Sandia Cave Units F and H (Pleistocene to of the United States)

Also known as Folsom Layer

Where: Sandoval County, New Mexico (35.3° N, 106.4° W: paleocoordinates 35.3° N, 106.4° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene to Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• thought by Hibben to be a single "Folsom" unit of "Late Pleistocene or early Recent age"; for unit H there are 14C dates of "9,100+/-500" years B.P. on "breccia organics" and "12,830+/-490" on "bone organics," and for unit F there is a date of "12,000+/-400" on "breccia organics"; the unit H "bone organics" also have a rejected uranium-series date of "73,000+/-4000" (Haynes and Agogino 1986)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: cave; poorly lithified, shelly/skeletal, brown, silty, calcareous breccia

• unit H is the "Upper breccia... light brown, calcareous, porous breccia of dust, rock fragments, and bone fragments; more consolidated at the top" and unit F is the "Lower breccia... same as unit H but thicker and less cemented inplaces" (Haynes and Agogino 1986)

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: midden

Collected by W. L. Bliss, F. C. Hibben in 1936-1941

Collection methods: quarrying,

• the original excavation was of the first three 23 meters of the cave

Primary reference: F. C. Hibben. 1941. Evidences of early occupation in Sandia Cave, New Mexico, and other sites in the Sandia-Manzano region. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 99(23):1-44 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 93376: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 16.01.2010

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Megatherioidea - Nothrotheriidae
Nothrotheriops sp.1 Hoffstetter 1954 edentate
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus sp.2 Brookes 1828 mammoth
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canis cf. lupus Linnaeus 1758 gray wolf
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"Equus cf. occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus
"Equus cf. occidentalis" = Equus mexicanus Hibbard 1955 horse
"E. near occidentalis"
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Camelops sp. Leidy 1854 camel
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
"Bison, near, but smaller than, taylori"