Stratford Hall, Langhian, Zones 10-11 (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Westmoreland County, Virginia (38.2° N, 76.8° W: paleocoordinates 38.4° N, 73.5° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Plum Point Member (Calvert Formation), Langhian (16.0 - 13.8 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: F. C. Whitmore and J. A. Kaltenbach. 2008. Neogene Cetacea of the Lee Creek Phosphate Mine, North Carolina. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14:181-269 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 79793: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 24.03.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Angiospermae
 Cornales - Nyssaceae
Nyssa sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 tupelo
 Aquifoliales - Aquifoliaceae
Ilex sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 holly
 Asterales - Asteraceae
Asteraceae indet.2 Berchtold and Presl 1820 daisy
 Saxifragales - Hamamelidaceae
Liquidambar sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 sweetgum
 Poales - Typhaceae
Typha sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 bulrush
 Poales - Poaceae
Poaceae indet.2 Barnhart 1895 grass
 Poales - Cyperaceae
Cyperaceae indet.2 Jussieu 1789 sedge
 Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 oak
aff. Castanea sp.2 Miller 1754 chestnut
Castanea-like
 Fagales - Juglandaceae
aff. Momipites sp.2 Wodehouse 1933
Momipites-type
Juglans sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 walnut
Carya sp.2 Nuttall 1818 hickory
Pterocarya sp.2 Kunth 1824 wingnut
aff. Engelhardia sp.2 Blume 1825
Engelhardia-type
 Fagales - Betulaceae
Ostrya sp.2 Scopoli 1760 hophornbeam
/Carpinus sp.
Corylus sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 hazel
Alnus sp.2 Miller 1754 alder
 Rosales - Ulmaceae
Ulmus sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 elm
 Rosales - Rosaceae
Rosaceae indet.2 Jussieu 1789 rose
 Malpighiales - Salicaceae
Salix sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 willow
 Sapindales - Sapindaceae
Acer sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 maple
 Coniferales - Cupressaceae
aff. Taxodium sp.2 Richard 1810 cypress
Taxodium-type
Pinopsida
 Pinales - Pinaceae
Pinus sp.2 Linnaeus 1753 pine
Picea sp.2 Dietrich 1824 spruce
Osteichthyes
 Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae
Acipenser ornatus2 Leidy 1873 sturgeon
Aves
 Procellariiformes - Procellariidae
Calonectris kurodai2 Olson 2009 shearwater
Reptilia
 Crocodylia -
Thecachampsa sericodon2 Cope 1867 crocodilian
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Trachyaspis lardyi2 Meyer 1873 sea turtle
 Testudines - Dermochelyidae
"Psephophorus calvertensis" = Psephophorus polygonus2
"Psephophorus calvertensis" = Psephophorus polygonus2 von Meyer 1847 leatherback
Mammalia
 Sirenia - Dugongidae
Nanosiren sp.2 Domning and Aguilera 2008 dugong
Metaxytherium crataegense2 Simpson 1932 dugong
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon frendens2 Matthew 1924 bear-dog
 Cetacea -
Odontoceti indet.1 Flower 1867 toothed whale
Tretosphys sp.2 Cope 1868 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Ziphiidae
Ninoziphius cf. platyrostris Muizon 1983 beaked whale
 Cetacea - Platanistidae
"Schizodelphis crassangulum" = Zarhachis crassangulum2
"Schizodelphis crassangulum" = Zarhachis crassangulum2 Case 1904 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Squalodontidae
Squalodon calvertensis2 Kellogg 1923 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Kentriodontidae
Delphinodon sp.2 Leidy 1869 toothed whale
Kentriodon pernis2 toothed whale
 Cetacea -
Hadrodelphis sp.2 Kellogg 1966 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Eurhinodelphinidae
Xiphiacetus bossi2 Kellogg 1925 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Physeteridae
Physeterula sp.2 Van Beneden 1877 sperm whale
Orycterocetus crocodilinus2 Cope 1867 sperm whale
 Cetacea -
Parietobalaena palmeri2 Kellogg 1924 whale
 Cetacea - Tranatocetidae
Mesocetus siphunculus2 Cope 1895 whale
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Cynorca proterva2 Cope 1867 peccary
Actinopteri
 Amiiformes - Amiidae
Amia sp.2 Linnaeus 1766 bowfin
 Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena cf. barracuda2 Edwards 1771 barracuda
 Albuliformes - Albulidae
Albula sp.2 Gronow 1763 bonefish
 Gadiformes - Merlucciidae
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Archosargus sp.2 Gill 1865 perch-like fish
Lagodon cf. rhomboides2 Linnaeus 1766 perch-like fish
 Acanthomorphata - Malacanthidae
Lopholatilus ereborensis2 Carnevale and Godfrey 2014
 Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
 Labriformes - Labridae
Protautoga conidens2 Leidy 1873
Chondrichthyes
 Squaliformes - Squalidae
Squalus sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 dogfish shark
 Squatiniformes - Squatinidae
Squatina sp.2 Dumeril 1806 angel shark
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Notorhynchus primigenius2 Agassiz 1835 sevengill shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae
Mustelus sp.2 hound shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus distans2 Probst 1879 cat shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Physogaleus contortus2 Gibbes 1847 requiem shark
Rhizoprionodon fischeuri2 sharpnose shark
Carcharhinus sp.2 de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2
"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2 Agassiz 1838 white shark
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
Odontaspis ferox2, "Carcharias cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus2
Odontaspis ferox2 Risso 1826 sand tiger shark
"Carcharias cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus2 Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Alopiidae
Alopias latidens2 Leriche 1909 thresher shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Carcharocles megalodon" = Otodus megalodon2
"Carcharocles megalodon" = Otodus megalodon2 Agassiz 1835 megalodon
 Lamniformes - Cetorhinidae
"Cetorhinus parvus" = Keasius parvus2
"Cetorhinus parvus" = Keasius parvus2 Leriche 1908 basking shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Carcharias reticulata2 Probst 1879 sand shark
 Rajiformes - Rajidae
Raja sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 skate
 Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Rhinobatos sp.2 Link 1790 guitarfish
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatis sp.2 Rafinesque 1810 whiptail stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Plinthicus stenodon2 Cope 1869 eagle ray
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus sp.2 Blainville 1816 stingray