Actinopteri - Istiophoriformes - Xiphiidae
Parent taxon: Istiophoriformes according to R. Betancur et al. 2013
See also Casier 1966, Fierstine 2006, Fierstine and Starnes 2005, Fierstine and Stringer 2007, Hay 1902, Jordan 1963, Nelson et al. 2016, Purdy et al. 2001, Rapp 1946 and Schultz 1987
Sister taxon: Istiophoridae
Subtaxa: Embalorhynchus Glyptorhynchus Xiphiinae Xiphiorhynchinae
Ecology: nektonic omnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Italy (1 collection)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Italy (2), South Africa (1), United States (1: North Carolina)
• Miocene of Algeria (2), Austria (1), Chile (1), Italy (2), Peru (3)
• Oligocene of Australia (1), United States (2: South Carolina)
• Eocene of Antarctica (1), Belgium (1), Kazakhstan (1), the United Kingdom (4), United States (3: Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina)
• Paleocene of United States (1: Maryland)
Total: 29 collections including 35 occurrences