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Tanystropheidae
Taxonomy
Tanystropheidae was named by Gervais (1859). It was considered monophyletic by Sennikov (2011).
It was assigned to Tanysitrachelia by Kuhn (1966); to Squamata by Kuhn (1971); to Prolacertiformes by Seiffert (1975); to Prolacertiformes by Chatterjee (1980); to Prolacertiformes by Benton (1985); to Prolacertiformes by Senter (2004); to Protorosauria by Chatterjee (1986), Carroll (1988), Renesto (2005), Sennikov (2011); and to Archosauromorpha by Ezcurra (2016), Spiekman and Scheyer (2019), Dalla Vecchia (2020), Spiekman et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Tanysitrachelia by Kuhn (1966); to Squamata by Kuhn (1971); to Prolacertiformes by Seiffert (1975); to Prolacertiformes by Chatterjee (1980); to Prolacertiformes by Benton (1985); to Prolacertiformes by Senter (2004); to Protorosauria by Chatterjee (1986), Carroll (1988), Renesto (2005), Sennikov (2011); and to Archosauromorpha by Ezcurra (2016), Spiekman and Scheyer (2019), Dalla Vecchia (2020), Spiekman et al. (2020).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1859 | Tanystropheidae Gervais |
| 1923 | Tribelesodontidae Nopcsa |
| 1928 | Tribelesodontidae Nopcsa p. 187 |
| 1930 | Tribelesodontidae Hay p. 164 |
| 1935 | Macroscelosauridae Kuhn |
| 1966 | Tanystropheidae Kuhn p. 43 |
| 1971 | Tanystropheidae Kuhn p. 11 |
| 1975 | Tanystropheidae Seiffert p. 9 |
| 1980 | Tanystropheidae Chatterjee p. 198 |
| 1985 | Tanystropheidae Benton p. 154 |
| 1986 | Tanystropheidae Chatterjee pp. 309-311 |
| 1988 | Tanystropheidae Carroll |
| 2004 | Tanystropheidae Senter p. 260 |
| 2005 | Tanystropheidae Renesto p. 378 |
| 2011 | Tanystropheidae Sennikov |
| 2016 | Tanystropheidae Ezcurra |
| 2019 | Tanystropheidae Spiekman and Scheyer |
| 2020 | Tanystropheidae Dalla Vecchia |
| 2020 | Tanystropheidae Spiekman et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Tanystropheidae Gervais 1859
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G. †Langobardisaurus Renesto 1994
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†Langobardisaurus pandolfii Renesto 1994
†Langobardisaurus tonelloi Muscio 1997
Invalid names: Langobardisaurus rossii Bizzarini and Muscio 1995 [nomen dubium]
G. †Macrocnemus Nopcsa 1930
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†Macrocnemus anatinus Huene 1944
†Macrocnemus bassanii Nopcsa 1930
†Macrocnemus fuyuanensis Li et al. 2007
†Macrocnemus obristi Fraser and Furrer 2013
G. †Tanystropheus von Meyer 1852
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†Tanystropheus biharicus Jurcsák 1975
†Tanystropheus conspicuus Meyer 1855
†Tanystropheus haasi Rieppel 2001
†Tanystropheus hydroides Spiekman et al. 2020
†Tanystropheus longobardicus Bassani 1886
†Tanystropheus meridensis Wild 1980
Invalid names: Chelyzoon Huene 1902 [nomen dubium], Chelyzoon blezingeri Huene 1902 [nomen dubium], Chelyzoon latum Huene 1902 [nomen dubium], Macroscelosaurus Münster 1852 [synonym], Nothosaurus blezingeri Fraas 1896 [nomen dubium], Pectenosaurus Huene 1902 [synonym], Procerosaurus Huene 1902 [synonym], Tanystrophaeus posthumus Huene 1908 [nomen dubium], Tribelesodon Bassani 1886 [synonym]
Invalid names: Macroscelosauridae Kuhn 1935 [synonym], Tribelesodontidae Nopcsa 1923 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Collections (55 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk) | Augustaburiania vatagini (93276) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Volgograd) | Augustaburiania vatagini (27343) | |
| Aegean - Bithynian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Amotosaurus rotfeldensis (109490) Tanystropheus longobardicus, Macrocnemus bassanii (134302 134304) | |
| Anisian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Tanystropheus sp. (227834) | |
| Anisian | Romania (Bihor) | Tanystropheus biharicus (196861) | |
| Anisian | United Kingdom (England) | Tanystropheus sp. (88992) | |
| Anisian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Coelurosauria indet. (182564) | |
| Anisian | Israel | Tanystropheus sp. (63924) | |
| Anisian | Switzerland (Ticino) | Macrocnemus bassanii (86828) | |
| Anisian | Poland (Opolskie) | Tanystropheus antiquus (96435) | |
| Anisian | Netherlands (Gelderland) | Tanystropheus antiquus (96875) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Italy (Piedmont) | Macrocnemus bassanii (86708) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Switzerland (Kanton Tessin) | Macrocnemus bassanii, Tanystropheus longobardicus (86837) Tanystropheus hydroides (220431) | |
| Middle Triassic | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Procerosaurus cruralis (187582) Tanystropheus conspicuus, Nothosaurus blezingeri (39763) | |
| Bithynian | Poland (Opolskie) | Tanystropheus antiquus (104812) | |
| Pelsonian | China (Guizhou) | Dinocephalosaurus orientalis (88049) | |
| Pelsonian | Israel | Tanystropheus haasi (182566) | |
| Pelsonian | China (Yunnan) | Dinocephalosaurus orientalis (189035) | |
| Illyrian | Italy | Tribelesodon longobardicus (149323) | |
| Illyrian - Fassanian | Switzerland | Macrocnemus bassanii, Macrocnemus fuyuanensis (122057) | |
| Fassanian | Switzerland (Grisons) | Macrocnemus obristi (172169) | |
| Fassanian | Switzerland (Graubunden) | Macrocnemus obristi (172168) | |
| Ladinian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Tanystropheus sp. (48685) | |
| Ladinian | China (Yunnan) | Macrocnemus fuyuanensis (106668) | |
| Ladinian | Switzerland (Ticino) | Macrocnemus bassanii, Tanystropheus meridensis (86841) Tanystropheus longobardicus (106697) | |
| Ladinian | Saudi Arabia | Tanystropheidae indet. (149547) | |
| Longobardian | China (Guizhou) | Macrocnemus fuyuanensis (98907) Tanystropheus longobardicus (97733) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Tanystropheus sp. (101873) | |
| Carnian | USA (New Mexico) | Tanystropheidae indet. (22718) | |
| Carnian | Italy | Raibliania calligarisi (212025) | |
| Late/Upper Triassic | USA (New Mexico) | Tanystropheidae indet. (197141) | |
| Norian | USA (Arizona) | Tanystropheidae indet. (223390) Tanytrachelos sp. (39160 39219) | |
| Norian | USA (New Jersey) | Tanytrachelos ahynis (12856 91743) Tanytrachelos sp. (187289 187317 187318 227832) | |
| Norian | USA (North Carolina) | Tanytrachelos ahynis (55493) | |
| Norian | Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) | Tanystropheus posthumus (47785) | |
| Norian | Italy (Bergamo) | Tanystropheus fossai (196866) | |
| Alaunian | Italy (Lombardia) | Langobardisaurus pandolfii (59639) | |
| Alaunian - Sevatian | Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) | Langobardisaurus sp. (83781) Langobardisaurus tonelloi (83541) | |
| Sevatian | Austria (Tirol) | Langobardisaurus pandolfii (83351) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Chelyzoon sp. (139485 139489) |