Parent taxon: Sphenophyta according to S. Chatterjee et al. 2013
See also Hickey 1977, Holmes 1982, Jain and Delevoryas 1967, Lapasha and Miller 1985 and McIver and Basinger 1993
Sister taxa: Apocalamitaceae, Equisetinae, Neocalamostachys
Subtaxa: Archaeocalamites Bengalia Brukmannia Calamospora Carpannularia Ceratophyllites Endocalamites Eupalaeostachya Kallostachys Lilpopiaceae Lobatannularia Paracalamites Prynadaia Sphenostrobus Sphondylophyton
Distribution:
• Cretaceous of Antarctica (1 collection), Argentina (1), the Bahamas (6)
• Jurassic of France (2), Greenland (8), the Russian Federation (3), Serbia and Montenegro (1), Tajikistan (1)
• Triassic of Antarctica (2), Australia (1), China (1), Hungary (2), India (3), Japan (1), Kazakhstan (1), Kyrgyzstan (2), Norway (18), the Russian Federation (12)
• Rotliegendes of Norway (9)
• Permian to Triassic of Germany (1)
• Permian of Antarctica (7), Argentina (6), Australia (34), Brazil (12), Canada (3: Nunavut, Prince Edward Island), China (103), the Czech Republic (1), Egypt (1), Germany (1), Hungary (3), India (8), Iraq (1), Japan (1), Malaysia (2), Mexico (1), Mongolia (9), Mozambique (1), North Korea (6), Norway (6), the Russian Federation (144), Saudi Arabia (2), South Africa (2), South Korea (5), Spain (1), Turkey (2), the United Kingdom (1), United States (3: Oklahoma, Texas), Zambia (1)
• Namurian of United States (1: Indiana)
• Carboniferous of Argentina (1), Bolivia (1), Brazil (2), Canada (2: Northwest Territories, Nunavut), France (2), India (2), Peru (1), the Russian Federation (3), the United Kingdom (10), United States (115: Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Utah)
• Givetian of the United Kingdom (3)
• Devonian of Australia (8), Canada (3: Nunavut, Quebec), Chile (1), Germany (1), the United Kingdom (21), United States (2: Maryland, Wyoming)
• Silurian of Norway (1)
Total: 623 collections including 982 occurrences