Subfamily Ursinae Swainson 1835 (bear)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae

Parent taxon: Ursidae according to R. M. Hunt 1998

See also Bjork 1970, Jin et al. 2007 and Kurten and Anderson 1980

Sister taxa: Agriotheriinae, Ailuropodinae, Amphicynodontinae, Eoarctos, Harpaleocyon, Hemicyoninae, Metarctos, Myadina, Phoberocyoninae, Proarctotherium, Taxina, Tremarctinae, Ursulus

Subtaxa: Arctotheriini Aurorarctos Ballusia Melursus Protarctos Tremarctini Ursavini Ursini

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Ecology: ground dwelling herbivore-carnivore

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Argentina (9 collections), Austria (1), Belgium (2), Bolivia (4), Brazil (6), Canada (56: British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon), Chile (2), China (16), Croatia (2), the Czech Republic (3), Denmark (1), France (25), Georgia (2), Germany (20), Greece (16), Greenland (31), Hungary (6), Indonesia (1), Israel (3), Italy (36), Japan (4), Kazakhstan (1), Libya (1), Mexico (6), Monaco (3), Mongolia (1), Morocco (4), the Netherlands (4), North Atlantic (1), North Pacific (1), Norway (8), Portugal (2), Romania (5), the Russian Federation (10), Spain (23), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (1), Sweden (9), Taiwan (1), Turkey (3), the United Kingdom (13), United States (166: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wyoming), Venezuela (3), Vietnam (1)

• Blancan of El Salvador (1), Mexico (1), United States (14: Arizona, California, Florida, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of China (1), France (2), Greece (2), Hungary (1), Italy (2), Turkey (1), Venezuela (1)

• Pliocene of Bulgaria (1), Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (1), France (3), Georgia (2), Greece (6), Hungary (6), Italy (2), Moldova (3), Morocco (1), Poland (1), Romania (3), the Russian Federation (3), Spain (2), Tajikistan (4), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (2)

• Hemphillian of United States (7: California, Florida, Indiana, Nebraska, Oregon, Tennessee)

• Neogene of Italy (1)

• Miocene of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Canada (1: Saskatchewan), China (5), France (10), Germany (2), Greece (1), Hungary (1), Italy (1), Poland (1), Slovakia (2), Switzerland (1), Turkey (2), United States (9: Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota)

• Arikareean of United States (1: Oregon)

Total: 628 collections including 699 occurrences

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