PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Gavia arctica (Arctic loon)

Reptilia - Theropoda - Gaviidae

Taxonomy

Colymbus arcticus was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant.

It was recombined as Gavia arctica by Wetmore (1956), Guthrie (1992), Varricchio (2002), Zelenkov et al. (2008), del Hoyo et al. (2014) and Clements et al. (2017).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1758	Colymbus arcticus Linnaeus p. 135
1956	Gavia arctica Wetmore p. 7
1992	Gavia arctica Guthrie p. 320
2002	Gavia arctica Varricchio
2008	Gavia arctica Zelenkov et al.
2014	Gavia arctica del Hoyo et al.
2017	Gavia arctica Clements et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
order	Theropoda
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
—	Aequornithes
—	Gaviiformes	(Wetmore and Miller 1926)
family	Gaviidae	Allen 1897
genus	Gavia	Forster 1788
species	arctica	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Gavia arctica Linnaeus 1758 [Arctic loon]

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Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2009-01-03 20:39:15

Modified:

2009-01-03 22:39:15

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Rancholabrean to the top of the Holocene or 0.30000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (12 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (California)	Gavia arctica (20639)
Rancholabrean (glacial)	0.3 - 0.012	USA (California)	Gavia arctica (20624)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	Gavia arctica (20273 125234)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Ukraine	Gavia arctica (215547)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Russian Federation	Gavia arctica (194810)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Canada (Northwest Territories)	Gavia arctica (228444 228921)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	USA (Alaska)	Gavia arctica (220460)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Finland	Gavia arctica (209145)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Canada (Yukon)	Gavia arctica (228443)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Canada (Nunavut)	Gavia arctica (228896)