Bed 5 - Spaniodontella Bed (Karangian) (Miocene of Iran)

Where: Iran (36.0° N, 51.2° E: paleocoordinates 35.5° N, 50.2° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Karanga Formation, Middle Miocene (16.0 - 11.6 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From the "Spaniodontella" beds, which overlies the Middle Miocene Vindobondian Marl, and is overlain by the Konkian "Pholas" beds. THICKNESS: From unit of 30-50 m thick, within section that totals ~375 m. AGE: Karaganian (Middle Miocene). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From bed 5 (upper of two units in the Karangian horizon.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; poorly lithified, gray, calcareous sandstone and poorly lithified, ooidal, shelly/skeletal limestone

• ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine siliciclastic environment, possibly nearshore based on faunal composition.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Sandstone, very fine grained, calcareous, thin-bedded, with several intercalations of oolitic limestone; containing abundant fossils. LITHIFICATION: Lithified, on the basis of limestone.

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• COLLECTOR: Not stated, presumbaly P. E. Süssli. REPOSITORY: Not stated, presumably Geological Survey of Iran.

Primary reference: P. E. Süssli. 1976. The Geology of the Lower Haraz Valley area, Central Alborz, Iran. Geological Society of Iran Report 38 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 77199: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 31.12.2007

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda and bivalvia. NOMENCLATURE: Antiquated, but mostly assigned to species level.
Gastropoda
 Opisthobranchia - Retusidae
"Cylichnina melitopolitana" = Retusa (Cylichnina)
"Cylichnina melitopolitana" = Retusa (Cylichnina) snail
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
Acteocina sp. Gray 1847 barrel-bubble
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium sp. Linnaeus 1758 cockle
 Cardiida - Donacidae
Donax sp. Linnaeus 1758 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Tapes sp. Mühlfeld 1811 venus clam
 Cardiida - Kelliellidae