PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Achilidae (achilid planthopper)

Insecta - Hemiptera - Achilidae

Taxonomy

Achilidae is a family. It is extant.

It was assigned to Fulgoroidea by Hamilton (1990), Szwedo et al. (2004), Szwedo (2018), Szwedo (2019), Bourgoin and Szwedo (2022), Bourgoin and Szwedo (2023), Deng et al. (2025).

Subtaxa

Achilinae, Cixidia, Cixius gracilis, Cixius longirostris, Cixius sieboldtii, Cixius testudinarius, Myconinae, Nablusitypus, Oliarus oligocenus

Synonyms

Oliarus oligocenus was named by Cockerell (1910). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic amber (Janson coll), which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in the Russian Federation.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Szwedo et al. (2004).
Cixius testudinarius was named by Germar and Berendt (1856). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic Amber, Berendt collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in Poland.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Szwedo et al. (2004).
Cixius sieboldtii was named by Germar and Berendt (1856). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic Amber, Berendt collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in Poland.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Szwedo et al. (2004).
Cixius longirostris was named by Germar and Berendt (1856). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic Amber, Berendt collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in Poland.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Szwedo et al. (2004).
Cixius gracilis was named by Germar and Berendt (1856). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Baltic Amber, Berendt collection, which is in a Priabonian terrestrial amber in Poland.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Szwedo et al. (2004).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1856	Cixius testudinarius Germar and Berendt p. 13 figs. Pl 1, fig 19
1856	Cixius sieboldtii Germar and Berendt p. 14 figs. Pl 1, fig 21
1856	Cixius longirostris Germar and Berendt p. 15 figs. Pl 1, fig 22
1856	Cixius gracilis Germar and Berendt p. 16 figs. Pl 1, fig 25
1910	Oliarus oligocenus Cockerell p. 153 fig. 1
1990	Achilidae Hamilton p. 97
2004	Achilidae Szwedo et al. p. 41
2018	Achilidae Szwedo p. 111
2019	Achilidae Szwedo p. 358
2022	Achilidae Bourgoin and Szwedo
2023	Achilidae Bourgoin and Szwedo p. 566
2025	Achilidae Deng et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Gravenhorst 1843
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata
class	Insecta

Rank	Name	Author
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Clareocercaria
—	Acercaria	()
superorder	Pancondylognatha
—	Condylognatha
order	Hemiptera
—	Hemelytrata	Fallen 1829
suborder	Fulgoromorpha	(Evans 1946)
informal	Eucixioidian
superfamily	Fulgoroidea
family	Achilidae
family	Achilidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Achilidae [achilid planthopper]

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Subfm. Achilinae Stal 1866

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Tr. Achilini Stal 1866

Subtr. Cixidiina Emeljanov 1991

G. †Angustachilus Lefebvre et al. 2007

†Angustachilus longirostris Lefebvre et al. 2007

Subtr. Elidipterina Fennah 1950

G. Elidiptera Spinola 1839

†Elidiptera regularis Scudder 1890

G. †Gedanochila Brysz and Szwedo 2022

†Gedanochila museisucini Brysz and Szwedo 2022

G. †Hooleya Cockerell 1922

†Hooleya indecisa Cockerell 1922

G. †Paratesum Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

†Paratesum rasnitsyni Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

G. †Protepiptera Usinger 1939

†Protepiptera kaweckii Usinger 1939

Invalid names: Cixidia christinae Lefebvre et al. 2007 [synonym]

†Protepiptera reticulata Germar and Berendt 1856

G. †Protomenocria Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

†Protomenocria notata Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

G. †Psycheona Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

†Psycheona striata Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

†Psycheona variegata Emeljanov and Shcherbakov 2009

G. †Acixiites Hamilton 1990

†Acixiites costalis Hamilton 1990

†Acixiites immodesta Hamilton 1990

Tr. †Ptychoptilini Emeljanov 1990

G. †Ptychogroehnia Szwedo and Stroinski 2001

†Ptychogroehnia reducta Szwedo and Stroinski 2001

G. †Ptychoptilum Emeljanov 1990

†Ptychoptilum major Emeljanov 1990

†Ptychoptilum minor Emeljanov 1990

Tr. †Waghildini Szwedo 2006

G. †Waghilde Szwedo 2006

†Waghilde baltica Szwedo 2006

Invalid names: Achillini Emeljanov 1991 [empty]

G. Cixidia Fieber 1866

Subfm. Myconinae Fennah 1950

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Tr. Amphignomini Emeljanov 1991

G. †Amphignokachinia Brysz and Szwedo 2023

†Amphignokachinia subversa Brysz and Szwedo 2023

Tr. †Niryasaburniini Wang and Bourgoin 2024

G. †Niryasaburnia Szwedo 2004

†Niryasaburnia burmitina Cockerell 1917

†Niryasaburnia nigrutomia Deng and Bourgoin 2024

G. †Sinuovenaxius Wang and Bourgoin 2024

†Sinuovenaxius kachinensis Wang and Bourgoin 2024

G. †Nablusitypus Kaddumi 2005

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†Nablusitypus wafaai Kaddumi 2005

Invalid names: Cixius gracilis Germar and Berendt 1856 [nomen dubium], Cixius longirostris Germar and Berendt 1856 [nomen dubium], Cixius sieboldtii Germar and Berendt 1856 [nomen dubium], Cixius testudinarius Germar and Berendt 1856 [nomen dubium], Oliarus oligocenus Cockerell 1910 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Chadronian or 119.57000 to 33.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma

Collections (19 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Aptian	119.57 - 113.2	Brazil (Ceará)	Acixiites immodesta, Acixiites costalis (122352)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	Jordan	Nablusitypus wafaai (124847)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Myanmar	Amphignokachinia subversa (216411) Liburnia burmitina (123020) Sinuovenaxius kachinensis, Niryasaburnia nigrutomia (224152)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	Myanmar	Achilidae indet. (195455)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Gedanochila museisucini (224285)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Hooleya sp., Hooleya indecisa (123960)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Oliarus oligocenus (140082) Paratesum rasnitsyni, Protomenocria notata, Protepiptera kaweckii, Psycheona variegata, Psycheona striata, Ptychoptilum major (122591) Protomenocria notata (124951) Protomenocria notata, Protepiptera kaweckii (120610) Ptychogroehnia reducta, Gedanochila museisucini (110735) Waghilde baltica, Cixidia christinae, Angustachilus longirostris (123936)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Ukraine	Protepiptera kaweckii (122997)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Poland	Protepiptera kaweckii (124952) Pseudophana reticulata, Cixius testudinarius, Cixius sieboldtii, Cixius longirostris, Cixius gracilis (109625)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Lithuania	Protepiptera kaweckii, Ptychoptilum minor (113470)
Chadronian	37.0 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Elidiptera regularis (106384)