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Symmoriiformes

Chondrichthyes - Symmoriiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1981Symmoriida Zangerl p. 68
1985Symmoriida Williams p. 88
1988Symmoriida Goto et al. p. 292
1998Symmoriida Williams p. 251
2001Symmoriida Coates and Sequeira
2002Symmoriida Sepkoski
2008Symmoriiformes Maisey p. 186
2010Symmoriiformes Ginter et al. p. 59
2013Symmoriiformes Ivanov et al.
2016Symmoriiformes Nelson et al. p. 46
2019Symmoriiformes van der Laan p. 35

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
classChondrichthyes
superorderCladoselachimorpha
orderSymmoriiformes()
orderSymmoriiformes()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Symmoriiformes Zangerl 1981
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G. †Dwykaselachus Oelofsen 1986
+
†Dwykaselachus oosthuizeni Oelofsen 1986
Fm. †Falcatidae Zangerl 1990
+
G. †Cosmoselachus Bronson et al. 2024
+
†Cosmoselachus mehlingi Bronson et al. 2024
G. †Damocles Lund 1986
+
†Damocles attenuatus Davis 1883
†Damocles serratus Lund 1986
G. †Denaea Pruvost 1922
+
†Denaea fournieri Pruvost 1922
†Denaea saltsmani Ginter and Hansen 2010
†Denaea wangi Wang et al. 2004
G. †Falcatus Lund 1985
+
†Falcatus falcatus St John and Worthern 1875
†Falcatus hamatus Agassiz 1837
†Falcatus proclivus St John and Worthern 1875
G. †Ozarcus Pradel et al. 2014
+
†Ozarcus mapesae Pradel et al. 2014
G. †Ferromirum Frey et al. 2020
+
†Ferromirum oukherbouchi Frey et al. 2020
G. †Kawichthys Pradel et al. 2011
+
†Kawichthys moodiei Pradel et al. 2011
G. †Kungurodus Ivanov 2017
+
†Kungurodus obliquus Ivanov 2005
G. †Stemmatias Hay 1899
+
†Stemmatias bicristatus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias bifurcatus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias cheiriformis St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias compactus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias keokuk St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias simplex St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias symmetricus St John and Worthen 1875
Invalid names: Gunnellodus Wilimovksy 1954 [synonym], Stemmatodus St John and Worthen 1875 [replaced]
Fm. †Symmoriidae Dean 1909
+
G. †Cobelodus Zangerl 1973
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†Cobelodus aculeatus Zangerl and Case 1976
†Cobelodus knightianus Cope 1891
G. †Danaea Pruvost 1922
+
†Danaea meccaensis Williams 1985
G. †Gutturensis Sequeira and Coates 2000
+
†Gutturensis neilsoni Traquair 1898
G. †Orestiacanthus Lund 1984
G. †Petrodus McCoy 1848
+
†Petrodus acutus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Petrodus patelliformis McCoy 1848
+
Invalid names: Petrodus buttersi Newberry 1889 [synonym], Petrodus occidentalis Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym]
†Petrodus pustulosus Newberry and Worthen 1870
G. †Stethacanthulus Zangerl 1990
+
†Stethacanthulus decorus Ivanov 1999
†Stethacanthulus meccaensis Williams 1985
G. †Stethacanthus Newberry 1889
+
†Stethacanthus altonensis St. John and Worthen 1875
†Stethacanthus compressus Newberry 1897
†Stethacanthus concavus Ginter 2018
†Stethacanthus depressus Stjohn and Worthen 1875
†Stethacanthus erectus Eastman 1903
†Stethacanthus exilis Hussakof 1913
†Stethacanthus gansuensis Wang et al. 2004
†Stethacanthus humilis Hussakof 1913
†Stethacanthus praecursor Hussakof and Bryant 1918
†Stethacanthus productus Newberry 1897
†Stethacanthus tumidus Newberry 1889
Invalid names: Cladodus hibberti Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Pinegocaptus Minikh 2006 [synonym]
G. †Symmorium Cope 1893
+
†Symmorium reniforme Cope 1893
Invalid names: Stethacanthidae Lund 1974 [synonym]
Invalid names: Denaeidae Berg 1940 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-21 07:21:01
Modified: 2009-07-21 09:21:01
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Frasnian to the top of the Early/Lower Miocene or 382.31000 to 15.98000 Ma

Collections (153 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Russian Federation Stethacanthidae indet. (133345) Symmoriidae indet. (133350)
Late/Upper Devonian382.31 - 358.86USA (Ohio) Stethacanthus altonensis (133420 133421 133422 133423)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Morocco Ferromirum oukherbouchi (238269)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Russian Federation Stethacanthidae indet. (133360) Stethacanthus sp., Symmorium sp. (133361)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Russian Federation (Komi) Stethacanthidae indet. (133359)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Russian Federation (Oryol Oblast) Symmorium glabrum (226045)
Early/Lower Mississippian358.86 - 346.7USA (Iowa) Stethacanthus erectus, Physonemus depressus (133259)
Early/Lower Mississippian358.86 - 346.7USA (Ohio) Stethacanthus altonensis (133417)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7Russian Federation Stethacanthidae indet. (133364)
Mississippian358.86 - 323.4United Kingdom Petrodus patelliformis (132729) Physonemus attenuatus (137333)
Osagean351.9 - 342.9USA (Ohio) Stethacanthus altonensis (133418)
Osagean351.9 - 342.9USA (Michigan) Physonemus depressus (133260)
Arundian - Holkerian346.7 - 339.9Belgium Denaea fournieri (90649)
Visean346.7 - 330.3USA (Illinois) Stethacanthus altonensis (133416)
Chesterian335.4 - 323.4USA (Arkansas) Cobelodus sp. (239123) Cosmoselachus mehlingi (92182)
Pendleian330.3 - 326.9USA (Arkansas) Ozarcus mapesae (155545)
Pendleian330.3 - 326.9United Kingdom (Scotland) Akmonistion zangerli (134654) Cladodus neilsoni (140305)
Serpukhovian330.3 - 323.4China (Gansu) Denaea sp., Stethacanthus altonensis, Stethacanthus gansuensis (120299)
Serpukhovian330.3 - 323.4United Kingdom (Scotland) Denaea sp., Falcatus sp., Orestiacanthus sp. (235483)
Arnsbergian326.9 - 323.6USA (Montana) Falcatus falcatus (116655 116657 116659 116764 227064 227065) Falcatus falcatus, Damocles serratus (116654) Stethacanthus altonensis, Falcatus falcatus, Damocles serratus (90681)
Bashkirian323.4 - 315.2Russian Federation Stethacanthidae indet. (133373) Stethacanthus sp., Stethacanthidae indet. (133287) Symmoriidae indet. (133372)
Pennsylvanian323.4 - 298.9USA (Iowa) Petrodus patelliformis (74898)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Greenland Denaea sp., Stemmatias simplex (198286)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (South Dakota) Petrodus patelliformis (132341)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (New Mexico) Stethacanthus sp. (149386)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Colorado) Petrodus patelliformis (105146)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Indiana) Danaea meccaensis (132119) Denaea meccaensis (132182 132197 132226 132227 133375 133411) Denaea meccaensis, Stethacanthus longipeniculus, Bethacanthus insolitus (132157) Stethacanthus altonensis, Denaea meccaensis (131614 132282)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Arizona) Petrodus patelliformis (90772)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Illinois) Symmorium reniforme (132163)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (indiana) Stethacanthus altonensis, Denaea meccaensis (132245)
Desmoinesian312.8 - 306.0USA (Oklahoma) Stethacanthus sp. (223893)
Desmoinesian312.8 - 306.0USA (Indiana) Denaea meccaensis (133415)
Westphalian D309.8 - 307.4USA (Indiana) Stethacanthulus longipeniculus, Denaea meccaensis (90689)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Nebraska) Stethacanthus altonensis (133405)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Missouri) Idiacanthus bellistriatus (132620) Petrodus sp., Idiacanthus cameratus (132633)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Kansas) Petrodus patelliformis (132333)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (New Mexico) Cobelodus sp. (217022) Petrodus patelliformis (130312)
Late/Upper Pennsylvanian307.0 - 298.9USA (Texas) Denaea sp., Stethacanthus sp. (236693)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Kansas) Idiacanthus trispinosus, Idiacanthus sp. (132617) Kawichthys moodiei (119031)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Nebraska) Stethacanthus sp., Symmoriiformes indet., Denaea saltsmani, Stethacanthus concavus (149380)
Virgilian303.7 - 298.9USA (New Mexico) Symmoriidae indet. (216993) Symmorium reniforme, Cobelodus aculeatus (217070)
Virgilian - Asselian303.7 - 293.52Argentina Petrodus sp. (119028)
Asselian298.9 - 293.52Russian Federation Denaea decora (133278)
Asselian298.9 - 293.52Russian Federation (Orenburg) Denaea sp., Cobelodus obliquus, Denaea decora (90291)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) Cobelodus obliquus (90294)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1USA (Kansas) Stemmatias sp. (130815)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Russian Federation Denaea decora (133277)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Russian Federation (Chelyabinsk) Denaea decora (90298 90299) Petrodus sp., Cobelodus obliquus, Denaea decora (90288)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) Cobelodus sp., Cobelodus obliquus (90289) Cobelodus sp., Stethacanthus altonensis (90290)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Russian Federation Kungurodus obliquus (184255 184256)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3USA (Nebraska) Styptobasis knightiana (149351)
Artinskian290.1 - 283.3Kazakhstan Stethacanthus sp., Cobelodus obliquus (119029)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4South Africa (Western Cape) Dwykaselachus oosthuizeni (238124)
Kungurian283.3 - 274.4Russian Federation Kungurodus obliquus (184257) Stethacanthus sp., Symmoriiformes indet. (164769)
Roadian274.4 - 266.9USA (Texas) Stethacanthulus decorus (241643 241644 241646 241647 241648) Symmoriiformes indet., Kungurodus sp., Stethacanthulus decorus (132079 241645)
Roadian274.4 - 266.9Russian Federation Stethacanthus altonensis (164810)
Roadian274.4 - 266.9Japan Petrodus sp. (90286)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Russian Federation Symmoriiformes indet., Stethacanthus altonensis (164770)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Oman Gunnellodus bellistriatus (121857 123785 140655 140657 140658 140659 140660 140661 140662 140664 140665 140666 140668 140669 140670 140672 140673)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28USA (Texas) Stethacanthulus meccaensis (132080 132083 132084 132085 132086 211385 211386 211387 211388 211389 211390 211391 211392 211393 211394 211395 211396)
Capitanian264.28 - 259.51USA (Texas) Stethacanthulus meccaensis (132082 211397 211398 211399 211400 211401 211402 211403) Stethacanthus meccaensis, Symmoriiformes indet. (155403 155404 155405 155406) Symmoriiformes indet. (155407 155408) Symmoriiformes indet., Stethacanthulus meccaensis (184258 184259)
Early/Lower Valanginian137.05 - 132.6France (Gard) Falcatidae indet. (213631)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Panama Danaea sp. (32394 32396)
Miocene - Pliocene23.04 - 2.58Bolivia Danaea sp. (34363)