PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Solemyinae

Bivalvia - Solemyida - Solemyidae

Taxonomy

Solemyinae was named by Gray (1840). It is extant.

It was assigned to Solemyidae by Bouchet et al. (2010), Carter et al. (2011), Bailey (2021).

Subtaxa

Acharax (syn. Janacekia), Mazonomya

Synonyms

Janacekiidae was named by Ruzicka (1978). It is extant.

It was reranked as the family Janacekiinae by Carter et al. (2011); it was synonymized subjectively with Solemyinae by Bouchet et al. (2010), Bailey (2021).

It was assigned to Solemyacea by Vokes (1980); and to Solemyidae by Carter et al. (2011).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1840	Solemyinae Gray
1978	Janacekiidae Ruzicka
1980	Janacekiidae Vokes p. 222
2010	Solemyinae Bouchet et al.
2011	Janacekiinae Carter et al. p. 5
2011	Solemyinae Carter et al. p. 5
2021	Solemyinae Bailey p. 26

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia

Rank	Name	Author
—	Eubivalvia
subclass	Protobranchia	(Pelseneer 1889)
superorder	Nuculiformii	Dall 1889
order	Solemyida	Newell 1965
superfamily	Solemyoidea	Adams and Adams 1857
family	Solemyidae	Adams and Adams 1857
subfamily	Solemyinae	Gray 1840
subfamily	Solemyinae	Gray 1840

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Solemyinae Gray 1840

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G. Acharax Dall 1908

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Subg. †Acharax (Nacrosolemya) Carter 1990

†Acharax (Nacrosolemya) trapezoides Meek 1874

†Acharax bainii Sharpe 1856

Invalid names: Edmondia brasiliensis Clarke 1913 [synonym]

†Acharax belenensis Olsson 1931

Acharax clarificata Dell 1995

†Acharax costellata M'Coy 1844

†Acharax cylindrica Hind 1907

†Acharax doderleini Mayer 1861

†Acharax dunnensis Palmer 1923

†Acharax frenademezi Prinoth and Posenato 2023

†Acharax herberti Růžička 1978

Invalid names: Janacekia leosi Růžička 1978 [synonym], Janacekia mariae Růžička 1978 [synonym], Janacekia talboti Růžička 1978 [synonym]

†Acharax holmwoodensis Dickins 1963

†Acharax incertis Dickins 1999

Acharax johnsoni Dall 1891

Invalid names: Solemya (Acharax) tibai Kuroda 1948 [synonym], Solemya agassizii Dall 1908 [synonym], Solemya tokunagai Yokoyama 1925 [synonym]

†Acharax normalis Howse 1848

Invalid names: Solemya phillipsiana King 1848 [synonym]

†Acharax parallela Beede and Rogers 1899

†Acharax petschorica Guskov 1984

†Acharax primaeva Phillips 1836

Invalid names: Sanguinolites radiatus M'Coy 1844 [synonym], Solemya puzosiana de Koninck 1842 [synonym]

†Acharax radiata Meek and Worthen 1860

†Acharax solikamica Muromtseva 1981

†Acharax stantoni Vokes 1955

Invalid names: Solemya occidentalis Stanton 1895 [replaced]

†Acharax ventricosa Conrad 1849

Invalid names: Donax protexta Conrad 1849 [synonym]

†Solemya (Acharax) burica Olsson 1942

†Solemya (Acharax) dalli Clark 1925

†Solemya (Acharax) muroensis Natori 1964

Invalid names: Janacekia Růžička 1978 [synonym]

G. †Mazonomya Bailey 2011

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†Mazonomya mazonensis Bailey 2011

Invalid names: Janacekiinae Ruzicka 1978 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitef

Entire body:

yesf

Adult length:

10 to < 100f

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10f

Adult height:

10 to < 100f

Thickness:

thinf

Reinforcement:

nof

Ontogeny:

accretionf

Environment:

lagoonal, coastal, inner shelf, outer shelf, oceanicf

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilef

Life habit:

infaunalf

Diet:

deposit feederf

Diet 2:

chemosymbioticf

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2008-11-15 10:20:27

Modified:

2009-09-21 15:59:49

Source: f = family, c = class

References: Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Emsian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 410.62000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 393.47 Ma

Collections (131 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Devonian	419.62 - 358.86	Brazil (Lambedor)	Janeia braziliensis (75171 75174 75176)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	South Africa	Janeia brazieliensis (35578)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	Brazil	Solemya brasiliensis (37070)
Eifelian	393.47 - 387.95	Brazil	Solemya brasiliensis (37071)
Eifelian - Frasnian	393.47 - 372.15	Brazil	Solemya brasiliensis (37073)
Jiusian	346.7 - 335.1	China (Guangdong)	Solemya primaeva (55698)
Brigantian	335.9 - 330.3	United Kingdom (England)	Sanguinolites costellatus (162351)
Pendleian	330.3 - 326.9	United Kingdom (England)	Sanguinolites costellatus (162352)
Kashirian - Myachkovian	313.8 - 307.0	USA (New Mexico)	Solemya radiata (46548)
Desmoinesian	312.8 - 306.0	USA (Missouri)	Solemya radiata (70256 70272 70298 70382) Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (70255 70296 70381) Solemya trapezoides (70274)
Kasimovian	307.0 - 303.7	USA (New Mexico)	Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (41988)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (Ohio)	Solenomya radiata (175190)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (Kansas)	Solenomya parallela (237801)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (Maryland)	Solemya trapezoides (118828)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (New Mexico)	Solemya trapezoides (50767)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (Missouri)	Solenomya trapezoides, Solenomya parallela (237767)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (New Mexico)	Solemya radiata (156687)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Ohio)	Solenomya radiata (71993)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Illinois)	Solemya trapezoides (50219)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Maryland)	Solemya radiata, Solemya trapezoides (118827)
Gzhelian - Asselian	303.7 - 293.52	Russian Federation	Solemya holmwoodensis (202199)
Sakmarian	293.52 - 290.1	Australia (Western Australia)	Solemya holmwoodensis (107350)
Sakmarian	293.52 - 290.1	USA (New Mexico)	Solemya radiata (39154 39155)
Kungurian	283.3 - 274.4	Russian Federation	Solemya biarmica (114171) Solemya petschorica (114173) Solemya solikamica (97001 109935)
Roadian	274.4 - 266.9	Russian Federation	Solemya solikamica (87303 114384)
Roadian	274.4 - 266.9	USA (Arizona)	Solemya parallella (39999 40001)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Oman	Janeia incertis (105707 105709)
Wordian	266.9 - 264.28	Russian Federation	Janeia normalis (197762)
Wuchiapingian	259.51 - 254.14	China (Hunan)	Solemya holmwoodensis (101951)
Wuchiapingian	259.51 - 254.14	United Kingdom (England)	Janeia normalis (88656 112852 112855) Janeia phillipsiana (130765) Solemya normalis (110500)
Wuchiapingian	259.51 - 254.14	United Kingdom	Solenimya normalis (130870)
Changhsingian	254.14 - 251.902	Italy	Acharax frenademezi (230025 230026 230037 230054)
Middle Tithonian - Late/Upper Tithonian	149.2 - 143.1	USA (California)	Acharax stantoni (151966)
Tithonian	149.2 - 143.1	USA (California)	Solenomya occidentalis (151980)
Valanginian	137.05 - 132.6	USA (California)	Acharax stantoni (151968 151971)
Hauterivian	132.6 - 125.77	USA (California)	Solemya stantoni (151969)
Late/Upper Barremian	125.77 - 121.4	USA (California)	Acharax stantoni (177720)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	USA (California)	Acharax stantoni (151965)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	Japan (Hokkaido)	Acharax mikasaensis (116906)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	Japan (Hokkaido)	Acharax cretacea (117147)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	USA (California)	Solemya dunnensis (201621)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	USA (Washington)	Acharax sp. (172001 172002)
Lutetian - Bartonian	48.07 - 37.71	Russian Federation	Acharax tigilensis (50051)
Lutetian - Priabonian	48.07 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Acharax johnsoni (50140)
Bartonian - Priabonian	41.03 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Acharax tigilensis (50040)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Washington)	Acharax dalli (169032)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Oregon)	Acharax dalli (233549) Solemya willapaensis (126108)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Peru	Solemya belenensis (58685)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Washington)	Acharax dalli (191203)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene	37.71 - 27.3	Japan	Acharax sp. (191323)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 27.3	USA (Alaska)	Solemya sp. (192230)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 27.3	USA (Washington)	Acharax sp. (193971)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Japan	Acharax sp. (191320)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Russian Federation	Acharax subventricosa, Acharax johnsoni (49980)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	USA (Washington)	Acharax sp. (206068 206070) Solemya dalli (180418 180419 205215)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	USA (Oregon)	Acharax sp. (201481)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	Russian Federation	Acharax bosoanum (50122)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	USA (Washington)	Solemya dalli (208167 208168 208169 208170 208171)
Rupelian - Aquitanian	33.9 - 20.45	Russian Federation	Acharax johnsoni (50079)
Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene	33.9 - 15.98	Japan (Wakayama)	Solemya muroensis (205008)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	USA (Washington)	Acharax dalli (91623 221302 221304) Acharax sp. (56871 91619 206066) Solemya dalli (52356 52357 52362 208161)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	Russian Federation	Acharax johnsoni (70521)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	USA (Washington)	Solemya dalli (208152 208154)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Japan (Hokkaido)	Acharax tokunagai (219254)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Japan	Acharax sp. (70356) Solemya tokunagai (57692 173019)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Russian Federation	Acharax johnsoni (70560)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	Italy (Emilia-Romagna)	Acharax subquadrata, Acharax sp., Acharax doderleini (134071)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Slovakia	Solemya doderleini (160736)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	USA (Oregon)	Solemya ventricosa (39584)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	USA (Oregon)	Solemya ventricosa (39591)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Japan (Niigata)	Solemya tokunagai (59181)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Japan	Acharax tokunagai (44961)
Langhian - Tortonian	15.98 - 7.246	Russian Federation	Acharax gigas, Acharax johnsoni (50048)
Badenian	13.82 - 12.8	Slovakia	Solemya doderleini (73135)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Japan (Tochigi)	Solemya tokunagai (234280)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.63 - 5.333	Russian Federation	Acharax johnsoni (70519 70567)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	Japan (Fukushima)	Solemya tokunagai (62296)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Italy	Acharax doderleini (194847)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Japan (Shizuoka)	Solemya johnsoni, Solemya johnsoni (179927)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	USA (California)	Solemya ventricosa (96885)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Italy	Acharax doderleini (48654)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Japan (Fukushima)	Solemya tokunagai (62295)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.0117	Costa Rica	Solemya burica (66797)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	Acharax johnsoni (200653)