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Labridae
Taxonomy
Labroidei was named by Cuvier (1816). It is extant.
It was corrected as Labridae by Leidy (1873), Hay (1902), Jordan (1963), Casier (1966), Miller (1967), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Case and Schwimmer (1988), Purdy et al. (2001), Dica (2002), Hanel et al. (2002), Fierstine et al. (2012), Betancur et al. (2013), Bannikov (2014), Bannikov and Bellwood (2015), Nelson et al. (2016) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Teleostei by Leidy (1873); to Pharyngognathi by Hay (1902); to Pharyngognathi by Jordan (1963); to Percoidea by Casier (1966) and Miller (1967); to Elopiformes by Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Perciformes by Purdy et al. (2001) and Hanel et al. (2002); to Percoidei by Fierstine et al. (2012); to Labroidei by Thurmond and Jones (1981), Dica (2002), Bannikov (2014) and Bannikov and Bellwood (2015); and to Labriformes by Betancur et al. (2013), Nelson et al. (2016) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
It was corrected as Labridae by Leidy (1873), Hay (1902), Jordan (1963), Casier (1966), Miller (1967), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Case and Schwimmer (1988), Purdy et al. (2001), Dica (2002), Hanel et al. (2002), Fierstine et al. (2012), Betancur et al. (2013), Bannikov (2014), Bannikov and Bellwood (2015), Nelson et al. (2016) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Teleostei by Leidy (1873); to Pharyngognathi by Hay (1902); to Pharyngognathi by Jordan (1963); to Percoidea by Casier (1966) and Miller (1967); to Elopiformes by Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Perciformes by Purdy et al. (2001) and Hanel et al. (2002); to Percoidei by Fierstine et al. (2012); to Labroidei by Thurmond and Jones (1981), Dica (2002), Bannikov (2014) and Bannikov and Bellwood (2015); and to Labriformes by Betancur et al. (2013), Nelson et al. (2016) and Cicimurri et al. (2022).
Subtaxa
Bellwoodilabrus, Bodianus, Cheilini, Crenilabrus, Eocoris, Hypsigenyini, Julidini, Labrichthyini, Labrinae, Labrini, Labrobolcus, Labrodon, Labrus, Malapterus, Novaculini, Nummopalatus, Paralabrus, Phyllopharyngodon, Platylaemus, Protautoga, Pseudocheilini, Pseudolabrini, Pseudosphaerodon, Pseudovomer, Scarini, Semicossyphus (syn. Pimelometopon), Symphodus, Taurinichthys, Trigonodontinae, Wainwrightilabrus, Zorzinilabrus
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1873 | Labridae Leidy p. 346 |
| 1902 | Labridae Hay p. 400 |
| 1963 | Labridae Jordan p. 721 |
| 1966 | Labridae Casier p. 223 |
| 1967 | Labridae Miller p. 225 |
| 1981 | Labridae Thurmond and Jones p. 104 |
| 1988 | Labridae Case and Schwimmer p. 299 |
| 2001 | Labridae Purdy et al. p. 177 |
| 2002 | Labridae Dica p. 42 |
| 2002 | Labridae Hanel et al. p. 776 |
| 2012 | Labridae Fierstine et al. p. 135 |
| 2013 | Labridae Betancur et al. |
| 2014 | Labridae Bannikov p. 29 |
| 2015 | Labridae Bannikov and Bellwood p. 6 |
| 2016 | Labridae Nelson et al. p. 428 |
| 2022 | Labridae Cicimurri et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Labridae Cuvier 1816
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G. †Bellwoodilabrus Bannikov and Carnevale 2010
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†Bellwoodilabrus landinii Bannikov and Carnevale 2010
G. Bodianus Bloch 1790
Tr. Cheilini
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G. Cheilinus Lacépède 1802
G. Epibulus Cuvier 1815
G. Oxycheilinus Gill 1862
G. Wetmorella Fowler and Bean 1928
G. †Crenilabrus Cuvier and Cloquet 1818
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†Crenilabrus eocenicus White 1926
†Crenilabrus pellegrini Arambourg 1927
†Crenilabrus retusus Casier 1966
Tr. Hypsigenyini
+
G. Achoerodus Gill 1863
G. Choerodon Bleeker 1849
G. Clepticus Cuvier 1829
G. Neoodax Castelnau 1875
G. Odax Valenciennes 1840
G. Pseudodax Bleeker 1861
G. Xiphocheilus Bleeker 1857
Tr. Julidini
+
G. Anampses Quoy and Gaimard 1824
G. Gomphosus Lacépède 1801
G. Hemigymnus Thunberg 1795
G. Hologymnosus Lacépède 1801
G. Leptojulis Bleeker 1862
G. Macropharyngodon Bleeker 1862
G. Opthalmolepis Bleeker
G. Pseudocoris Bleeker 1862
G. Pseudojuloides Fowler 1949
G. Stehojulis Günther 1861
G. Thalassoma Swainson 1839
Tr. Labrichthyini
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G. Diproctacanthus Bleeker 1862
G. Labrichthys Bleeker 1854
G. Labroides Bleeker 1851
G. Labropsis Schmidt 1931
G. Larabicus Randall and Springer 1973
Tr. Labrini Russel 1988
+
G. Acantholabrus Valenciennes 1839
G. Centrolabrus Günther 1861
G. Lappanella Jordan 1890
G. Tautoga Linnaeus 1758
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G. Tautogolabrus Günther 1862
G. †Labrodon Gervais 1857
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†Labrodon angustidentatus Deraniyagala 1969
†Labrodon batesfordiensis Chapman and Cudmore 1924
†Labrodon carolinensis Leidy 1856
†Labrodon confertidens Chapman and Pritchard 1907
†Labrodon multidens Münster 1846
†Labrodon stromeri Bohm 1926
G. Malapterus Gmelin 1789
Tr. Novaculini
+
G. Cheilio Lacépède 1802
G. Cymolutes Günther 1861
G. Iniistius Gill 1862
G. Xyrichtys Cuvier 1814
G. †Nummopalatus Roualt 1858
+
†Nummopalatus depressus Chapman and Prtichard 1907
†Nummopalatus edwardsius Roualt 1858
Tr. Pseudolabrini
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G. Austrolabrus Steindachner 1884
G. Pictilabrus Gill 1891
G. Pseudolabrus Bleeker 1862
G. †Pseudosphaerodon Noetling 1885
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†Pseudosphaerodon antiquus Casier 1966
†Pseudosphaerodon pycnodoides White 1926
G. Semicossyphus Günther 1861 [sheepshead]
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Semicossyphus pulcher Ayres 1854
Invalid names: Pimelometopon Gill 1864 [synonym]
G. Symphodus Rafinesque 1810
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†Symphodus westneati Carnevale 2015
†Symphodus woodwardi Kramberger 1891
Invalid names: Labrinae [empty], Trigonodontinae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 55.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 47.8 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 47.8 Ma
Collections (97 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ypresian | Belgium | Labrus eocaenicus (219001) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Platylaemus colei (8050) Pseudosphaerodon antiquus (13299) | |
| Ypresian | Italy | Eocoris bloti, Phyllopharyngodon longipinnis, Bellwoodilabrus landinii, Labrobolcus giorgioi (94830) Zorzinilabrus furcatus, Paralabrus rossiae (55239) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene | United Kingdom (England) | Labrus sp. (3257 3258) | |
| Lutetian | Nigeria | Crenilabrus eocenicus, Pseudosphaerodon pycnodoides, Platylaemus nigeriensis (60711) | |
| Lutetian | Ukraine (Luhansk) | Labrus sp. (120885) | |
| Lutetian | Ukraine | Labrus sp. (211009) | |
| Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | Platylaemus sp., Platylaemus colei (41989) Platylaemus sp., Pseudosphaerodon antiquus, Platylaemus colei (41888 41992 41998) Pseudosphaerodon antiquus, Platylaemus colei (41994 41996) | |
| Lutetian - Bartonian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Labridae indet. (53666) | |
| Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene | Romania | Lachnolaimus multidens (186852) | |
| Bartonian | Nigeria | Crenilabrus eocenicus, Pseudosphaerodon pycnodoides, Platylaemus nigeriensis (32905) | |
| Bartonian - Priabonian | Antarctica | Labridae indet. (31173) | |
| Priabonian | Barbados | Labridae indet. (205153) | |
| Priabonian | Romania | Lachnolaimus multidens (186845) | |
| Priabonian | Namibia (Sperrgebiet) | Labrodon stromeri (149316) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Antarctica | Labridae indet. (186840) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | France | Labrodon sp. (69805) | |
| Rupelian | USA (South Carolina) | Labridae indet. (60444) | |
| Rupelian | New Zealand | Labrodon confertidens (187476) | |
| Oligocene - Miocene | Argentina (Chubut) | Labrodon sp. (133690) | |
| Chattian | Australia (Victoria) | Labrodon batesfordiensis (174143) | |
| Chattian | USA (South Carolina) | Labridae indet. (97550) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | Nummopalatus depressus (174196) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Costa Rica | Labrodon pavimentatum (187875) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | Labrodon sp. (51330) | |
| Miocene | USA (South Carolina) | Labrodon carolinensis (18506) | |
| Miocene | Sri Lanka | Labrodon sinhaleyus, Labrodon angustidentatus (13449) | |
| Miocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Labrodon confertidens (204227) Labrodon depressus (202913) | |
| Otaian | New Zealand (North Island) | Bodianus sp. (219517) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany | Labroidei indet. (188985) | |
| Burdigalian | Spain (Mallorca) | Labrodon pavimentatus, Labrodon sp., Labrodon multidens (155253) | |
| Burdigalian | Italy | Labrodon sp. (70814) | |
| Burdigalian | South Africa (Namaqualand) | Labrodon sp. (51190) | |
| Burdigalian - Tortonian | France | Labrodon pavimentatum (187577) | |
| Langhian | USA (Virginia) | Protautoga conidens (79793) | |
| Langhian | France | Labrodon pavimentatum (90354) | |
| Langhian | Sri Lanka (Puttalam) | Labrodon sinhaleyus, Labrodon angustidentatus (14149) | |
| Middle Miocene | Austria | Coris sigismundi, Symphodus westneati, Wainwrightilabrus agassizi (186861) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Virginia) | Protautoga conidens (57114 126605 187324) Tautoga sp., Tautoga onitis (57700) | |
| Serravallian | Argentina (Entre Rios) | Protautoga longidens (55599) | |
| Serravallian | Slovakia (Bratislava) | Labridae indet. (58983) | |
| Badenian | Poland | Labrodon sp., Labridae indet. (162017) | |
| Badenian | Czech Republic (Mikulov) | Labridae indet. (161993 161995) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Florida) | Labridae indet. (18554) | |
| Tortonian | USA (California) | Pimelometopon sp. (13300 50069) Semicossyphus sp. (168017) | |
| Tortonian | USA (Virginia) | Protautoga conidens (152251) | |
| Tortonian | Chile | Labrodon sp., Labridae indet., Semicossyphus sp. (221625) | |
| Tortonian | Australia (Victoria) | Labrodon confertidens (178455) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Turkey | Labridae indet. (56563) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Portugal | Labrodon pavimentatum, Labrodon afrioanus, Labridae indet., Labrodon multidens (56459) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Spain (Balearic Islands) | Labrodon multidens (162703 162713) | |
| Messinian | Chile (Antwerpen) | Labrodon sp., Labridae indet. (162358) | |
| Messinian | Australia (Victoria) | Nummopalatus depressus (46167) | |
| Messinian | Italy | Argyreiosus minutus, Pseudovomer minutus (185692) | |
| Messinian | USA (Virginia) | Protautoga conidens (179732) | |
| Messinian | Algeria (Oran) | Crenilabrus woodwardi, Crenilabrus pellegrini (59256) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Australia (Victoria) | Labrodon sp. (154112) | |
| Messinian - Piacenzian | Australia (South Australia) | Labroidei indet. (50343) | |
| Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | Tautoga onitis (52582) | |
| Zanclean | Libya | Labridae indet. (136597) | |
| Zanclean | USA (California) | Pimelometopon sp. (50068) | |
| Pliocene | South Africa | Labrodon stromeri (74791) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (Florida) | Lachnolaimus maximus, Halichoeres sp. (22712) | |
| Piacenzian | Greece (Crete) | Labridae indet. (207303) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | France (Alpes Maritimes) | Labrodon pavimentum, Labrus sp. (50523) | |
| Calabrian | Italy | Symphodus mediterraneus (159288) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | Labridae indet. (20400) | |
| Calabrian - Middle Pleistocene | Italy (Sardinia) | Labrus bergylta, Labrus merula, Labrus sp., Coris julis (51482) | |
| Haweran - Holocene | New Zealand (North Island) | Bodianus sp. (219641) Bodianus sp., Notolabrus celidotus (219640) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Pimelometopon pulchrum (85314) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Spain (Vizcaya) | Labridae indet. (125319) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Pimelometopon puichrum (160361) Pimelometopon pulchrum (59063) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Spain | Labridae indet. (215694) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Semicossyphus pulcher (191984) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Spain | Labridae indet. (215661) | |
| Holocene | Spain | Labridae indet. (215739) | |
| Holocene | Marshall Islands | Labridae indet., Coris sp. (194995) Labridae indet., Thalassoma sp. (194997) | |
| Holocene | Turks and Caicos Islands | Sparisoma sp., Labridae indet., Lachnolaimus maximus, Halichoeres sp. (209855) |