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Bittium

Gastropoda - Cerithiidae

Taxonomy
Bittium was named by Gray (1847) [Sepkoski's age data: T Dani R Sepkoski's reference number: 700]. It is extant. Its type is Murex reticulatus.

It was reranked as Cerithium (Bittium) by Oppenheim (1915).

It was assigned to Cerithium by Oppenheim (1915); to Cerithiopsinae by Hoerle (1972); to Cerithiidae by Durham (1944), Harris and Palmer (1947), Addicott (1970), Squires (1988); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); to Cerithiadae by Fleming (1828), Weisbord (1962), Ladd (1972), Shuto (1978), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Beu et al. (1990), Wilson (1993), Pacaud and Le Renard (1995), Todd (2001), Wienrich (2001), Harzhauser (2002), Vera-Peláez et al. (2004); to Bittiinae by Cossmann (1906), Givens and Kennedy (1976), Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Cerithiinae by Squires (1987), Perrilliat et al. (2006).

Species
B. (Bittium), B. (Brachybittium), B. (Cacozeliana), B. (Cerithidium), B. (Elachista), B. (Semibittium), B. (Stylidium), B. (Zebittium), B. arnoldi, B. barbarensis, B. bramkampi, B. cliffensis, B. decussatum, B. deshayesi, B. fetellum, B. howardi (syn. Cerithiopsis fasteni), B. kamalae, B. koeneni, B. latreilli, B. longissimum, B. mexicanum, B. nugatorium, B. oamaruticum, B. oedumi, B. oldroydae, B. pabloensis, B. parvulum, B. preussi (syn. Cerithiopsis oregonensis), B. purnimae, B. quilonense, B. reticulatum, B. reticulatum, B. scotti, B. serenum, B. spina, B. topangensis (syn. Cerithiopsis turneri, Cerithium arnoldi, B. trampasensis), B. yaguense, Cerithium (Bittium) wanneri
Species lacking formal opinion data
B. acuminiense, B. adela, B. alutraceum, B. amitrovi, B. antarctonodosum, B. armillatum, B. asatoi, B. asperoides, B. attenuatum, B. babicense, B. benoisti, B. canaliculatum, B. cancellatum, B. cancellatum, B. caraboboensis, B. caseyi, B. casmaliense, B. craticulatum, B. dulciculum, B. duvergieri, B. ecostatum, B. elegans, B. elongatum, B. eniwetokensis, B. eschrichtii, B. estellense, B. estellense, B. estellense, B. fretense, B. geyleri, B. gibbosum, B. glareosum, B. granarium, B. guineense, B. hartbergense, B. henryleai, B. henryleai, B. ianthinum, B. icarus, B. impendens, B. inerfossa, B. intaminatum, B. jadertinum, B. kamyshlakense, B. kocneri, B. lacteum, B. larrieyense, B. latreillei, B. latreillii, B. latum, B. mahmoudi, B. multilirata, B. multiliratum, B. multiliratum, B. ottoi, B. palaeocaenicum, B. palitoense, B. pericallum, B. perpusillum, B. plicatulum, B. podagrinum, B. podagrinum, B. praeformatum, B. praevarium, B. prekoeneni, B. priscum, B. properatum, B. quadricinctum, B. reticulatum, B. reticulatum, B. richei, B. ridgei, B. ridgei, B. ridgei, B. robustum, B. rugatum, B. rugatum, B. russiensis, B. salinae, B. semigranosum, B. semigranosum, B. semigranulosum, B. semigranulosum, B. sergentum, B. silicium, B. simplex, B. sora, B. spina, B. subfragile, B. subgranarium, B. subgranarium, B. sublima, B. tenuispina, B. tenuispina, B. terebrale, B. toddae, B. transenna, B. tresquatrum, B. tresquatrum, B. tresquatrum, B. tresquatrum, B. triptychum, B. tropicale, B. turritella, B. turritella, B. undulosum, B. venezuelanum, B. versigranulum, B. vignal

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1828Bittium Fleming
1847Bittium Gray
1906Bittium Cossmann p. 137
1915Cerithium (Bittium) Oppenheim p. 46
1944Bittium Durham p. 165
1947Bittium Harris and Palmer p. 301
1962Bittium Weisbord p. 175
1970Bittium Addicott p. 52
1972 Hoerle p. 14
1972Bittium Ladd p. 31
1976Bittium Givens and Kennedy p. 965
1978Bittium Shuto p. 150
1987Bittium Squires p. 29
1987Bittium Ward and Blackwelder p. 131
1988Bittium Squires p. 11
1990Bittium Beu et al. p. 406
1993Bittium Wilson p. 115
1995Bittium Pacaud and Le Renard p. 155
2001Bittium Todd
2001Bittium Wienrich p. 415
2002Bittium Harzhauser p. 71
2002Bittium Sepkoski
2004Bittium Vera-Peláez et al. p. 257
2005Bittium Bouchet et al. pp. 37, 248
2006Bittium Perrilliat et al. p. 154

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
superfamilyCerithioidea(Férussac 1819)
familyCerithiidae(Fleming 1822)
subfamilyBittiinaeCossmann 1906
genusBittiumGray 1847

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Bittium Gray 1847
show all | hide all
Subg. Bittium (Bittium) Gray 1847
+
†Bittium (Bittium) paleonotum Stilwell et al. 2004
Subg. †Bittium (Brachybittium) Weisbord 1962
+
Subg. †Bittium (Cacozeliana) Strand 1928
Subg. Bittium (Cerithidium) Monterosato 1884
+
†Cerithidium plebeium Lozouet 1998
†Cerithidium submamillatum Rayneval and Ponzi 1854
Subg. Bittium (Elachista) Treitschke 1833
Subg. Bittium (Zebittium) Finlay 1927
+
†Bittium (Zebittium) brooksi Stilwell et al. 2004
†Bittium arnoldi Bartsch 1911
Bittium barbarensis Barsch 1907
†Bittium bramkampi Durham 1944
†Bittium cliffensis Hanna 1927
Bittium decussatum Carpenter 1857
†Bittium deshayesi Cerulli Irelli 1912
Bittium fetellum Bartsch 1911
†Bittium howardi Dickerson 1917
+
Invalid names: Cerithiopsis fasteni Van Winkle 1918 [synonym]
†Bittium kamalae Banerjee and Halder 2024
Bittium latreilli Ávila et al. 2009
†Bittium longissimum Cooper 1894
Bittium mexicanum Bartsch 1911
†Bittium nugatorium Brown and Pilsbry 1911
†Bittium oamaruticum Bartrum 1919
†Bittium oedumi Schnetler 2001
Bittium oldroydae Bartsch 1911
Bittium pabloensis Clark 1915
†Bittium parvulum Nardini 1934
†Bittium preussi Hanna 1924
+
Invalid names: Cerithiopsis oregonensis Dickerson 1914 [replaced]
†Bittium purnimae Banerjee and Halder 2024
†Bittium quilonense Dey 1961
Bittium reticulatum da Costa 1778
Bittium reticulatum Montagu 1803
†Bittium scotti Brown and Pilsbry 1913
†Bittium serenum Hoerle 1972
†Bittium spina Partsch 1856
†Bittium topangensis Arnold 1907
+
Invalid names: Bittium trampasensis Clark 1915 [synonym], Cerithiopsis turneri Clark 1915 [synonym], Cerithium arnoldi Anderson and Martin 1914 [synonym]
†Bittium yaguense Gabb 1873
†Cerithium (Bittium) wanneri Oppenheim 1915
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
height124.221.007.005.001.91

Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: grazerf
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 07:11:54
Modified: 2009-09-10 09:11:54
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Oxfordian to the top of the Holocene or 157.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 152.21 Ma

Collections (508 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian157.9 - 152.21France (Normandy) B. russiensis (23539)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5Egypt B. mahmoudi (98327)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Mississippi) B. sp. (7456)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Poland B. triptychum (27819)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) B. sp. (205541)
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (Texas) B. estellense (5571 5573 5574 5583 5585 5587 5588 5589 5594 5595 5597 5598 5600 5601 5602 85315) B. estellensis (91778 91833) B. prekoeneni (205466) B. sp. (84467) B. sp. A, B. estellensis (98701)
Danian66.0 - 61.66Denmark B. transenna (176994)
Danian66.0 - 61.66Belgium B. versigranulum (22931)
Danian66.0 - 61.66Antarctica B. paleonotum (67063)
Danian - Selandian66.0 - 59.24USA (Alabama) B. estellense (98412)
Danian - Selandian66.0 - 59.24USA (Texas) B. estellensis (98707 98733)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Germany B. palaeocaenicum (3114)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24Denmark B. oedumi (35263)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24Nigeria B. guineense (7791)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0Togo Cerithium wanneri (167948)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0Poland B. babicense, B. semigranulosum, B. subfragile, B. transenna, B. sp. (27018) B. gibbosum (27019)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Belgium B. semigranosum (77608)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (California) B. longissimum (122337) B. preussi (177611) B. quadricingulatum (201621)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Oregon) B. sp. (52271) Cerithiopsis preussi (52304)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Texas) B. anita (91844 91845) B. ridgei, B. tresquatrum (83950) B. tresquatrum (7788 84325 84337 178054) B. tresquatrum, B. ridgei (7789)