PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Polybranchiaspidiformes

Galeaspidomorphi - Polybranchiaspidiformes

Taxonomy

Polybranchiaspidiformes was named by Liu (1965). It is not extant.

It was assigned to Polybranchiaspidida by Zhu and Gai (2007), Gai et al. (2018), van der Laan (2019).

Subtaxa

Duyunolepididae, Gumuaspidae, Pentathyraspididae, Polybranchiaspididae

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1965	Polybranchiaspidiformes Liu
2007	Polybranchiaspidiformes Zhu and Gai p. 164
2018	Polybranchiaspidiformes Gai et al. p. 5
2019	Polybranchiaspidiformes van der Laan p. 25

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata

Rank	Name	Author
superclass	Osteostracomorphi
class	Galeaspidomorphi
superorder	Polybranchiaspidida
order	Polybranchiaspidiformes	Liu 1965
order	Polybranchiaspidiformes	Liu 1965

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Polybranchiaspidiformes Liu 1965

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Fm. †Duyunolepididae Pan and Wang 1978

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G. †Duyunolepis Pan and Wang 1982

†Duyunolepis paoyangensis Pan and Wang 1982

G. †Foxaspis Gai et al. 2023

†Foxaspis novemura Gai et al. 2023

G. †Lopadaspis Wang et al. 2001

†Lopadaspis pinglensis Wang et al. 2001

G. †Neoduyunaspis Pan and Wang 1978

†Neoduyunaspis minuta Pan and Wang 1978

G. †Paraduyunaspis Pan and Wang 1978

†Paraduyunaspis hezhangensis Pan and Wang 1978

Fm. †Gumuaspidae Gai et al. 2018

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G. †Gumuaspis Wang and Wang 1992

†Gumuaspis rostrata Wang and Wang 1992

G. †Nanningaspis Gai et al. 2018

†Nanningaspis zengi Gai et al. 2018

G. †Platylomaspis Gai et al. 2018

†Platylomaspis serratus Gai et al. 2018

G. †Pseudolaxaspis Gai et al. 2018

†Pseudolaxaspis rostrata Liu 1975

Fm. †Pentathyraspididae Pan 1992

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G. †Microhoplonaspis Pan 1992

†Microhoplonaspis microthyris Pan 1992

G. †Pentathyraspis Pan 1992

†Pentathyraspis pelta Pan 1992

Fm. †Polybranchiaspididae Liu 1965

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G. †Altigibbaspis Yu-Hai et al. 2018

†Altigibbaspis huiqingae Yu-Hai et al. 2018

G. †Bannhuanaspis Janvier et al. 1993

†Bannhuanaspis vukhuci Janvier et al. 1993

G. †Clororbis Pan and Ji 1993

†Clororbis appronomedianus Pan and Ji 1993

G. †Cyclodiscaspis Liu 1975

†Cyclodiscaspis ctenus Liu 1975

G. †Damaspis Wang and Wang 1982

†Damaspis qujingensis Shan et al. 2024

†Damaspis vartus Wang and Wang 1982

G. †Diandongaspis Liu 1975

†Diandongaspis xishancunensis Liu 1975

G. †Dongfangaspis Liu 1975

†Dongfangaspis major Liu 1975

†Dongfangaspis qujingensis Pan and Wang 1981

G. †Laxaspis Liu 1975

†Laxaspis qujingensis Liu 1975

†Laxaspis yulongssus Liu 1975

G. †Polybranchiaspis Liu 1965

†Polybranchiaspis gracilis Cao 1985

†Polybranchiaspis liaojiaoshanensis Liu 1965

†Polybranchiaspis miandiancunensis Pan and Wang 1978

†Polybranchiaspis minor Liu 1975

†Polybranchiaspis rhombicus Cao 1985

†Polybranchiaspis sinensis Cao 1985

†Polybranchiaspis yunnanensis Cao 1985

†Polybranchiaspis zhanyiensis Pan and Wang 1978

G. †Siyingia Wang and Wang 1982

†Siyingia altuspinosa Wang and Wang 1982

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 15:11:50

Modified:

2017-04-17 15:11:50

Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Telychian to the top of the Eifelian or 438.60000 to 387.95000 Ma

Collections (16 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	China (Jiangxi )	Gumuaspidae indet. (232461)
Telychian	438.6 - 432.9	China (Xinjiang)	Platylomaspis serratus (182524)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	China (Yunnan)	Polybranchiaspis sp. (27912)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	China (Yunnan)	Dongfangaspis yunnanensis, Dongfangaspis paradoxus, Polybranchiaspis yulongssus, Polybranchiaspis liaojiaoshanensis, Polybranchiaspis minor, Polybranchiaspis zhanyiensis, Laxaspis qujingensis, Dongfangaspis qujingensis, Damaspis vartus, Diandongaspis xishancunensis, Laxaspis rostrata, Pentathyraspis pelta, Microhoplonaspis microthyris (173380) Polybranchiaspis liaojiaoshanensis, Siyingia altuspinosa, Laxaspis qujingensis, Laxaspis yulongssus, Cyclodiscaspis ctenus, Pseudolaxaspis rostrata (162781) Pseudolaxaspis rostrata, Altigibbaspis huiqingae (237781)
Lochkovian - Pragian	419.62 - 410.62	Vietnam (Bac Kan)	Bannhuanaspis vukhuci (238033)
Early/Lower Devonian	419.62 - 393.47	China (Guangxi)	Nanningaspis zengi (223840)
Late/Upper Lochkovian	414.6 - 413.02	Vietnam	Laxaspis yulongssus (239311) Polybranchiaspis sp. (238525)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	China	Dongfangaspis major (238089) Foxaspis novemura (238271)
Pragian - Middle Devonian	413.02 - 382.31	China (Yunnan)	Gumuaspis rostrata (10895)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	China	Duyunolepis paoyangensis (238123)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	China	Lopadaspis pinglensis (238076)
Eifelian	393.47 - 387.95	China	Dongfangaspis sp. (238390)