta, A. sandwicensis

Species lacking formal opinion data

A. inconspicua, A. rusa, A. sphalera, A. tabogaensis

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1847	Acteocina Gray
1928	Acteocina Woodring p. 119
1948	Acteocina Gardner p. 278
1953	Acteocina Olsson and Harbison p. 159
1958	Acteocina DuBar p. 190
1964	Acteocina Olsson p. 74
1987	Acteocina Ward and Blackwelder p. 132
2001	Acteocina Todd
2002	Acteocina Harzhauser and Kowalke p. 74
2002	Acteocina Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca

Rank	Name	Author
class	Gastropoda
order	Opisthobranchia	(Milne-Edwards 1848)
order	Cephalaspidea	Fischer 1883
superfamily	Philinoidea	Gray 1850
family	Cylichnidae	Adams 1850
genus	Acteocina	Gray 1847

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Acteocina Gray 1847 [barrel-bubble]

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†Acteocina anetaspira Woodring 1928

Acteocina bidentata d'Orbigny 1841

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Invalid names: Cylichnella mareana Weisbord 1962 [synonym]

Acteocina bullata Kiener 1834

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Invalid names: Acteocina subbullata Pilsbry and Johnson 1917 [synonym]

†Acteocina bullata costaricana Olsson 1922

Acteocina canaliculata Say 1826

Acteocina candei d'Orbigny 1841

†Acteocina cederstromi Richards 1947

Acteocina cerealis Gould 1853

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Invalid names: Tornatina eximia Baird 1863 [synonym]

Acteocina chowanensis Richards 1947

Acteocina culcitella Gould 1853

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Invalid names: Acteocina pedroensis Oldroyd 1925 [synonym]

Acteocina harpa Dall 1871

Acteocina inculta Gould 1855

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Invalid names: Acteocina smirna Dall 1919 [synonym], Coelophysis carinata Carpenter 1857 [synonym]

Acteocina infrequens Adams 1852

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Invalid names: Acteocina anomala Willett 1945 [synonym], Acteocina magdalenensis Dall 1919 [synonym], Tornatina tumida Olrdoyd 1921 [synonym]

†Acteocina kirkwoodiana Richards and Harbison 1944

†Acteocina lajonkaireana Basterot 1825

†Acteocina lepta Woodring 1928

†Acteocina puruha Pilsbry and Olsson 1941

Acteocina recta d'Orbigny 1845

†Acteocina sandwicensis Pease 1860

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

actively mobileg

Life habit:

semi-infaunalg

Diet:

carnivoreg

Vision:

limitedc

Comments:

"predator on bivalves and foraminiferans...Acteocina canaliculata burrows into the top few millimeters of the substratum..."g

Created:

2018-03-27 14:01:02

Modified:

2018-03-27 14:01:02

Source: g = genus, c = class

References: Kiessling 2004, Chester 1993

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Barremian to the top of the Holocene or 130.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 125.45 Ma

Collections (326 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Late/Upper Barremian	130.0 - 125.45	France (Drôme)	Acteocina tenuistriata (177726)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Denmark	Acteocina sp. (176994)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	USA (Texas)	Acteocina sp. A (91778)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Greenland	Acteocina sp. (22943)
Danian - Selandian	66.0 - 59.2	USA (Texas)	Acteocina sp. B (91775)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	Germany	Acteocina plicatella (3114)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	Denmark	Acteocina plicatella (3121)
Selandian	61.6 - 59.2	Greenland	Acteocina sp. (22944)
Selandian	61.6 - 59.2	Denmark	Acteocina sp. (35267)
Selandian	61.6 - 59.2	USA (Alabama)	Acteocina leai (205427 205472)
Selandian - Thanetian	61.6 - 56.0	Japan (Hokkaido)	Acteocina sp. (206290)
Thanetian	59.2 - 56.0	USA (Alabama)	Acteocina leai (90439 92352)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	USA (Alabama)	Acteocina leai (91111)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	USA (North Carolina)	Acteocina sp. C (98983)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	USA (Alabama)	Acteocina commixta (90600)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mexico (Tamaulipas)	Acteocina melinoides (43056 43057)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mexico (Nuevo Leon)	Acteocina melinoides (43051)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	France (Essonne)	Acteocina exerta (9180 9181 9182 9183 9193 9266 9267 9268 9269)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	USA (Mississippi)	Acteocina crassiplica (5612 5943 5999 6005 66317 66319 66320 66321 66323 66327 66328 66329 66330 66331 66332 66333 66334 66335 74077 74078 74079 74080 74081 179336 179346)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.03	France (Essonne)	Acteocina exerta (9270)