Subfamily Fraterculinae (auk)
Aves - Charadriiformes - Alcoidae
Parent taxon: Alcidae according to N. A. Smith 2014
See also Olson and Rasmussen 2001 and Smith 2011
Sister taxa: Aethiinae, Alca, Alcinae, Cepphus, Fratercula, Mancallinae, Miocepphus, Nautilornithinae, Petralcinae
Subtaxa: Aethiini Fraterculini
Ecology: ground dwelling carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Japan (5 collections), United States (23: Alaska, California)
• Blancan of United States (3: California)
• Pliocene of United States (1: California)
• Miocene of United States (4: California)
Total: 36 collections including 49 occurrences