†subfamily Halitheriinae Gill 1872

Mammalia - Sirenia - Dugongidae

Alternative spelling: Halitheriidae

Synonyms: Archaeosireninae Abel 1914, Eotherioididae Kretzoi 1941, Eotherioidinae Kretzoi 1941, Halianassinae Reinhart 1959, Halitherida Carus 1868 [objective synonym], Metaxytheriinae Kretzoi 1941

Full reference: T. Gill. 1872. Arrangement of the Families of Mammals. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 11(230):1-98

Parent taxon: Dugongidae according to J. Balaguer and D. M. Alba 2016

See also Abel 1913, Abel 1919, Aranda-Manteca et al. 1994, Bajpai et al. 2006, Barnes et al. 1985, Bergqvist et al. 1999, Bianucci and Landini 2003, Bizzotto 1983, Carboni and Kotsakis 1983, Carone and Rizzo 2020, Cope 1889, Cope 1890, Daxner-Hoeck 1971, de Muizon and Domning 1985, Domning 1978, Domning 1988, Domning 1994, Domning 1996, Domning 2008, Domning 2018, Domning and Beatty 2019, Domning and Furusawa 1995, Domning and Pervesler 2012, Flower and Lydekker 1891, Gill 1872, Hay 1902, Hay 1930, Heal 1973, Iliopoulos et al. 2022, Kretzoi 1941, Lydekker 1887, Pilleri et al. 1989, Reinhart 1959, Sagne 2001, Samonds et al. 2019, Samonds and Zalmout 2009, Simpson 1932, Sorbi et al. 2012, Toledo and Domning 1991, Velez-Juarbe and Domning 2014, Velez-Juarbe et al. 2012, Voss 2011 and Zalmout and Gingerich 2012

Sister taxa: Anisosiren, Caribosiren, Dugonginae, Eotheroides, Halitherium, Halitherium alleni, Halitherium antillense, Halitherium taulannense, Hydrodamalinae, Indosiren, Kaupitherium, Lentiarenium, Miodugong, Nanosiren, Paralitherium, Priscosiren, Prohalicore, Rytiodinae, Sirenavus, Trachytherium

Subtaxa: Eosiren Metaxytherium Pachyspondylus Prototheriidae Prototherium Stegosiren

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Distribution:

• Pliocene of France (3 collections), Greece (1), Italy (20), Morocco (1), Spain (3)

• Hemphillian of United States (3: Florida)

• Miocene to Pliocene of United States (1: Florida)

• Miocene of Argentina (1), Austria (34), Brazil (3), Cuba (1), the Czech Republic (1), France (21), Germany (4), Greece (18), Hungary (1), India (3), Italy (21), Japan (1), Libya (20), Madagascar (1), Malta (4), Mexico (2), Moldova (1), the Netherlands (1), Peru (1), Portugal (3), Slovakia (2), Spain (10), Sri Lanka (1), Switzerland (3), Tunisia (1), United States (26: California, Florida, Maryland, Oregon, Virginia)

• Neogene of United States (1: Florida)

• Oligocene to Miocene of Switzerland (1)

• Oligocene of Egypt (4), Germany (1), United States (5: Florida, South Carolina)

• Eocene of Egypt (14), India (1), Italy (5), Somalia (1), Spain (12), Western Sahara (3)

Total: 265 collections including 284 occurrences

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