Full reference: M. A. Fedonkin. 1985. Precambrian metazoans: the problems of preservation, systematics and evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B 311:27-45
Parent taxon: Metazoa according to A. Y. Ivantsov 2001
See also Fedonkin 1985
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Namalia, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Beltanelliformis, Yangtziramulus, Muricassis, Ovatoscutum, Lidaconus, Convolutubus, Pentaradialomorpha, Megathrix, Silicea, Pseudovendia, Rangeomorpha, Kuckaraukia, Agmata, Bronicella, Euradiculata, Chondroplon, Eumetazoa, Chenmengella, Funisia, Sentularia, Silicispongea, Triradialomorpha, Deuteronectanebos, Kimberellomorpha, Bilaterialomorpha, Macrocypris kayi, Dictyorhabdus, Somatohelix, Gephyrea, Mesozoa, Tentaculitoidea, Atalotaenia, Xidazoon, Primocandelabrum, Goettingenia, Yelovichnus, Limacites, Ventogyrus, Rhizostomites, Evmiaksia, Porifera, Hiemalora, Oligoopilionus, Paracharnia, Arboreomorpha, Khasaktidae, Nemiana, Yunnanomedusa, Lomosovis, Hadryniscala, Odontogriphidae, Cnidaria, Lazaichnus, Protolyellia, Scenellopsis, Petalonamae, Siphonoconcha, Subtilicyathus, Hadrynichorde, Armillifera, Persimedusites, Spygoria, Kinzeriidae, Problematica, Parazoa, Bomakellia, Epitheliozoa, Eodiorygma, Erniettomorpha, Kullingia, Trichoplax, Palaeacmaea, Mawsonites, Parviscopa, Nectocarididae, Inaria, Tetraradialomorpha
Subtaxa: Dipleurozoa Vendiamorpha