Demospongiae - Clavulina - Clionaidae
Parent taxon: Clavulina according to R. M. Finks et al. 2004
See also Worheide et al. 2012
Sister taxon: Adociidae
Subtaxa: Alectona Cliona Clionoides Clionolithes Entobia Filuroda Palaeosabella Runia Thoosa
Type: Cliona
Ecology: stationary boring suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Cayman Islands (1 collection), Jamaica (1), United States (16: California, Maryland, Massachusetts, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia)
• Pliocene of Australia (1), Belgium (1), Spain (2)
• Miocene of Cyprus (1), Egypt (1), France (1), India (1), Italy (2), Malta (2), Panama (1), Poland (1), Portugal (1), Spain (1), United States (5: California, Maryland, Rhode Island)
• Oligocene of Costa Rica (1), Jamaica (1)
• Eocene of Germany (1), Spain (1), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: North Carolina)
• Paleocene of Argentina (1), United States (1: New Jersey)
• Cretaceous of France (9), Germany (2), Hungary (1), the Marshall Islands (1), Mexico (1), Spain (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (209: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Delaware, Georgia, Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas)
• Jurassic of France (2), Germany (2), Iran (1), Italy (1), Portugal (1), the Russian Federation (1), the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic of Germany (1)
• Carboniferous of United States (3: Montana, Oklahoma)
• Devonian of Australia (9), Brazil (2), France (2), Germany (3), Morocco (1), United States (1: New York)
• Silurian of Sweden (1)
Total: 306 collections including 323 occurrences