PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Ptychopterinae

Insecta - Diptera - Ptychopteridae

Taxonomy

Ptychopterinae was named by Schiner (1864). It is extant.

It was assigned to Ptychopteridae by Lukashevich (1999), Lukashevich et al. (2001).

Subtaxa

Brodilka, Ptychoptera (syn. Ptychopterula, Liriope), Sinoptychopterites

Synonyms

Sinoptychopterites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).
Sinoptychopterites paludus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002), Hong (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1864	Ptychopterinae Schiner
1999	Ptychopterinae Lukashevich
2001	Ptychopterinae Lukashevich et al. p. 457
2002	Sinoptychopterites Hong p. 151
2002	Sinoptychopterites paludus Hong p. 153 figs. Pl 12, fig 3; text-fig 2.7.1-12

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Gravenhorst 1843
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata

Rank	Name	Author
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Aparaglossata
—	Panorpida
superorder	Antliophora
order	Diptera
suborder	Nematocera	Latreille 1825
infraorder	Ptychopteromorpha
family	Ptychopteridae	Osten-Sacken 1862
subfamily	Ptychopterinae	Schiner 1864
subfamily	Ptychopterinae	Schiner 1864

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Ptychopterinae Schiner 1864

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G. †Brodilka Lukashevich et al. 2001

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†Brodilka mitchelli Lukashevich et al. 2001

G. Ptychoptera Meigen 1803

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Subg. Ptychoptera (Ptychoptera) Meigen 1803

†Ptychoptera (Ptychoptera) eocenica Podenas 2007

†Ptychoptera deleta Novák 1878

†Ptychoptera mesozoica Kalugina 1989

†Ptychoptera miocenica Cockerell 1910

Invalid names: Liriope Meigen 1908 [synonym], Ptychopterula Handlirsch 1909 [synonym]

Invalid names: Sinoptychopterites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Berriasian to the top of the MN 4 or 143.10000 to 15.98000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 141.0 Ma

Collections (8 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Berriasian	143.1 - 141.0	United Kingdom (England)	Brodilka mitchelli (122404) Brodilka sp. (105966)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Russian Federation (Buryatia)	Ptychoptera mesozoica (105536)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	China (Liaoning)	Sinoptychopterites paludus (124820)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Ptychoptera eocenica (124503 124517)
Chadronian	37.0 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Bittacomorpha miocenica (106380)
MN 4	16.9 - 15.98	Czechia	Ptychoptera deleta (117612)