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Cancer (crab)
Taxonomy
Cancer was named by Linnaeus (1758) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-l-l R]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Cancroidea, Cancrinae, Cancerides.
It was assigned to Insecta by Geoffroy (1762); to Pedestria by Scopoli (1763); to Agonata by Fabricius (1775); to Aptera by Linnaeus (1758), Linnaeus (1761), Müller (1764), Schaeffer (1766), Linnaeus (1767), Müller (1776); to Cancridae by Rathbun (1926), Glaessner (1960), Karasawa (1990), Feldmann and Keys (1992), Karasawa (1993); to Decapoda by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cancrinae by Dana (1851), Müller (1984), Berglund and Goedert (1992), Berglund and Goedert (1996), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2002), van Bakel et al. (2003), Schweitzer et al. (2010), Luque et al. (2017), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2019).
It was assigned to Insecta by Geoffroy (1762); to Pedestria by Scopoli (1763); to Agonata by Fabricius (1775); to Aptera by Linnaeus (1758), Linnaeus (1761), Müller (1764), Schaeffer (1766), Linnaeus (1767), Müller (1776); to Cancridae by Rathbun (1926), Glaessner (1960), Karasawa (1990), Feldmann and Keys (1992), Karasawa (1993); to Decapoda by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cancrinae by Dana (1851), Müller (1984), Berglund and Goedert (1992), Berglund and Goedert (1996), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2002), van Bakel et al. (2003), Schweitzer et al. (2010), Luque et al. (2017), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2019).
Species
C. (Cancer), C. allisoni, C. araneus, C. bainbridgensis, C. beaumonti, C. bellianus, C. borealis, C. brewerii, C. burtini, C. carniolicus, C. cassivelaunus, C. chaneyi, C. coosensis, C. dorsipes, C. durhami, C. fissus, C. fujinaensis, C. gabbi, C. garthi, C. irroratus, C. johngarthi, C. maculatus, C. marri, C. meticurensis, C. modestus, C. nancei, C. pagurus, C. parvidens, C. pelagicus, C. porteri, C. proavitus, C. productus, C. punctulatus, C. raninus, C. reversus, C. rhomboides, C. santosi, C. solitarius, C. styriacus, C. tomowoi, C. vancalsteri, C. villabersiani, C. whitfieldi, C. yanceyi, C. zahrae, C. zameniscus
Species lacking formal opinion data
Entered
by J. Sepkoski on 2003-01-23; modified by M. Clapham on 2024-03-08
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Cancer Linnaeus p. 625 |
| 1761 | Cancer Linnaeus p. 492 |
| 1762 | Cancer Geoffroy p. 661 |
| 1763 | Cancer Scopoli p. 405 |
| 1764 | Cancer Müller p. 95 |
| 1766 | Cancer Schaeffer |
| 1767 | Cancer Linnaeus p. 1038 |
| 1775 | Cancer Fabricius p. 400 |
| 1776 | Cancer Müller p. 195 |
| 1851 | Cancer Dana p. 124 |
| 1926 | Cancer Rathbun p. 59 |
| 1960 | Cancer Glaessner p. 20 |
| 1984 | Cancer Müller p. 75 |
| 1990 | Cancer Karasawa p. 5 |
| 1992 | Cancer Berglund and Goedert p. 5 |
| 1992 | Cancer Feldmann and Keys p. 10 |
| 1993 | Cancer Karasawa p. 49 |
| 1996 | Cancer Berglund and Goedert p. 830 |
| 2000 | Cancer Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 226 |
| 2002 | Cancer Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 961 |
| 2002 | Cancer Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Cancer van Bakel et al. p. 102 |
| 2010 | Cancer Schweitzer et al. p. 101 |
| 2017 | Cancer Luque et al. p. 23 |
| 2019 | Cancer Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 2 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Cancer Linnaeus 1758 [crab]
show all | hide all
†Cancer allisoni Nations 1975
Cancer araneus Linnaeus 1758 [great spider crab]
†Cancer bainbridgensis Rathbun 1926
†Cancer beaumonti Milne Edwards 1864
Cancer bellianus Johnson 1861
Cancer borealis Stimpson 1862
†Cancer brewerii Gabb 1866
†Cancer burtini Galeotii 1837
†Cancer carniolicus Bittner 1884
†Cancer cassivelaunus Pennant 1777
†Cancer chaneyi Nations 1975
†Cancer coosensis Nations 1975
†Cancer dorsipes Linnaeus 1758
†Cancer durhami Nations 1975
†Cancer fissus Rathbun 1908
†Cancer fujinaensis Sakumoto et al. 1992
†Cancer gabbi Rathbun 1926
†Cancer garthi Nations 1975
Cancer irroratus Say 1817
Cancer johngarthi Carvacho 1989
†Cancer maculatus Linnaeus 1758 [spotted reef crab]
†Cancer marri Nations 1975
†Cancer meticurensis Thurmann 1853
†Cancer modestus Fritsch and Kafka 1887
†Cancer nancei Bahman et al. 2020
Cancer pagurus Linnaeus 1758
†Cancer parvidens Collins and Fraaye 1991
Cancer pelagicus Linnaeus 1758
Cancer porteri Rathbun 1930
†Cancer proavitus Packard 1900
Cancer productus Randall 1839 [red rock crab]
†Cancer punctulatus Desmarest 1822
†Cancer raninus Linnaeus 1758
†Cancer reversus Fritsch and Kafka 1887
Cancer rhomboides Linnaeus 1758
†Cancer santosi Rathbun 1937
†Cancer solitarius Fritsch and Kafka 1887
†Cancer styriacus Bittner 1884
†Cancer tomowoi Karasawa 1990
†Cancer vancalsteri van Bakel et al. 2003
†Cancer villabersiani Gary 1907
†Cancer whitfieldi Pilsbry 1901
†Cancer yanceyi Nations 1975
†Cancer zahrae Bahman et al. 2020
†Cancer zameniscus Feldmann et al. 2023
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Fearon and Clapham 2023, Turnsek 1997, Aberhan 1992 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Collections (111 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cenomanian | Czechia (Zlín) | Cancer solitarius (276955) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Czechia (Central Bohemia) | Cancer reversus (276942) | |
| Ypresian | USA (California) | Cancer sp. (122294 122337) | |
| Eocene | USA (California) | Cancer gabbi (139652) | |
| Bartonian | Hungary | Cancer bockhii (161773) | |
| Chattian | USA (Washington) | Cancer bainbridgensis (52362) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | USA (Washington) | Cancer bainbridgensis (139655) | |
| Miocene | Japan | Cancer tomowoi (207637) | |
| Neogene | Poland | Cancer styriacus (139757) | |
| Neogene | Belgium (Antwerpen) | Cancer vancalsteri (126563) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Oregon) | Cancer allisoni, Cancer coosensis (39805) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (California) | Cancer allisoni, Cancer chaneyi (226592) | |
| Burdigalian | Argentina | Cancer zameniscus (43002) | |
| Burdigalian - Serravallian | USA (Maryland) | Cancer irroratus (144136) | |
| Langhian | USA (California) | Cancer allisoni (226591) | |
| Middle Miocene | Japan (Gifu) | Cancer sp. (55920) | |
| Middle Miocene | Japan (Shimane) | Cancer fujinaensis, Cancer tomowoi (127708) | |
| Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | Spain (Alicante) | Cancer deshayesi (233212) | |
| Badenian | Poland | Cancer styriacus (32515) | |
| Serravallian | USA (California) | Cancer coosensis (226542) | |
| Serravallian | Hungary | Cancer styriacus (34739) | |
| Tortonian | USA (California) | Cancer coosensis (226474) | |
| Tortonian | Netherlands (Liessel) | Cancer parvidens (133112) | |
| Tortonian | USA (Maryland) | Cancer borealis, Cancer nancei (219172) Cancer zahrae (71631) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | USA (Massachusetts) | Cancer proavitus (144204) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (Virginia) | Cancer borealis (144126) | |
| Tortonian - Piacenzian | USA (California) | Cancer sp. (188305) | |
| Messinian | USA (California) | Cancer marri (226492 226493) | |
| Zanclean | USA (California) | Cancer durhami (226470) Cancer fissus (139656 226490) Cancer marri, Cancer fissus (226479) Cancer productus (226475) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Cancer fissus (139658) Cancer productus (139724 139725) | |
| Zanclean - Gelasian | USA (California) | Cancer sp. (214256) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Japan (Shizuoka) | Cancer japonicus (202452) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Jamaica | Cancer sp. (228744) | |
| Piacenzian | Mexico | Cancer allisoni (226586) Cancer productus (226612) | |
| Piacenzian | Belgium | Cancer pagurus (221310 221313) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (California) | Cancer allisoni, Cancer chaneyi, Cancer productus (226593) Cancer productus (226544 226581 226608 226610) Cancer sp. (186031) Cancer yanceyi (226488) | |
| Gelasian | USA (California) | Cancer sp. (214286) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cancer irroratus (160000) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Cancer irroratus (159994) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cancer chaneyi (226583) Cancer productus (138719 138720 139843) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Maine) | Cancer irroratus (159999) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Cancer irroratus (159995) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Cancer productus (139844) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (California) | Cancer productus (138722 138724) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Chile (Huasco) | Cancer sp. (223690) | |
| Calabrian | USA (California) | Cancer garthi (226489) Cancer productus (220004) | |
| Chibanian | USA (California) | Cancer chaneyi, Cancer productus (219033 226571) Cancer productus (226481 226584 226598 226602) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Cancer coosensis (226487) Cancer productus (226486) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cancer breweri (222663) Cancer chaneyi (226572 226582) Cancer chaneyi, Cancer productus (219857 226574) Cancer productus (20639 84515 138723 200409 219034 226457 226573 226578 226580 226595) Cancer sp. (71054) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan (Ishikawa) | Cancer japonicus (202458) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Morocco | Cancer sp. (127571) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Cancer chaneyi (226567) Cancer chaneyi, Cancer productus (59063) Cancer productus (160361 219031 226477 226478 226585 226609) Cancer sp. (96895) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Cancer irroratus (48886 66720 66721) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Cancer irroratus (57706) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Cancer chaneyi, Cancer productus (96591) | |
| Holocene | Spain | Cancer pagurus (215736 215740) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Cancer borealis (146567) |