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Carpocrinacea

Crinoidea - Monobathrida

Taxonomy
Carpocrinacea was named by de Koninck and LeHon (1854). Its type is Carpocrinidae.

It was corrected as Carpocrinoidea by Webster and Jell (1992) and Ausich et al. (2018).

It was assigned to Compsocrinina by Ubaghs et al. (1978), Webster and Lane (1987), Webster and Jell (1992), Ausich and Copper (2010) and Ausich et al. (2018).

Subtaxa
Batocrinidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1854Carpocrinacea de Koninck and LeHon
1978Carpocrinacea Ubaghs et al. p. T462
1987Carpocrinacea Webster and Lane p. 8
1992Carpocrinoidea Webster and Jell p. 319
2010Carpocrinacea Ausich and Copper p. 27
2018Carpocrinoidea Ausich et al. p. 688

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumBlastozoa
RankNameAuthor
classCrinoideaMiller 1821
subclassCamerataWachsmuth and Springer 1885
infraclassEucamerataCole 2017
orderMonobathridaMoore and Laudon 1943
suborderCompsocrininaUbaghs 1978
superfamilyCarpocrinaceade Koninck and LeHon 1854
superfamilyCarpocrinaceade Koninck and LeHon 1854

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Carpocrinacea de Koninck and LeHon 1854
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Fm. †Batocrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer 1881
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G. †Abatocrinus Lane 1963
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†Abatocrinus grandis Lyon and Casseday 1859
†Abatocrinus steropes Hall 1859
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Invalid names: Actinocrinites gibbosus Troost 1849 [synonym], Actinocrinites sayi Troost 1850 [synonym], Batocrinus springeranus Bassler 1925 [synonym]
G. †Alloprosallocrinus Casseday and Lyon 1862
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†Alloprosallocrinus conicus Casseday and Lyon 1862
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Invalid names: Alloprosallocrinus depressus Casseday and Lyon 1862 [synonym]
G. †Azygocrinus Lane 1963
Subfm. †Bactocrininae Springer
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G. †Aorocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer 1897
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†Aorocrinus formosus Goldring 1923
G. †Batocrinus Casseday 1854
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†Batocrinus casula Miller and Gurley 1895
†Batocrinus honorabilis Miller and Gurley 1895
G. †Dizygocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer 1897
G. †Eretmocrinus Lyon and Casseday 1859
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†Eretmocrinus aridus Webster and Lane 1987
†Eretmocrinus magnificus Lyon and Casseday 1859
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Invalid names: Batocrinus commendabilis Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym], Batocrinus wetherbyi Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Batocrinus curiosus Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym], Batocrinus laterna Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym], Eretmocrinus lyonanus Miller 1891 [synonym]
†Eretmocrinus spinosus Miller and Gurley 1895
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Invalid names: Actinocrinites marineri Troost 1850 [synonym]
G. †Eutrochocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer 1897
G. †Glannearycrinus Ausich and Kammer 2010
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G. †Gongylocrinus Ausich and Kammer 2010
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†Gongylocrinus follicus Miller and Gurley 1896
†Gongylocrinus imparilis Miller and Gurley 1895
†Gongylocrinus incultus Miller and Gurley 1895
†Gongylocrinus inflatus Rowley and Hare 1891
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Invalid names: Gongylocrinus bulbosus Rowley and Hare 1891 [synonym]
†Gongylocrinus insperatus Miller and Gurley 1895
†Gongylocrinus nanus Miller and Gurley 1896
†Gongylocrinus repertus Miller and Gurley 1896
G. †Macrocrinus Jaekel 1895
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†Macrocrinus casualis Miller and Gurley 1895
†Macrocrinus konincki Shumard 1855
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Invalid names: Batocrinus rudis Miller and Gurley 1896 [synonym]
†Macrocrinus mundulus Hall 1859
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Invalid names: Actinocrinus agnatus Miller 1891 [synonym], Actinocrinus lagunculus Hall 1859 [synonym], Actinocrinus similis Hall 1859 [synonym], Batocrinus jucundus Miller and Gurley 1890 [synonym], Batocrinus procerus Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym]
†Macrocrinus strotobasilaris Ausich and Lane 1982
G. †Magnuscrinus Ausich and Kammer 2010
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†Magnuscrinus cumberlandensis Ausich et al. 2018
†Magnuscrinus kammeri Krivicich et al. 2013
†Magnuscrinus praegravis Miller 1892
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Invalid names: Actinocrinites cornutus Troost 1849 [synonym], Alloprosallocrinus celsus Miller and Gurley 1894 [synonym]
†Magnuscrinus yandelli Shumard 1858
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Invalid names: Batocrinus prodigialis Miller and Gurley 1895 [synonym]
Subfm. †Periechocrininae Springer
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G. †Megistocrinus Owen and Shumard 1852
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†Megistocrinus pernodosus Thomas 1929
G. †Simatocrinus Ausich and Kammer 2010
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†Simatocrinus heteroclitus Miller and Gurley 1895
G. †Uperocrinus Meek and Worthen 1865
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†Uperocrinus robustus Wachsmuth and Springer 1897
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Invalid names: Actinocrinites holbrooki Troost 1850 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: upper-level epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Created: 2004-02-28 17:13:32
Modified: 2009-10-09 13:32:16
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range: base of the Emsian to the top of the Atokan or 407.60000 to 312.80000 Ma

Collections (125 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Devonian419.2 - 358.9USA (New York) Megistocrinus depressus, Aorocrinus formosus (123541)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3New Zealand Megistocrinus reeftonensis (40527)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (Indiana) Megistocrinus expansus (11101)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (New York) Megistocrinus depressus (91240)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Iowa) Megistocrinus pernodosus (123300)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Ohio) Megistocrinus depressus (76565)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Illinois) Megistocrinus sp. (76641 76642)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (New York) Aorocrinus sp. (5661 5662) Aorocrinus sp., Megistocrinus depressus (8993) Megistocrinus depressus (9003 9006) Megistocrinus sp. (94451 206793)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9China (Xinjiang) Carpocrinacea indet. (3564) Uperocrinus zhaoae (3565)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0USA (Iowa) Abatocrinus sp., Aorocrinus sp. (73163) Aorocrinus sp. (73273)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0USA (Montana) Megistocrinus sp. (163808 163810)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0Canada (Alberta) Aorocrinus banffensis, Aorocrinus sp., Aorocrinus iola, Eretmocrinus tentor (8610)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7USA (Kentucky) Aorocrinus nodulus, Eretmocrinus cloelia, Uperocrinus pyriformis, Uperocrinus acuminatus, Macrocrinus konincki (65686) Aorocrinus nodulus, Uperocrinus pyriformis (65691) Aorocrinus nodulus, Uperocrinus pyriformis, Uperocrinus acuminatus (65689) Aorocrinus nodulus, Uperocrinus pyriformis, Uperocrinus acuminatus, Macrocrinus konincki (65685) Eretmocrinus cloelia (65687 65692)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7USA (Iowa) Aorocrinus sp. (3339)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Indiana) Alloprosallocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp. (211816) Eretmocrinus sp. (224226 224229 224230)
Osagean352.0 - 343.0USA (Tennessee) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus (165203) Eretmocrinus spp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus kammeri, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (165239) Macrocrinus sp., Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (165241) Macrocrinus sp., Uperocrinus apheles, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus praegravis (165240)
Osagean352.0 - 343.0USA (Iowa) Batocrinus lepidus, Batocrinus elegans (230511)
Osagean352.0 - 343.0USA (Indiana) Dizygocrinus indianensis, Batocrinus grandis (180968) Eretmocrinus cassedayanus, Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Macrocrinus strotobasilaris (2455) Eretmocrinus magnificus (2257) Eretmocrinus sp. (550 567)
Osagean352.0 - 343.0USA (Kentucky) Abatocrinus grandis, Eretmocrinus magnificus (165246) Abatocrinus n. sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Eretmocrinus magnificus (165242) Abatocrinus n. sp., Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Abatocrinus steropes, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (6203 6206 165192) Abatocrinus n. sp., Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (6204 6205) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus (6200 76447) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis (165191) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus robustus (165204) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Uperocrinus nashvillae (165200) Eretmocrinus magnificus (165245) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Abatocrinus steropes, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (165193) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus (165202) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus (165244) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus (6202) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus kammeri, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (165195) Macrocrinus sp., Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae (165201) Macrocrinus sp., Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae (165194)
Osagean - Chadian352.0 - 340.0USA (Kentucky) Macrocrinus sp., Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Eretmocrinus ramulosus, Magnuscrinus praegravis, Uperocrinus nashvillae, Uperocrinus robustus (6201) Macrocrinus sp., Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Magnuscrinus praegravis (165199)
Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Missouri) Macrocrinus mundulus (726)
Chadian346.7 - 340.0United Kingdom Megistocrinus globosus (90820)
Chadian346.7 - 340.0USA (Kentucky) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus (76446) Eretmocrinus sp. (2677 2680) Eretmocrinus yandelli (5869) Macrocrinus sp. (2673)
Chadian346.7 - 340.0USA (Indiana) Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Eretmocrinus magnificus (2442 2445) Eretmocrinus magnificus (2202 2250 2439) Eretmocrinus magnificus, Macrocrinus strotobasilaris (2208) Macrocrinus strotobasilarsis, Eretmocrinus magnificus (2252) Uperocrinus apheles, Eretmocrinus magnificus, Macrocrinus mundulus, Macrocrinus strotobasilaris (2059)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Illinois) Macrocrinus mundulus (718)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Iowa) Macrocrinus mundulus (720 721)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Missouri) Macrocrinus mundulus (723 724 725 727)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Indiana) Abatocrinus sp., Alloprosallocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp., Macrocrinus sp. (558) Abatocrinus sp., Dizygocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp., Macrocrinus sp. (556) Dizygocrinus indianaensis (8114 8117 8119 8126 8128 8129 8137 8138) Dizygocrinus indianaensis, Abatocrinus grandis (699 8121) Dizygocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp. (8067) Dizygocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp., Macrocrinus sp. (557) Eretmocrinus sp. (8069 8071 8074 8080) Eretmocrinus sp., Macrocrinus sp. (8068 8070 8072) Macrocrinus sp. (8075)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Kentucky) Dizygocrinus montgomeryensis, Dizygocrinus biturbinatus, Abatocrinus grandis, Alloprosallocrinus conicus, Macrocrinus mundulus (37879)
Meramecian343.0 - 335.5USA (Indiana) Batocrinus isodactylus (2833) Batocrinus sp., Dizygocrinus venustus, Dizygocrinus whitei (6698) Dizygocrinus sp. (6681 6699)
Meramecian343.0 - 335.5USA (Kentucky) Batocrinus calyculus (2828 2831) Batocrinus calyculus, Batocrinus spergenensis (2822) Batocrinus calyculus, Eretmocrinus sp., Batocrinus spergenensis (2781) Batocrinus icosodactylus, Dizygocrinus whitei, Dizygocrinus sp., Eretmocrinus sp., Batocrinus spergenensis (2780) Batocrinus sp., Macrocrinus verneuillianus (2713) Dizygocrinus whitei (2829 2830) Eretmocrinus sp. (2826)
Brigantian336.0 - 330.9USA (Alabama) Batocrinus sp. (2710)
Atokan318.6 - 312.8USA (Colorado) Eretmocrinus sawdoi (90879)