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Culicoidea

Insecta - Diptera

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1818Culicoidea Meigen p. XXXIII
1985Culicoidea Kalugina p. 65
2002Culicoidea Hong p. 160
2007Culicoidea Yeates et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
—Mandibulata
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—AltocrustaceaRegier et al. 2010
superclassAllotriocarida
—Athalassocarida
—LabiocaridaSchwentner et al. 2017
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
RankNameAuthor
—Cercofilata
classInsecta
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
subclassPterygota()
—NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
—Holometabola
—Aparaglossata
—Panorpida
superorderAntliophora
orderDiptera
infraorderCulicomorpha
superfamilyCulicoidea
superfamilyCulicoidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Culicoidea Meigen 1818
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Fm. Chaoboridae Edwards 1920 [phantom midge]
+
G. †Chachotosha Lukashevich 1996
+
†Chachotosha perplexus Lukashevich 1996
†Chachotosha probatus Lukashevich 1996
Subfm. Chaoborinae Edwards 1920
+
G. Chaoborus Lichtenstein 1800
+
†Chaoborus abundans Baranov et al. 2024
†Chaoborus ciliatus Meunier 1904
†Chaoborus kishenehnicus Baranov and Haug 2021
†Chaoborus rarus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
†Chaoborus tertiarius von Heyden 1862
Invalid names: Corethra Meigen 1803 [synonym], Culicites von Heyden 1862 [synonym]
G. Mochlonyx Loew 1844
+
†Mochlonyx secundus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
†Mochlonyx sepultus Loew 1844
Invalid names: Mochlonyx atavus Loew 1861 [nomen nudum]
G. †Chaoborites Kalugina 1985
+
†Chaoborites argillaceus Kalugina 1985
G. †Chaoburmus Lukashevich 2000
+
†Chaoburmus amphilogos Lukashevich 2011
†Chaoburmus breviusculus Lukashevich 2000
†Chaoburmus victimaartis Lukashevich 2000
G. †Chironomaptera Ping 1928
+
†Chironomaptera bucucunica Kalugina 1985
†Chironomaptera collessi Jell and Duncan 1986
†Chironomaptera gobiensis Cockerell 1924
†Chironomaptera gregaria Grabau 1923
+
Invalid names: Chironomaptera melanura Ping 1928 [synonym]
†Chironomaptera karabonica Kalugina 1993
†Chironomaptera scobloi Kalugina 1985
†Chironomaptera vesca Kalugina 1980
+
Invalid names: Petiolatendipes shouchangensis Lin 1980 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mesotendipes Hong 1982 [objective synonym], Petiolatendipes Lin 1980 [synonym]
Subfm. †Chironomapterinae Kalugina 1974
+
G. †Astrocorethra Kalugina 1986
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†Astrocorethra gurvanica Kalugina 1986
†Astrocorethra khukhmortica Kalugina 1986
†Astrocorethra mjangadica Kalugina 1986
G. †Baleiomyia Kalugina 1993
+
†Baleiomyia discussoria Kalugina 1993
G. †Helokrenia Kalugina 1985
+
†Helokrenia nana Kalugina 1985
G. †Hypsocorethra Kalugina 1985
+
†Hypsocorethra jurassica Kalugina 1985
†Hypsocorethra toficola Kalugina 1985
G. †Mesocorethra Kalugina 1993
+
†Mesocorethra cincta Lukashevich 2011
†Mesocorethra levis Kalugina 1993
G. †Praechaoborus Kalugina 1985
+
†Praechaoborus tugnuicus Kalugina 1985
†Praechaoborus udaensis Kalugina 1985
Invalid names: Mesotendipedinae Hong 1982 [objective synonym]
G. †Dixamima Rohdendorf 1951
+
†Dixamima villosa Rohdendorf 1951
Subfm. Eucorethrinae Edwards 1932
+
G. †Libanoculex Azar et al. 2023
+
†Libanoculex intermedius Azar et al. 2023
Invalid names: Libanoculicinae Azar et al. 2023 [synonym]
G. †Gedanoborus Szadziewski and Giłka 2007
+
†Gedanoborus kerneggeri Szadziewski and Giłka 2007
†Gedanoborus resinatus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
G. †Jordanobotomus Kaddumi 2005
+
†Jordanobotomus faigi Kaddumi 2005
G. †Libanoborus Azar et al. 2009
+
†Libanoborus lukashevichae Azar et al. 2009
G. †Mesochaoborus Zhang et al. 1986
+
†Mesochaoborus pallens Zhang et al. 1986
G. †Palaeomochlonyx Wichard et al. 2009
+
†Palaeomochlonyx aestimabilis Seredszus and Wichard 2009
G. †Rhaetomyia Rohdendorf 1962
+
†Rhaetomyia herrigi Ansorge 1996
†Rhaetomyia necopinata Rohdendorf 1962
G. †Taimyborus Lukashevich 1999
+
†Taimyborus aequiarticulatus Lukashevich 1999
G. †Triassomyia Lukashevich 2022
+
†Triassomyia shcherbakovi Lukashevich 2022
Invalid names: Corethra exita Scudder 1877 [nomen dubium], Dixamimidae Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym], Rhaetomyiidae Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym]
Fm. Corethrellidae Newman 1834 [frog biting midge]
+
G. Corethrella Coquillett 1902
+
Subg. Corethrella (Corethrella) Coquillett 1902
+
†Corethrella (Corethrella) miocaenica Szadziewski et al. 1994
†Corethrella (Corethrella) nudistyla Borkent and Szadziewski 1992
†Corethrella (Corethrella) prisca Borkent and Szadziewski 1992
†Corethrella (Corethrella) rovnoensis Baranov and Kvifte 2016
†Corethrella (Corethrella) sontagae Baranov and Kvifte 2016
Subg. †Corethrella (Fossicorethrella) Szadziewski 1995
+
†Corethrella andersoni Poinar and Szadziewski 2007
†Corethrella patula Baranov and Kvifte 2019
Fm. Culicidae Meigen 1818 [mosquito]
+
Subfm. Anophelinae Bassi 1900
+
G. Anopheles Meigen 1818
+
Subg. Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) Blanchard 1902
+
†Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) dominicanus Zavortink and Poinar 2000
†Anopheles rottensis Statz 1944
G. †Priscoculex Poinar et al. 2019
+
†Priscoculex burmanicus Poinar et al. 2019
Subfm. †Burmaculicinae Borkent and Grimaldi 2016
+
G. †Burmaculex Borkent and Grimaldi 2004
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†Burmaculex antiquus Borkent and Grimaldi 2004
Subfm. Culicinae Meigen 1818
+
Tr. Aedini Neveu-Lemaire 1902
+
G. Aedes Meigen 1818
+
Subg. †Aedes (Finlaya) Szadziewski 1998
G. †Aetheapnomyia Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
+
†Aetheapnomyia hoffeinsorum Szadziewski 1998
G. †Eoaedes Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
+
†Eoaedes damzeni Szadziewski 1998
G. Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribalzaga 1891
+
†Ochlerotatus protolepis Cockerell 1915
+
Invalid names: Culex petrifactellus Cockerell 1915 [synonym]
†Ochlerotatus serafini Szadziewski 1998
Invalid names: Taeniorhynchus Lynch Arribalzaga 1891 [synonym]
Tr. Culicini Meigen 1818
+
G. Culex Linnaeus 1758
+
Subg. Culex (Neoculex) Dyar 1905
†Culex damnatorum Scudder 1890
†Culex ekaterinae Giłka et al. 2021
†Culex erikae Szadziewski and Szadziewska 1985
+
Invalid names: Aedes perkunas Podenas 1999 [synonym]
†Culex flavus Gistl 1831
†Culex malariager Poinar 2005
†Culex protorhinus Cockerell 1915
†Culex vectensis Edwards 1923
†Culex winchesteri Cockerell 1919
Tr. Culisetini Belkin 1962
+
G. Culiseta Felt 1904
+
†Culiseta gedanica Szadziewski and Giłka 2011
†Culiseta kishenehn Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
†Culiseta lemniscata Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
Tr. Mansoniini Belkin 1962
+
G. Coquillettidia Dyar 1905
+
†Coquillettidia cockerelli Edwards 1923
G. Mansonia Blanchard 1901
+
†Mansonia martinii Statz 1944
†Mansonia varivestita Statz 1944
Tr. Toxorhynchitini Theobald 1905
+
G. Toxorhynchites Theobald 1901 [elephant mosquito]
+
+
Invalid names: Culex loewi Giebel 1862 [synonym]
G. †Neoculicites Evenhuis 1994
+
†Neoculicites ceyx von Heyden 1870
†Neoculicites depereti Meunier 1915
Invalid names: Culicites Meunier 1915 [replaced]
G. †Paleoculicis Poinar et al. 2000
+
†Paleoculicis minutus Poinar et al. 2000
Fm. Dixidae Van der Wulp 1877 [meniscus midge]
+
G. Dixa Meigen 1818
+
†Dixa minuta Meunier 1906
†Dixa tertiaria Meunier 1915
+
Invalid names: Dixa hyalipennis Theobald 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eriopterites Meunier 1915 [synonym]
G. Dixella Dyar and Shannon 1924
+
†Dixella curvistyla Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella distans Hennig 1966
†Dixella eomarginata Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella filiforceps Hennig 1966
†Dixella intacta Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
Dixella lirio Dyar and Shannon 1924
†Dixella priscula Cockerell 1921
†Dixella spinilobata Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella succinea Meunier 1906
Invalid names: Paradixa Tonnoir 1924 [synonym]
G. †Eucorethrina Kalugina 1985
+
†Eucorethrina convexa Lukashevich 1996
†Eucorethrina flexa Kalugina 1985
†Eucorethrina westwoodi Lukashevich et al. 2001
G. †Syndixa Lukashevich 1996
+
†Syndixa liasina Lukashevich 1996
†Syndixa mollis Lukashevich 1996
†Syndixa sibirica Lukashevich 1996
Invalid names: Dixa cimbrica Ansorge 1992 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ladinian to the top of the Holocene or 241.46400 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 237.0 Ma

Collections (142 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Triassomyia shcherbakovi (228748)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.4 - 192.9Kyrgyzstan (Tonskiy) Rhaetomyia necopinata (105086) Syndixa liasina (105084)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Rhaetomyia herrigi (114993)
Toarcian - Aalenian184.2 - 170.9Russian Federation (Kemerovo) Chironomaptera bucucunica (125475)
Bajocian - Bathonian170.9 - 165.3Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Eucorethrina flexa, Syndixa sibirica, Syndixa mollis, Helokrenia nana, Chaoborites argillaceus (118010)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Russian Federation Praechaoborus tugnuicus (123219)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Russian Federation (Buryatia) Hypsocorethra jurassica (123195) Hypsocorethra sp. (123147)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Russian Federation (Chita) Chaoboridae indet. (125499)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Russian Federation (Buryat) Praechaoborus tugnuicus (105017)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian161.5 - 149.2Russian Federation (Chita) Chironomaptera scobloi (114661)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian161.5 - 149.2Russian Federation (Buryat) Hypsocorethra toficola (114614) Praechaoborus udaensis, Hypsocorethra toficola (104950)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1Russian Federation (Chita) Chaoboridae indet. (143412)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1Russian Federation Chaoboridae indet., Chironomaptera bucucunica (114317)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Kazakhstan Dixamima villosa (122331) Eucorethrina sp. (105426)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bayern) Culicoidea indet. (123144)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Russian Federation (Chita) Baleiomyia discussoria, Mesocorethra levis (114307 123197) Mesocorethra levis (125407)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Russian Federation Praechaoborus sp. (125408)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Mongolia Chaoburmus amphilogos (121394) Mesocorethra cincta, Eucorethrina convexa (104748)
Early/Lower Berriasian143.1 - 141.0United Kingdom (England) Eucorethrina westwoodi (118914)
Berriasian - Barremian143.1 - 121.4Russian Federation (Yakutiya) Eucorethrina sp. (110818)
Middle Berriasian141.0 - 139.1United Kingdom (England) Chaoboridae indet. (160652)
Late/Upper Berriasian139.1 - 137.05United Kingdom (England) Dixidae indet. (104003) Eucorethrina westwoodi (103833)
Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77China (Gansu) Chironomaptera sp. 1 (140463)
Late/Upper Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77United Kingdom (England) Chaoboridae indet. (106281)
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4Lebanon Corethrella cretacea (124276) Libanoborus lukashevichi, Libanoculex intermedius (122471)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Hebei) Leptoplecia zhangshanyingensis (155168)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4China (Nei Mongol) Mesotendipes gregaria (154967)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57China (Anhui) Chironomaptera melanura (155595 155609)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Russian Federation (Chita) Chironomaptera vesca (119499)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57China (Zhejiang) Chironomaptera melanura (155610) Petiolatendipes shouchangensis (155603)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Mongolia (Ara-Hangayn aymag) Chachotosha probatus, Chachotosha perplexus (123464)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Shandong) Chironomaptera gregaria (154892 154893 154894 156554 156555) Chironomaptera gregaria, Chironomaptera vesca (106313) Chironomaptera melanura (156601) Petiolatendipes shouchangensis, Mesochaoborus zhangshanyingensis, Mesochaoborus pallens (125196) Samarura gregaria (156598 164772)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia (Kobdo aimak) Astrocorethra mjangadica (104054)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation (Chita) Chaoboridae indet. (138149) Chironomaptera gregaria (138147 138148) Chironomaptera karabonica (126001)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia (Govi-Altai) Astrocorethra gurvanica (136044) Astrocorethra gurvanica, Chironomaptera gobiensis, Chironomaptera vesca (136021) Chironomaptera gobiensis, Chironomaptera vesca (136020) Chironomaptera sp., Chironomaptera gobiensis, Chironomaptera vesca (122332)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Jilin) Chironomaptera gregaria (151876 172391)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation (Buryatia) Chaoboridae indet. (113350)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Russian Federation Chironomaptera gregaria (138145 138146) Chironomaptera karabonica (124811 138144)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia Astrocorethra mjangadica (136715) Chironomaptera gobiensis (105796) Chironomaptera gregaria (151591 151600) Chironomaptera vesca (151592 151595 151599) Chironomopsis gobiensis (138728)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Liaoning) Chironomaptera gregaria (151536 151537)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Gansu) Chironomaptera gregaria (154779)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia (Gobi-Altai aimak) Astrocorethra khukhmortica, Chironomaptera gobiensis, Chironomaptera vesca (104055)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2Australia (Victoria) Dixidae indet., Chironomaptera collessi (77192)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Jordan Jordanobotomus faigi (124847)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar (Kachin) Burmaculex antiquus (123113) Corethrella andersoni, Priscoculex burmanicus (104053)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Myanmar Burmaculex antiquus, Corethrella patula (111688) Chaoburmus breviusculus, Chaoburmus victimaartis (123020) Corethrella andersoni (187929)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Russian Federation Taimyborus aequiarticulatus (35051)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Arizona) Culicidae indet. (24915)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Alberta) Paleoculicis minutus (34896)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Denmark Dixa cimbrica (123796)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07USA (Colorado) Culex winchesteri (105005)
Bridgerian51.1 - 45.9USA (Wyoming) Culex damnatorum (122090) Culicidae indet. (187757)
Bridgerian51.1 - 45.9USA (Colorado) Corethra exita (121146)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Montana) Chaoborus kishenehnicus, Culex sp. (224195) Culiseta kishenehn (135664) Culiseta kishenehn, Culiseta lemniscata, Dixella eomarginata, Dixella spinilobata (135666) Culiseta kishenehn, Dixella curvistyla (135665) Culiseta sp. (151911) Dixella intacta (183409)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03USA (Mississippi) Chaoboridae indet. (157347)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Germany (Halle) Corethrella miocaenica (152040) Corethrella prisca (129227)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Culex protorhinus, Aedes protolepis, Dixella priscula (21976) Culex protorhinus, Dixa priscula, Aedes protolepis (123960) Dixidae indet., Aedes sp., Culex protolepis, Culex protorhinus, Culex petrifactellus, Culex vectensis, Taeniorhynchus cockerelli (123959)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Poland Aedes serafini, Aedes serafini, Gedanoborus kerneggeri, Coquillettidia gedanica, Coquillettidia adamowiczi, Corethrella miocaenica (110737) Dixa minuta, Paradixa filiforceps, Paradixa distans, Mochlonyx sepultus (109625)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation Culex erikae, Culiseta gedanica, Coquillettidia sp., Aedes hoffeinsorum, Chaoborus rarus, Palaeomochlonyx aestimabilis (123419)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Ukraine Corethrella sontagae, Corethrella rovnoensis (122997) Culex ekaterinae (209304) Culiseta gedanica (216854)
Priabonian37.71 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Aedes damzeni, Gedanoborus resinatus, Palaeomochlonyx aestimabilis (110735) Aedes perkunas (140808) Culex erikae (123221) Dixa minuta (123420) Dixa succinea, Mochlonyx sepultus, Corethra ciliata (123927) Gedanoborus resinatus (124468) Mochlonyx secundus (120814) Paradixa succinea (123926)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3Germany Culex sp. (169856)
MP 2333.9 - 27.3France Culicinae indet. (123913)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3Germany Culex sp. (122407)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) Eriopterites tertiaria (113712)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Dixa hyalipennis, Culicites depereti (122488)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Anopheles rottensis, Mansonia martinii, Mansonia varivestita (122010)
MP 3027.3 - 23.04Germany Culex sp., Culicites tertiarius, Culex ceyx (123945)
MP 3027.3 - 23.04Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Culicites ceyx (138696)
Aquitanian23.04 - 20.45New Zealand Chaoboridae indet. (50035)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Mexico Culiseta sp., Ochlerotatus sp. 1, Ochlerotatus sp. 2 (21977)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Mexico (Chiapas) Toxorhynchites mexicanus (125757)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Spain (Castellon) Chaoboridae indet. (225781)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.45 - 13.82Dominican Republic Anopheles dominicanus (122472) Anopheles sp., Culiseta sp., Corethrella nudistyla, Corethrella dominicana (122982) Culex malariager (124475)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Australia (New South Wales) Chaoborus sp. (224044)
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Texas) Culex sp., Aedes sp. (154909)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8France Culicites arvernensis (113996)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil Culex flavus (155717)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0French Polynesia (Austral Islands) Culex annulirostris (143893)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Culex loewi (129861)