Clade Plesiometacarpalia (deer)

Mammalia - Artiodactyla - Cervidae

Parent taxon: Cervidae according to A. Hassanin and E. J. P. Douzery 2003

Sister taxa: Agalmaceros, Alcinae, Anoglochis, Antifer, Bretzia, Capreolinae, Cariacus, Cervalces, Cervavitulus, Cervina, Cervinae, Cervodama, Cervulinae, Cervulus, Cervus guineensis, Charitoceros, Eocoileus, Epieuryceros, Euctenoceros, Eumeryx, Furcifer, Lucentia, Megaceroides, Metacervulus, Moschina, Nemomeryx, Palaeoplatyceros, Paraceros, Paracervulus, Paradicrocerus, Pliocervinae, Praemegaceros, Procervulus, Pseudaxis, Pudu, Sangamona, Sangamona fugitiva, Surameryx, Surameryx acrensis, Telemetacarpalia

Subtaxa: Cervini Muntiacini

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Ecology: ground dwelling grazer-browser

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Argentina (1 collection), Austria (1), Belgium (1), Bolivia (1), Brazil (4), Bulgaria (1), Canada (6: Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon), China (27), Croatia (3), the Czech Republic (2), France (33), Georgia (1), Germany (20), Greece (34), Hungary (10), India (2), Indonesia (7), Israel (8), Italy (55), Japan (9), Kyrgyzstan (2), Malta (1), Mexico (1), Monaco (7), the Netherlands (8), North Atlantic (1), Pakistan (1), Peru (1), the Philippines (1), Portugal (4), Romania (7), the Russian Federation (5), Slovakia (1), Spain (37), Taiwan (5), Tajikistan (1), Thailand (5), Turkey (4), Turkmenistan (1), the United Kingdom (20), United States (56: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michiagn, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia), Uzbekistan (1), Vietnam (2)

• Blancan of United States (1: California)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Bulgaria (1), China (1), France (3), Greece (5), India (1), Italy (5), Nepal (1), Pakistan (1), Spain (2), Tajikistan (1), Turkey (1)

• Pliocene of Azerbaijan (1), China (3), France (5), Georgia (2), Germany (1), Greece (9), Hungary (5), India (4), Italy (4), Japan (2), Moldova (4), the Netherlands (1), Poland (3), Romania (8), the Russian Federation (2), Slovakia (2), Spain (3), Tajikistan (2), Turkmenistan (1), Ukraine (8)

• Baodean of China (2)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Pakistan (1)

• Miocene to Pleistocene of the Netherlands (1)

• Miocene of Austria (2), China (19), France (1), Germany (7), Italy (7), Moldova (2), Poland (3), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (8), Switzerland (1)

• Neogene of Italy (1), Taiwan (8)

Total: 555 collections including 776 occurrences

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