Angiospermae - Fagales - Betulaceae
Full reference: C. Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum 1-1200
Parent taxon: Betulaceae according to F. H. Knowlton 1926
See also Brown 1959, Chauhan 1991, Gray 1822, Hickey 1977, Knowlton 1899, Knowlton 1919, Lakhanpal et al. 1976, Liu et al. 1996, Mabberley 2000, Shoshani et al. 1989 and Srivastava 1991
Sister taxa: Alnipollenites, Alnites, Alnites, Alnophyllum, Alnoxylon, Alnus, Betulapollenites, Betuliphyllum, Betulites, Betuloxylon, Carpinicarpus, Carpinoxylon, Carpinus, Corylites, Coryloxylon, Corylus, Cranea, Eucarpinoxylon, Hooleya, Ostrya, Ostryoxylon, Polyporopollenites, Triporatus
Subtaxa: Betula aequalis Betula alaskana Betula alnoides Betula angustifolia Betula basiserrata Betula beatriciana Betula bendirei Betula bryani Betula coryloides Betula dayana Betula deltoides Betula elliptica Betula fairii Betula fallax Betula florissanti Betula gracilis Betula grandifolia Betula hesterna Betula heterodonta Betula heteromorpha Betula iddingsi Betula largei Betula leopoldae Betula lutea Betula macclintockia Betula macrophylla Betula nanoides Betula nigra Betula parcedentata Betula perantiqua Betula prenigra Betula prisca Betula pseudofontinalis Betula schimperi Betula stevensonii Betula thor Betula truncata Betula utilis Betula vogdesii
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Canada (2: Alberta, Ontario collections), France (2), India (28), Japan (4), Norway (1), the United Kingdom (4), United States (14: Alaska, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, Washington)
• Pliocene of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (2), Germany (7), Japan (1), Portugal (8), the Russian Federation (1), United States (2: Massachusetts, Nevada)
• Hemphillian of United States (1: Tennessee)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Germany (1), Japan (1)
• Miocene of Azerbaijan (1), Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (7), Germany (24), Japan (1), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (14), Turkey (1), United States (33: California, Idaho, Massachusetts, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Virginia, Washington)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Germany (1), United States (1: Montana)
• Oligocene to Eocene of United States (1: Oregon)
• Oligocene of Azerbaijan (1), the Czech Republic (1), Germany (3), the Russian Federation (6), United States (3: Idaho, Montana, Oregon)
• Eocene of Canada (5: British Columbia, Nunavut), China (2), United States (21: Alabama, Idaho, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, Texas, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming)
• Clarkforkian of United States (4: Wyoming)
• Paleocene to Eocene of United States (3: Virginia, Wyoming)
• Paleocene of China (1), United States (25: Colorado, Missouri, Montana, Virginia, Wyoming)
• Tertiary of Canada (1: Nunavut), Japan (1)
Total: 244 collections including 301 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
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