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Eurypterida (eurypterid)

Eurypterida

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1857Eurypterida Huxley
1889Eurypterella Matthew p. 60
1889Eurypterella ornata Matthew p. 60 figs. Pl 4, fig 12
1896Gigantostraca Haeckel
1910Belinuropsis Matthew p. 116
1910Belinuropsis wigudensis Matthew p. 116 figs. Pl 1, figs 3a-d
1924Stylonuracea Diener
1955Eurypterida Størmer p. 30
1955Stylonuracea Størmer p. 36
1968Eurypterida Bergström p. 502
1968Cyrtoctenida Stoermer and Waterston
2002Eurypterida Sepkoski
2013Eurypterida Lamsdell p. 20
2020Eurypterida Dunlop et al. p. 7
2020Belinuropsis Dunlop et al. p. 14
2025Eurypterida Lamsdell

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
RankNameAuthor
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
subphylumChelicerataHeymons 1901
orderEurypteridaHuxley 1857
orderEurypteridaHuxley 1857

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Eurypterida Huxley 1857 [eurypterid]
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Subor. †Eurypterina Novojilov 1962
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Superfm. †Alkenopteroidea Poschmann and Tetlie 2004
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Fm. †Alkenopteridae Poschmann and Tetlie 2004
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G. †Alkenopterus Størmer 1974
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†Alkenopterus brevitelson Størmer 1974
Infraor. †Diploperculata Lamsdell et al. 2013
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Superfm. †Adelophthalmoidea Tollerton 1989
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Fm. †Adelophthalmidae Tollerton 1989
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G. †Adelophthalmus Jordan and von Mayer 1854
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Invalid names: Anthraconectes Meek and Worthen 1868 [synonym], Lepidoderma Reuss 1855 [synonym], Polyzosterites Goldenberg 1873 [synonym]
G. †Selkiepterella Lamsdell 2025
G. †Unionopterus Chernyshev 1948
G. †Weidopterus Poschmann 2015
Fm. †Nanahughmilleriidae Lamsdell 2025
+
G. †Nanahughmilleria Kjellesvig-Waering 1961
Fm. †Parahughmilleriidae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Parahughmilleria Kjellesvig-Waering 1961
G. †Pruemopterus Poschmann 2021
Fm. †Pittsfordipteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Archopterus Wang et al. 2023
G. †Bassipterus Kjellesvig-Waering and Leutze 1966
G. †Pittsfordipterus Kjellesvig-Waering and Leutze 1966
Superfm. †Carcinosomatoidea Stoermer 1934
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Fm. †Carcinosomatidae Stormer 1934
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G. †Carcinosoma Claypole 1890
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Invalid names: Eurysoma Claypole 1890 [synonym]
G. †Cruinnopterus Lamsdell 2025
G. †Eusarcana Strand 1942
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Invalid names: Eusarcus Grote and Pitt 1875 [synonym], Paracarcinosoma [synonym]
G. †Holmipterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1979
Fm. †Lanarkopteridae Tollerton 1989
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G. †Terropterus Wang et al. 2021
Fm. †Megalograptidae Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955
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G. †Echinognathus Walcott 1882
G. †Megalograptus Miller 1874
G. †Pentecopterus Lamsdell et al. 2015
Fm. †Mixopteridae Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955
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G. †Mixopterus Ruedemann 1921
Invalid names: Mixopteroidea Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955 [synonym]
Superfm. †Pterygotoidea Clarke and Ruedemann 1912
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Fm. †Ciurcopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Ciurcopterus Tetlie and Briggs 2009
Fm. †Herefordopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Herefordopterus Tetlie 2006
Fm. †Hughmilleriidae Kjellesvig-Waering 1951
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G. †Hughmilleria Kjellesvig-Waering 1951
Fm. †Hunanopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Hunanopterus Lamsdell 2025
Fm. †Pterygotidae Clarke and Ruedemann 1912
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G. †Acutiramus Ruedemann 1935
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Invalid names: Bunodella Matthew 1889 [synonym]
G. †Erettopterus Salter 1859
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Invalid names: Himantopterus Salter 1856 [replaced], Necrogammarus [synonym], Truncatiramus [synonym]
G. †Pterygotus Agassiz 1844
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Invalid names: Curviramus Ruedemann 1935 [synonym]
Invalid names: Jaekelopteridae Stoermer 1974 [synonym]
Fm. †Slimoniidae Novojilov 1962
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G. †Salteropterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1951
G. †Slimonia Page 1856
Invalid names: Hughmilleroidea Kjellesvig-Waering 1951 [synonym]
Superfm. †Waeringopteroidea Lamsdell 2025
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Fm. †Waeringopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Eysyslopterus Tetlie and Poschmann 2008
G. †Grossopterus Størmer 1934
G. †Orcanopterus Stott et al. 2005
G. †Waeringopterus Leutze 1961
Invalid names: Pterygotioidea Clarke and Ruedemann 1912 [empty]
Superfm. †Dolichopteroidea Kjellesvig-Waering and Størmer 1952
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Fm. †Dolichopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering and Stormer 1952
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G. †Clarkeipterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Clarkeipterus otisius Tetlie et al. 2007
†Clarkeipterus testudineus Clarke and Ruedemann 1912
G. †Dolichopterus Hall 1859
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†Dolichopterus asperatus Kjellesvig-Waering 1961
†Dolichopterus gotlandicus Kjellesvig-Waering 1979
†Dolichopterus herkimerensis Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1956
†Dolichopterus jewetti Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1956
G. †Malongia Wang et al. 2022
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†Malongia mirabilis Wang et al. 2022
G. †Paraeurypterus Lamsdell et al. 2013
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†Paraeurypterus anatoliensis Lamsdell et al. 2013
G. †Pentlandopterus Lamsdell et al. 2013
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†Pentlandopterus minor Laurie 1899
G. †Ruedemannipterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
Fm. †Erieopteridae Tollerton 1989
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Fm. †Strobilopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Barusopterus Lamsdell 2025
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†Barusopterus limuloides Kjellesvig-Waering 1948
G. †Buffalopterus Kjellesvig-Waering and Heubusch 1962
+
+
Invalid names: Eurypterus giganteus Pohlman 1882 [synonym], Pterygotus globicaudatus Pohlman 1882 [synonym]
G. †Strobilopterus Ruedemann 1935
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†Strobilopterus laticeps Schmidt 1883
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Invalid names: Dolichopterus stoermeri Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1956 [synonym]
†Strobilopterus princetonii Ruedemann 1934
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Invalid names: Erieopterus latus Ruedemann 1935 [synonym]
†Strobilopterus richardsoni Kjellesvig-Waering 1961
Invalid names: Syntomopterella Tetlie 2007 [synonym], Syntomopterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1961 [synonym]
Superfm. †Eurypteroidea Burmeister 1843
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Fm. †Eurypteridae Burmeister 1845
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G. †Eurypterus De Kay 1825
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Subg. †Eurypterus (Adelophthalmus) Meek and Worthen 1868
Subg. †Eurypterus (Anthraconectes) Meek and Worthen 1868
†Eurypterus cephalaspis Salter 1856
†Eurypterus dekayi Hall 1859
†Eurypterus hankeni Tetlie 2006
†Eurypterus henningsmoeni Tetlie 2002
†Eurypterus laculatus Kjellesvig-Waering 1958
†Eurypterus lacustris Harlan 1834
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Invalid names: Eurypterus pachycheirus Hall 1859 [synonym], Eurypterus robustus Hall 1859 [synonym]
†Eurypterus laticeps Schmidt 1883
†Eurypterus leopoldi Tetlie 2006
†Eurypterus loi Chang 1957
†Eurypterus obesus Woodward 1869
†Eurypterus oklahomensis Decker 1938
†Eurypterus ornatus Leutze 1958
†Eurypterus punctatus Woodward 1869
†Eurypterus quebecensis Kjellesvig-Waering 1958
†Eurypterus raniceps Goldenberg 1873
†Eurypterus remipes DeKay 1825
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Invalid names: Hughmilleria trigonum Ruedemann 1916 [synonym]
†Eurypterus scouleri Hibbert 1836
†Eurypterus sellardsi Dunbar 1924
†Eurypterus serratus Jones and Woodward 1888
†Eurypterus styliformis Chang 1957
+
Invalid names: Eurypterus fischeri Eichwald 1854 [synonym]
†Eurypterus yangi Chang 1957
Invalid names: Baltoeurypterus Størmer 1973 [synonym]
Superfm. †Moselopteroidea Lamsdell et al. 2010
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Fm. †Moselopteridae Lamsdell et al. 2010
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G. †Moselopterus Størmer 1974
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†Moselopterus ancylotelson Størmer 1974
†Moselopterus elongatus Størmer 1974
G. †Stoermeropterus Lamsdell 2011
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†Stoermeropterus conicus Laurie 1892
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Invalid names: Drepanopterus bembycoides Laurie 1899 [synonym], Drepanopterus lobatus Laurie 1899 [synonym]
G. †Vinetopterus Poschmann and Tetlie 2004
Superfm. †Onychopterelloidea Lamsdell 2011
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Fm. †Onychopterellidae Lamsdell 2011
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G. †Onychopterella Størmer 1951
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†Onychopterella augusti Braddy et al. 1995
†Onychopterella kokomoensis Miller and Gurley 1896
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Invalid names: Eurypterus ranilarva Clarke and Ruedemann 1912 [synonym]
Invalid names: Onychopterus Clarke and Ruedemann 1912 [synonym]
G. †Tylopterella Størmer 1951
G. †Wiedopterus Poschmann 2015
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†Wiedopterus noctua Poschmann 2015
Invalid names: Megalograptoidea Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955 [empty]
G. †Marsupipterus Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955
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†Marsupipterus sculpturatus Caster and Kjellesvig-Waering 1955
G. †Parahughmilleria Kjellesvig-Waering 1961
Subor. †Stylonurina Novojilov 1962
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Superfm. †Kokomopteroidea Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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Fm. †Hardieopteridae Tollerton 1989
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G. †Athenepterus Lamsdell 2025
G. †Hallipterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1963
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†Hallipterus excelsior Kjellesvig-Waering 1963
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Invalid names: Dolichocephala lacoana Claypole 1883 [synonym], Hallipterus lacoanus Kjellesvig-Waering 1963 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dolichocephala Claypole 1883 [replaced]
G. †Tarsopterella Størmer 1951
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†Tarsopterella scotica Woodward 1872
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Invalid names: Erieopterus brewsteri Woodward 1864 [synonym], Stylonurus armatus Page 1867 [synonym]
G. †Waterstonopterus Lamsdell 2025
Fm. †Kokomopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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G. †Kokomopterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
Superfm. †Mycteropoidea Cope 1886
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Fm. †Drepanopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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G. †Drepanopterus Laurie 1892
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†Drepanopterus abonensis Simpson 1951
†Drepanopterus struvei Størmer 1974
Fm. †Hibbertopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering 1959
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G. †Campylocephalus Eichwald 1860
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†Campylocephalus oculatus Kutorga 1838
†Campylocephalus permianus Ponomarenko 1985
†Campylocephalus salmi Stur 1877
G. †Cyrtoctenus Stormer and Waterston 1968
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†Cyrtoctenus bambachi Plotnick and Lamsdell 2022
†Cyrtoctenus dewalquei Fraipont 1889
†Cyrtoctenus dicki Peach 1883
†Cyrtoctenus ostraviensis Størmer and Waterston 1968
†Cyrtoctenus peachi Størmer and Waterston 1968
†Cyrtoctenus wittebergensis Waterston et al. 1985
G. †Dunsopterus Waterston 1968
G. †Glyptoscorpius Peach 1882
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G. †Hibbertopterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1959
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†Hibbertopterus lamsdelli Braddy et al. 2023
†Hibbertopterus minisculptus Waterston 1968
†Hibbertopterus scouleri Hibbert 1831
†Hibbertopterus stevensoni Waterston 1968
Invalid names: Vernonopterus Waterston 1968 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Cyrtoctenidae Waterston et al. 1985 [synonym]
Fm. †Mycteropidae Cope 1886
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G. †Hastimima White 1908
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†Hastimima sewardi Strand 1926
†Hastimima whitei White 1908
G. †Megarachne Hünicken 1980
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†Megarachne servinei Hünicken 1980
G. †Mycterops Cope 1886
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†Mycterops blairi Waterston 1968
†Mycterops matthieui Pruvost 1925
†Mycterops ordinatus Cope 1886
†Mycterops whitei Schram 1984
Invalid names: Glaucodes Pruvost 1923 [synonym]
G. †Woodwardopterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1959
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†Woodwardopterus freemanorum Poschmann and Rozefelds 2022
†Woodwardopterus scabrosus Woodward 1887
Invalid names: Woodwardopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering 1959 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hibbertopteroidea Kjellesvig-Waering 1959 [synonym]
Superfm. †Rhenopteroidea Størmer 1951
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Fm. †Brachyopteridae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Brachyopterus Stormer 1951
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†Brachyopterus stubblefieldi Størmer 1951
Fm. †Rhenopteridae Størmer 1951
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G. †Leiopterella Lamsdell et al. 2010
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†Leiopterella tetliei Lamsdell et al. 2010
G. †Rhenopterus Størmer 1936
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†Rhenopterus diensti Stoermer 1936
†Rhenopterus dientsi Størmer 1936
†Rhenopterus latus Størmer 1936
†Rhenopterus tuberculatus Størmer 1936
G. †Stylonuroides Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Stylonuroides orientalis Shpinev 2012
Invalid names: Brachyopterellidae Tollerton 1989 [synonym], Rhenopterinae Størmer 1951 [empty]
Invalid names: Brachyopterelloidea Tollerton 1989 [synonym]
Superfm. †Stylonuroidea Diener 1924
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Fm. †Parastylonuridae Waterston 1979
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G. †Parastylonurus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Parastylonurus ornatus Laurie 1892
Fm. †Stylonurellidae Lamsdell 2025
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G. †Stylonurella Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Stylonurella spinipes Page 1859
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Invalid names: Stylonurus logani Woodward 1872 [synonym]
Fm. †Stylonuridae Diener 1924
+
G. †Ctenopterus Clarke and Ruedemann 1912
G. †Laurieipterus Kjellesvig-Waering 1966
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†Laurieipterus elegans Laurie 1899
G. †Pagea Waterston 1962
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†Pagea plotnicki Lamsdell et al. 2010
†Pagea sturrocki Waterston 1962
†Pagea symondsii Salter 1857
G. †Qujingopterus Ma et al. 2025
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†Qujingopterus spineus Ma et al. 2025
G. †Soligorskopterus Plax et al. 2018
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†Soligorskopterus tchepeliensis Plax et al. 2018
G. †Stylonurus Page 1856
+
†Stylonurus powriensis Page 1856
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Invalid names: Stylonurus ensiformis Woodward 1864 [synonym]
†Stylonurus ruedemanni Størmer 1934
†Stylonurus shaffneri Willard 1933
Invalid names: Laurieipteridae Kjellesvig-Waering 1966 [synonym], Laurieipterinae Lamsdell et al. 2010 [empty], Pageidae Kjellesvig-Waering 1966 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hibbertopterina Stoermer 1974 [synonym], Woodwardopterina Kjellesvig-Waering 1959 [synonym]
Invalid names: Belinuropsis Matthew 1910 [nomen dubium], Belinuropsis wigudensis Matthew 1910 [nomen dubium], Cyrtoctenida Stoermer and Waterston 1968 [synonym], Eurypteracea Burmeister 1845 [empty], Eurypterella Matthew 1889 [nomen dubium], Eurypterella ornata Matthew 1889 [nomen dubium], Gigantostraca Haeckel 1896 [synonym], Stylonuracea Diener 1924 [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Vision: well-developedo
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Pelagic or surficial, fully motile fast, carnivore according to Bambach et al (2007).o
Created: 2004-09-24 08:12:58
Modified: 2010-02-05 01:21:51
Source: o = order
Reference: Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Darriwilian to the top of the Changhsingian or 469.40000 to 251.90200 Ma

Collections (323 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Darriwilian469.4 - 458.2USA (Iowa) Pentecopterus decorahensis (225212)
Sandbian458.2 - 452.8United Kingdom (Wales) Brachyopterus stubblefieldi (206522)
Caradoc458.2 - 449.5USA (Virginia) Megalograptus alveolatus (204960)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (New York) Eurypterida indet. (328)
Katian452.8 - 445.2Türkiye Paraeurypterus anatoliensis (184932)
Katian452.8 - 445.2USA (Ohio) Megalograptus ohioensis (204962) Megalograptus shideleri (204963) Megalograptus welchi (204994) Megalograptus williamsae (204993)
Katian452.8 - 445.2USA (New York) Echinognathus clevelandi (204767)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Pennsylvania) Megalograptus sp. (34895)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Michigan) Eurypterida indet. (240958)
Richmondian - Ashgill449.6 - 443.1USA (Ohio) Megalograptus sp. (392 393)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Gzhelian - Asselian303.7 - 293.52China (Hebei) Adelophthalmus chinensis (231830)
Stephanian B301.4 - 300.9Czechia Adelophthalmus sp. (155303)
Asselian298.9 - 293.52USA (Pennsylvania) Adelophthalmus mansfieldi (225381)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) Campylocephalus oculatus (225324)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3USA (Oklahoma) Adelophthalmus sellardsi (225320)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3USA (Kansas) Adelophthalmus sellardsi (111219)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4Brazil (Santa Catharina) Hastimima whitei (225341)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4USA (Arizona) Hastimima sp. (11150)
Kungurian283.3 - 274.4Russian Federation (Komi Republic) Hibbertopterus permianus (225086)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902Australia (Queensland) Woodwardopterus freemanorum (227842)