Parent taxon: Eudicots according to N. A. Jud 2011
See also Mabberley 2000 and Taylor et al. 2008
Sister taxa: Buxales, Coreeudicots, Ericales, Gunnerales, Javelinoxylon, Noferinia, Proteales, Ranunculales, Republica, Tolmania, Trochodendrales, Violales
Subtaxa: Convolvulaceae Hydroleaceae Hydrophyllaceae Montiniaceae Nolanaceae Solanaceae Sphenocleaceae
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Australia (23 collections), India (9), Tanzania (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (2), Tanzania (1)
• Pliocene of Germany (4), Portugal (1), the Russian Federation (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of France (1), Germany (1), India (1)
• Miocene of Argentina (2), Germany (3), Nepal (1), Poland (1), the Russian Federation (4)
• Oligocene of Germany (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (7: Oregon)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Peru (1)
• Eocene of Argentina (3), Canada (2: British Columbia), Colombia (5), Myanmar (14), the United Kingdom (5), United States (3: Colorado, Oregon), Venezuela (7)
• Paleocene of Venezuela (1)
• Paleogene of India (1)
Total: 107 collections including 117 occurrences