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Pleuromeris
Taxonomy
Pleuromeris was named by Conrad (1867) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 899]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Venericardia (Pleuromeris) by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914) and Harris (1919); it was reranked as Glans (Pleuromeris) by Gardner (1943); it was reranked as Cardita (Pleuromeris) by DuBar (1958) and Olsson (1967).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914) and Harris (1919); to Glans by Gardner (1943); to Cardita by DuBar (1958) and Olsson (1967); to Carditamerinae by Vokes (1980) and Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990); to Carditidae by Malumian et al. (1978), Woodring (1982), Ward and Blackwelder (1987) and Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
It was reranked as Venericardia (Pleuromeris) by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914) and Harris (1919); it was reranked as Glans (Pleuromeris) by Gardner (1943); it was reranked as Cardita (Pleuromeris) by DuBar (1958) and Olsson (1967).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914) and Harris (1919); to Glans by Gardner (1943); to Cardita by DuBar (1958) and Olsson (1967); to Carditamerinae by Vokes (1980) and Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990); to Carditidae by Malumian et al. (1978), Woodring (1982), Ward and Blackwelder (1987) and Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
Species
P. (Choniocardia), P. acaris, P. archaenepeanenesis, P. auroraensis, P. conradiana, P. decemcostata, P. elegantoides, P. finlayi, P. hectori, P. inflatior, P. inflator, P. instata, P. kapuaensis, P. marshalli, P. murdochi, P. otamateaensis, P. paucicostata, P. pecten, P. prolutea, P. tridentata, P. waitotarana, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) parva, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scitula, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scituloides, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tellia, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tortidens
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1867 | Pleuromeris Conrad |
| 1903 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Dall p. 1433 |
| 1914 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Olsson p. 20 |
| 1919 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Harris p. 87 |
| 1943 | Glans (Pleuromeris) Gardner p. 70 |
| 1958 | Cardita (Pleuromeris) DuBar p. 163 |
| 1967 | Cardita (Pleuromeris) Olsson p. 8 |
| 1978 | Pleuromeris Malumian et al. p. 275 |
| 1980 | Pleuromeris Vokes p. 118 |
| 1982 | Pleuromeris Woodring p. 629 |
| 1984 | Pleuromeris Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 100 |
| 1987 | Pleuromeris Ward and Blackwelder p. 130 |
| 1990 | Pleuromeris Beu et al. p. 398 |
| 1999 | Pleuromeris Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 26 |
| 2002 | Pleuromeris Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Pleuromeris Conrad 1867
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Subg. †Pleuromeris (Choniocardia) Cossmann 1904
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†Pleuromeris (Choniocardia) decussata Lamarck 1806
†Pleuromeris acaris Dall 1903
†Pleuromeris archaenepeanenesis Chapman and Crespin 1928
†Pleuromeris auroraensis Ward and Blackwelder 1987
†Pleuromeris conradiana Gabb 1881
†Pleuromeris decemcostata Conrad 1867
†Pleuromeris elegantoides Ortman 1902
†Pleuromeris finlayi Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris hectori Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris instata Laws 1944
†Pleuromeris kapuaensis Marwick 1931
Pleuromeris marshalli Marwick 1924
†Pleuromeris murdochi Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris otamateaensis Laws 1944
†Pleuromeris paucicostata Laws 1940
†Pleuromeris pecten Tate 1886
†Pleuromeris prolutea Marwick 1929
Pleuromeris tridentata Say 1826
†Pleuromeris waitotarana Laws 1940
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) parva Lea 1833
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scitula Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scituloides Olsson 1914
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tellia Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tortidens Harris 1919
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, superf = superfamily | |||||
| References: Todd 2001, Sanchez Roig 1926 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 66.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.6 Ma
Collections (215 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Danian | New Zealand (Southland) | P. sp. (50217) | |
| Danian | Belgium | Choniocardia eisdenensis (26891) | |
| Selandian - Thanetian | New Zealand | P. sp. (64700) | |
| Ypresian | Belgium | P. decussata (77608) | |
| Eocene | Haiti | Cardita parva (61190) | |
| Lutetian | Belgium | P. cuneata, P. decussata (77611) P. decussata (77613) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Texas) | Venericardia leonensis (205496 205527) Venericardia sp. (205440 205537) | |
| Lutetian | New Zealand (Canterbury) | P. sp. (50163) | |
| Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | P. cuneata, P. decussata (8124) | |
| Lutetian | USA (South Carolina) | P. parva (52344) | |
| Middle Eocene | Argentina | Venericardia elegantoides (71613) | |
| Lutetian - Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflatior (1418) P. sp., P. inflatior (1294) | |
| Lutetian - Priabonian | USA (Mississippi) | P. inflatior (1424 1425 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434) P. inflator (1290) P. inflator, Venericardia parva (1288) P. sp. (1283 1284 1285 1289 1292 1293 1422) P. sp., P. inflatior (1429) P. sp., P. inflator (1287 1291) Venericardia parva (1286) | |
| Bortonian | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (64737) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Texas) | P. leonensis (98894) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | P. tortidens (90469) Venericardia parva (5311 5312 5318 5320 5321 5322 5330 5332 5334 5335 81266 81278 98355 205489) Venericardia parva, Venericardia sp. (205438) Venericardia parva, Venericardia tortidens (90600) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Mississippi) | P. inflatior (91097 99632 164232) P. quadrata (117473) P. quadrata, P. inflatior (90704 92393) Venericardia tortidens (2444 2446 2449 2451) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflatior (1414 1415) P. sp., P. inflatior (1413) Venericardia sp. (205501) | |
| Bartonian | USA (North Carolina) | P. quadrata (91736) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Arkansas) | Venericardia parva (99165) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (64730 64741 64745) P. sp. (67587 67588 67590) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand (Canterbury) | P. sp. (50149 52131) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand (Otago) | P. prolutea (52151) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Arkansas) | Venericardia parva (91085) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflator (32925) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Argentina | P. elegantoides (66145 66146) P. sulcolunularis, P. camaronesia, P. cannada (71402) | |
| Oligocene | Argentina (Santa Curz) | P. sulcolunularis, P. camaronesia, P. cannada (48067) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand (Southland) | Venericardia prolutea (50784) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (67864) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | P. sp., P. sulcolunularis (48068) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Chile | P. elegantoides (78425 78426 78427) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina | P. cruzensis (185967) P. sp. (185968) P. sp., P. cannada (71539 71540) P. sp., P. cruzensis (71543) P. sulcolunularis (71403 71404) P. sulcolunularis, P. sp., P. camaronesia, P. cannada (71430) P. sulcolunularis, P. sp., P. camaronesia, P. cannada, P. cruzensis (71542) | |
| Otaian | New Zealand | P. sp. (67827) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Florida) | Venericardia scitula (42482 42605 42642 42656 42657 42663 42678) Venericardia tellia (41760 42222 42272 42281 42290 42328 42366 42367 42443) | |
| Altonian | New Zealand | P. prolutea (67897 67898 67899 67900) | |
| Middle Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | P. pecten (179602) | |
| Middle Miocene | New Zealand (Hawke's Bay) | P. sp. (45182) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Florida) | P. apsocitula (111204) Venericardia aposcitula (94810) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Colon) | P. acaris (145254) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Venezuela | P. acaris (96488) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Venericardia acaris (81976) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (South Australia) | P. subpecten, P. pecten (63438 63439) P. subpecten, P. trigonalis, P. pecten (63432) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene - Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Glans tridentata (59330) | |
| Pliocene | Costa Rica | Venericardia conradiana (134667) | |
| Pliocene | Antarctica | P. volkmanni (41576) | |
| Pliocene | USA (Florida) | Venericardia decemcostata (75020 75021 75022 75023 75024 75025 75026) Venericardia sp. (75010) | |
| Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | P. tridentata (79248) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41749) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Florida) | Cardita decemcostata (79761) P. pitysia (79959) P. tridentata (69044) Venericardia scituloides (59489) Venericardia scituloides, Venericardia tridentata (59487) Venericardia tridentata (59484 59486) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Glans tridentata (59307 59309 59310 59311 59327) P. auroraensis, P. decemcostata (58893 58894 58895) P. tridentata (68979 69018 79342 79343) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Jamaica | P. acaris (58522 69090 69094) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Virginia) | P. sp. (61293) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60899) Glans tridentata (59316 59317 59318) P. auroraensis, P. decemcostata (58897) P. decemcostata (58898) P. sp., P. tridentata (80033) P. tridentata (79339 79340 80034) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60944) Venericardia tridentata (92408 92409) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | P. subpecten (63379) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41501 41718 79331 80357) P. tridentata (61309 69029 79787) Venericardia decemcostata (75008) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Venericardia tridentata (66622) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Glans tridentata (59313) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (150656) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41705) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | P. tridentata (61310) Venericardia tridentata (67069) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60927 60929) P. tridentata (69046) Venericardia tridentata (66756 66760) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | P. tridentata (57705 69049) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Georgia) | P. tridentata (20604 20606) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | P. tridentata (61311 69034 69040 96538) Venericardia tridentata (34269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Venericardia tridentata (66742 66749 66750 66752) |