Superorder Acanthopterygii (ray-finned fish)
Parent taxon: Euteleostei according to J. S. Nelson et al. 2016
See also Bannikov 2014, Forey et al. 2003, Jaekel 1911, Jordan 1963, Long 2011, Martinelli and Forasiepi 2004, Nelson 2006, Nolf and Dockery 1990 and Woodward 1902
Sister taxa: Avitosmerus, Cyclosquamata, Erichalcis, Lampridiomorpha, Lamprimorpha, Osmeromorpha, Paracanthopterygii, Protostomiidae, Santanasalmo, Scopelomorpha
Subtaxa: Acanthoessus Aulostomi Berycida Caprosimilis Cataphracti Cetomimiformes Choichix Euacanthopterygii Gigapteryx Holconoti Hypostomides Labyrinthici Thoracostei Xenoberyces Zeoidei
Ecology: