Parent taxon: Rajiformes according to G. Guinot et al. 2012
See also Biddle 1993, Cappetta 1980, Cappetta 1987, Case 1978, Case 1981, Delsate and Candoni 2001, Dica et al. 1996, Kriwet et al. 2009, Kriwet et al. 2007, Thies 1983 and Underwood and Rees 2002
Sister taxa: Antiquaobatis, Archaeobatidae, Archingeayia, Cyclobatidae, Dynatobatis, Engolismaia, Erguitaia, Hamrabatis, Hexatrygon, Hypolophidae, Hypsobatidae, Kiestus, Myeladaphus, Oncobatis, Ostarriraja, Parapalaeobatidae, Plesiobatis, Pristoidei, Rajidae, Rajoidei, Rhina, Sclerorhynchoidei, Sechmetia, Spathobatidae, Squatirhina, Tanoutia, Tomewingia, Torpedinoidea, Urobatis, Urotrygon, Zanobatus, Iberotrygon
Subtaxa: Asterodermus Asterodermus platypterus Ataktobatis Platyrhinidae Protoplatyrhina Pseudohypolophus Pseudomyledaphus Rhinobatidae Turoniabatis Vascobatis
Ecology: nektobenthic carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of United States (1: California collection)
• Pliocene of Italy (1), Libya (1), United States (1: South Carolina)
• MN 13 of Portugal (2)
• Miocene of France (2), Mexico (1), Portugal (2), United States (3: North Carolina, Virginia)
• Oligocene of Pakistan (1), United States (1: California)
• Eocene of Egypt (5), France (1), India (2), Italy (4), Jordan (2), Morocco (2), Romania (1), Senegal (3), Togo (1), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (9), United States (13: Alabama, California, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia), Uzbekistan (1), Western Sahara (2)
• Paleocene to Eocene of Belgium (1), Saudi Arabia (1)
• Paleocene of Morocco (2), Niger (1), United States (4: California, Mississippi, North Dakota, South Carolina)
• Cretaceous of Argentina (6), Belgium (2), Brazil (1), Canada (91: Alberta, Saskatchewan), Egypt (1), France (22), Germany (3), Israel (3), Italy (2), Jordan (3), Kazakhstan (1), Lebanon (8), Mexico (3), Morocco (5), Poland (1), Spain (7), Sweden (3), Syria (6), Tunisia (1), the United Kingdom (19), United States (227: Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming), Uzbekistan (2)
• Jurassic of Ethiopia (1), France (2), Germany (21), Spain (3), the United Kingdom (5)
Total: 521 collections including 679 occurrences