Rostroconchia - Conocardiida - Hippocardiidae
Full reference: J. Pojeta and B. Runnegar. 1976. The paleontology of rostroconch mollusks and the early history of the phylum Mollusca. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 968:1-88
Parent taxon: Hippocardioidea according to N. S. Rogalla and M.R.W. Amler 2006
See also Bouchet et al. 2010 and Pojeta and Runnegar 1976
Sister taxa: Bransoniidae, Pseudobigaleaidae
Subtaxa: Babinicardiinae Barrandeicardia Bieberiana Bohemicardiinae Cartericardia Fraipontia Goticardiinae Hippocardia Hoareicardia Pojetorum
Ecology: stationary semi-infaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Chesterian of United States (2: Ohio collections)
• Osagean of United States (3: Ohio)
• Carboniferous of Belgium (1), Iran (4), Ireland (1), the United Kingdom (5), United States (2: Kentucky, Ohio)
• Mississippian of United States (1: California)
• Devonian of Antarctica (1), Australia (6), Canada (5: Ontario), the Czech Republic (2), France (1), Germany (7), Italy (3), Morocco (2), the Russian Federation (1), the United Kingdom (4), United States (26: Alaska, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio)
• Silurian of Canada (1: Northwest Territories)
Total: 78 collections including 93 occurrences