PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Issinae

Insecta - Hemiptera - Issidae

Taxonomy

Issinae was named by Spinola (1839). It is extant. Its type is Issus.

It was assigned to Issidae by Melichar (1906), Gnezdilov and Bourgoin (2016), Szwedo (2019), Bourgoin et al. (2020), Gnezdilov et al. (2022), Gnezdilov et al. (2023).

Subtaxa

Issini, Parahiraciini, Thioniini

Synonyms

Thioninae was named by Melichar (1906). It is extant. Its type is Thionia.

It was corrected as Thioniinae by Bourgoin et al. (2020); it was synonymized subjectively with Issinae by Gnezdilov et al. (2022).

It was assigned to Issidae by Melichar (1906), Bourgoin et al. (2020).
Hemisphaeridae was named by Melichar (1906). It is extant.

It was reranked as the subfamily Hemisphaeriinae by Bourgoin et al. (2020); it was synonymized subjectively with Issinae by Gnezdilov et al. (2022).

It was assigned to Issidae by Bourgoin et al. (2020).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1839	Issinae Spinola p. 204
1906	Issinae Melichar
1906	Thioninae Melichar
2016	Issinae Gnezdilov and Bourgoin p. 632
2019	Issinae Szwedo p. 365
2020	Hemisphaeriinae Bourgoin et al.
2020	Issinae Bourgoin et al.
2020	Thioniinae Bourgoin et al.
2022	Issinae Gnezdilov et al.
2023	Issinae Gnezdilov et al. p. 492

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Gravenhorst 1843
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata
class	Insecta

Rank	Name	Author
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Clareocercaria
—	Acercaria	()
superorder	Pancondylognatha
—	Condylognatha
order	Hemiptera
—	Hemelytrata	Fallen 1829
suborder	Fulgoromorpha	(Evans 1946)
informal	Eucixioidian
superfamily	Fulgoroidea
family	Issidae
subfamily	Issinae
subfamily	Issinae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Issinae Spinola 1839

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Tr. Issini Spinola 1839

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G. †Issites Haupt 1956

†Issites glaber Haupt 1956

G. Issus Fabricius 1803

Tr. Parahiraciini Cheng and Yang 1991

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G. †Bolbossus Gnezdilov and Bourgoin 2016

†Bolbossus bervoetsi Gnezdilov and Bourgoin 2016

Invalid names: Issus reticulatus Bervoets 1910 [replaced]

Tr. Thioniini Melichar 1906

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G. Thionia Stal 1859

Subtr. Thioniina Melichar 1906

G. Cheiloceps Uhler 1895

†Cheiloceps arachnophila Dietrich et al. 2023

†Cheiloceps douglundbergi Stroinski and Szwedo 2008

†Cheiloceps magnifrons Gnezdilov et al. 2023

Invalid names: Hemisphaeriinae Melichar 1906 [synonym], Thioniinae Melichar 1906 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Langhian or 48.07000 to 13.82000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.03 Ma

Collections (5 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt)	Issites glaber (114060)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Issus reticulatus (124073)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	Cheiloceps arachnophila (232751) Cheiloceps magnifrons (232748) Thionia douglundbergi (124427)