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Shamosaurus
Taxonomy
Shamosaurus was named by Tumanova (1983). Its type is Shamosaurus scutatus. It is the type genus of Shamosaurinae. It was considered monophyletic by Vickaryous et al. (2004).
It was assigned to Shamosaurinae by Tumanova (1983), Tumanova (1986), Tumanova (1987), Vickaryous and Ryan (1997), Kirkland (1998), Ford (2000), Arbour and Currie (2016); and to Ankylosauridae by Sereno (1986), Barsbold (1997), Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Tumanova (2000), Vickaryous et al. (2001), Carpenter (2001), Barrett (2001), Vickaryous et al. (2004), Lü et al. (2007), Osi and Makádi (2009), Parsons and Parsons (2009), Amiot et al. (2010), Kirkland and Loewen (2011), Han et al. (2014), Yang et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Shamosaurinae by Tumanova (1983), Tumanova (1986), Tumanova (1987), Vickaryous and Ryan (1997), Kirkland (1998), Ford (2000), Arbour and Currie (2016); and to Ankylosauridae by Sereno (1986), Barsbold (1997), Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Tumanova (2000), Vickaryous et al. (2001), Carpenter (2001), Barrett (2001), Vickaryous et al. (2004), Lü et al. (2007), Osi and Makádi (2009), Parsons and Parsons (2009), Amiot et al. (2010), Kirkland and Loewen (2011), Han et al. (2014), Yang et al. (2017).
Species
S. scutatus (type species)
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1983 | Shamosaurus Tumanova |
| 1986 | Shamosaurus Sereno |
| 1986 | Shamosaurus Tumanova p. 75 |
| 1987 | Shamosaurus Tumanova p. 23 |
| 1997 | Shamosaurus Barsbold p. 450 |
| 1997 | Shamosaurus Sereno p. 440 fig. 2 |
| 1997 | Shamosaurus Vickaryous and Ryan p. 491 |
| 1998 | Shamosaurus Kirkland p. 273 fig. 3 |
| 1998 | Shamosaurus Sereno p. 67 fig. 5 |
| 2000 | Shamosaurus Ford p. 176 |
| 2000 | Shamosaurus Tumanova p. 519 |
| 2001 | Shamosaurus Barrett p. 41 |
| 2001 | Shamosaurus Carpenter p. 457 |
| 2001 | Shamosaurus Vickaryous et al. p. 1774 |
| 2004 | Shamosaurus Vickaryous et al. p. 364 |
| 2007 | Shamosaurus Lü et al. p. 889 fig. 1 |
| 2009 | Shamosaurus Osi and Makádi p. 239 fig. 10 |
| 2009 | Shamosaurus Parsons and Parsons p. 736 fig. 18 |
| 2010 | Shamosaurus Amiot et al. p. 353 |
| 2011 | Shamosaurus Kirkland and Loewen p. 5 |
| 2014 | Shamosaurus Han et al. p. 14 fig. 11 |
| 2016 | Shamosaurus Arbour and Currie p. 404 |
| 2017 | Shamosaurus Yang et al. p. 786 fig. 5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| T. A. Tumanova 1983 | Large ankylosaur having the roof of its skull completely covered with finely grained osteodermal shields, the postorbital osteoderms do not coalesce into spines, laterally the
osteodermal covering does not close the quadrate condyle region, the orbits are located at the middle of the skull line and are directed almost entirely to the side (Fig. 3b), the upper region of the premaxillae are covered with osteodermal growths, the forward region of the snout is a narrow oval shape and is much narrower than the distance between the back teeth of the upper jaw, the rear maxillar shelf is well developed, the ventral surface of the palate bones is sloped laterally, the jaw articulation is far behind the rear edge of the orbit, the plane of the condyle is sloped to the rear, the occipital condyle is oriented ventrally, the ventral surface of the basioccipital bone is narrow and circular. | |
| T. A. Tumanova 1986 | Big ankylosaur with a cranial roof entirely covered with osteodermal scutes; ornamentation of scutes composed of small tubercles; postorbital osteodermal elements not fused into spines; laterally, the osteodermal elements do not cover the region of the condyle of the quadrate; orbits oriented almost exactly laterally, and situated at middle length of the skull; upper part of the premaxillary covered with osteodermal expansions; anterior part of the snout of narrow oval shape, its width far inferior to the distance between posterior upper teeth; posterior maxillary shelf well developed; ventral surface of the palatines inclined laterally; mandibular articulation far behind the posterior border of the orbits; occipital surface inclined backwards; occipital condyle ventrally orientated; ventral surface of the basioccipital rounded, narrow. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order | |||||
| References: Marsh 1875, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Early/Lower Albian or 119.57000 to 110.10000 Ma
Collections (2 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aptian - Albian | Mongolia (Dornogov) | Ankylosauria indet. (32362) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | Mongolia (Övörkhangai) | S. scutatus (77191) |