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Mesosauria

Osteichthyes

Taxonomy
Mesosauria was named by Seeley (1892).

It was reranked as the order Mesosauri by Gadow (1898), Jaekel (1910); it was corrected as Mesosauri by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the order Mesosauria by Huene (1954), Karl et al. (2007).

It was assigned to Plesiosauria by Gadow (1898); to Rhynchocephalia by Osborn (1903); to Enaliosauri by Jaekel (1910); to Gephyrostegi by Jaekel (1911); to Ichthyopterygia by Haughton and Brink (1954); to Theromorphoidea by Huene (1954); to Cotylosauria by Carroll (1969); to Anapsida by Carroll (1988); to Amniota by Gauthier et al. (1989); and to Proganosauromorpha by Karl et al. (2007).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1887Proganosauria Baur p. 103
1890Proganosauria Zittel p. 592
1892Mesosauria Seeley p. 604
1892Proganosauria Seeley p. 604
1898Mesosauri Gadow p. 23
1903Mesosauria Osborn p. 276
1903Proganosauria Osborn p. 276
1903Proganosauria Stefano p. 54
1904Proganosauria Osborn p. 109
1910Mesosauri Jaekel p. 334
1911Mesosauri Jaekel p. 139
1937Proganosauria Roxo p. 43
1946Proganosauria Kuhn p. 58
1954Mesosauria Haughton and Brink p. 3
1954Mesosauria Huene p. 26
1969Mesosauria Carroll p. 167
1988Mesosauria Carroll
1989Mesosauria Gauthier et al. p. 340
2007Mesosauria Karl et al. p. 67

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
RankNameAuthor
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
suborderMesosauria
suborderMesosauria

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. †Mesosauria Seeley 1892
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Fm. †Mesosauridae Baur 1889
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G. †Brazilosaurus Shikama and Ozaki 1966
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Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis Shikama and Ozaki 1966
G. †Mesosaurus Gervais 1865
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Mesosaurus tenuidens Gervais 1865
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Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus capensis Gürich 1889 [synonym], Mesosaurus brasiliensis Mac Gregor 1908 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus Gürich 1889 [synonym]
G. †Stereosternum Cope 1885
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Stereosternum tumidum Cope 1885
Invalid names: Mesosaurus pleurogaster Seeley 1892 [nomen dubium], Noteosaurus Broom 1913 [invalid subgroup], Noteosaurus africanus Broom 1913 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Neusticosauria Seeley 1892 [empty], Proganosauria Baur 1887 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
H. F. Osborn 1903 (Proganosauria)Aquatic Diaptosauria. Greatly elongated face. Slender prehensile teeth. Vertebrae expanded superiorly (i.e.,neurocentra), perforated below by notochord, amphicoelous; hypocentra generally wanting. Caudals with 'splitting point.' Ribs slender, proximally attached to grooves in pleurocentra, expanded distally. Pectoral girdle plate-like,without sutural division of procoracoid and coracoid. Pelvic girdle plate-like, with broad pubes perforated by obturator foramen, and more elongate ischia. Five free distal tarsalia.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2017-04-17 15:15:35
Modified: 2017-04-17 15:15:35
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Kiessling 2004, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: Artinskian or 290.10000 to 283.30000 Ma

Collections (39 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Namibia (Erongo) Mesosaurus tenuidens (28468 28469 28470 28471)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Brazil (Ceará) Stereosternum tumidum (90216)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Uruguay (Cerro Largo) Mesosaurus sp., Mesosaurus brasiliensis (90863 90865)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Namibia (Karas) Mesosaurus sp. (90780) Mesosaurus sp., Mesosaurus tenuidens (90755)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Mesosauridae indet. (79927) Stereosternum tumidum, Mesosaurus tenuidens (90191)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Brazil (Goiás) Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis, Stereosternum tumidum (89833) Mesosauridae indet., Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis, Stereosternum tumidum, Mesosaurus tenuidens (89839)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Brazil (Paraná) Mesosauridae indet., Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis, Stereosternum tumidum (90227) Mesosauridae indet., Mesosaurus tenuidens (90190) Mesosaurus brasiliensis (90341 90573) Mesosaurus tenuidens (90344 90423) Mesosaurus tenuidens, Mesosaurus brasiliensis (90323)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3South Africa (Northern Cape) Ditrochosaurus capensis (89799) Mesosaurus sp., Mesosaurus pleurogaster (90257) Mesosaurus tenuidens (90303 90311 90312 90345) Noteosaurus africanus (13083)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Paraguay (Guairá) Mesosauridae indet., Mesosaurus tumidus (90832)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Brazil (São Paulo) Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis (90214) Mesosauria indet. (242348) Mesosauridae indet. (90358) Mesosauridae indet., Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis, Stereosternum tumidum (90429) Mesosauridae indet., Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis, Stereosternum tumidum, Mesosaurus tenuidens (90193) Mesosauridae indet., Stereosternum tumidum (90226) Mesosaurus tenuidens (90339) Stereosternum tumidum (90192 90217) Stereosternum tumidum, Mesosaurus brasiliensis (90215)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Mesosauridae indet. (230311)