Lunden, Särdal, Division B, Halland (Cretaceous to of Sweden)

Where: Sweden (56.8° N, 12.6° E: paleocoordinates 46.7° N, 12.8° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Särdal Beds Formation, Early/Lower Santonian to Early/Lower Santonian (85.8 - 83.5 Ma)

• Division B, calcareous sandstone; 'dating with the aid of foraminifera and belemnites gives an age around the Early/Middle Santonian boundary'

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: shoreface; lithified, calcareous sandstone

• 'despite the short time interval, two transgressions are recorded... The predominance of a varied fauna of benthic calcareous foriminifera, accompanied by a low and rather constant frequency of arenaceous forms, very likely indicates that this fauna lived in a sublittoral, possibly outer sublittoral environment. Probably, the beds were formed not very distant from the shore... the well sorted sand in the sandstone bed may indicate upper sublittoral conditions.'
• 'The upper rock unit consists of conglomerate boulders sparsely arranged in one level and a matrix of richly fossiliferous sandstone. The boulders all consist of local type gneiss and measure about 0.5-1 m across. They are generally well rounded and undoubtedly indicate the former presence of a shoreline... The sandstone reaches a maximum thickness of 70 cm and consists largely of loosely cemented subangular, well sorted quartz grains with a size of approx. 1 mm.'

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Collection methods: authors and amateur collections;

•Museum repositories: Geological Survey of Sweden (EN), the Mineralogical Museum in Copenhagen (MMH), Geological Institute in Lund (LO)

Primary reference: J. Bergström, W. K. Christensen, C. Johansson and E. Norling. 1973. An extension of Upper Cretaceous Rocks to the Swedish west coast at Särdal. Bull. geol. Soc. Denmark 22:83-154 [M. Aberhan/S. Nurnberg/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 70316: authorized by Martin Aberhan, entered by Sabine Nürnberg on 21.03.2007

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• '...yielded a rich fauna which, except for the cephalopods, is only preliminarily treated'
Cirripedia
  -
Cirripedia indet. barnacle
plates (one species)
Cephalopoda
 Belemnoidea -
Belemnitida indet. Zittel 1895 belemnite
 Belemnitida - Belemnitellidae
"Actinocamax verus" = Belemnitella vera Miller 1823 belemnite
Belemnitella propinqua Moberg 1885 belemnite
B. propinqua propinqua
 Belemnitida -
Gonioteuthis westfalica belemnite
G. westfalica westfalica
Bivalvia
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
 Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
"Lopha semiplana" = Hyotissa semiplana Sowerby 1825 oyster
Exogyra ? obliquata oyster
E. obliquata (Pulteney)?
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Spondylus sp. Linnaeus 1758 scallop
fragments
Rhynchonellata
 Rhynchonellida - Rhynchonellidae
 Terebratulida - Cancellothyrididae
 Terebratulida - Gibbithyrididae
Concinnithyris ? ciplyensis
C. ciplyensis (v Hanst.)?
 Terebratulida - Terebratulidae
"Terebratula" ? praelustris
"T." praelustris Lundgren?
 Terebratulida -
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Stenolaemata
 Cyclostomata - Eleidae
 Cyclostomata -
Homeosolen sp. Lonsdale 1850
 Cyclostomata - Cytididae
Semicytella sp. Bassler 1934
 Cyclostomata - Petaloporidae
? Reteporidea sp. D'Orbigny 1849
 Cyclostomata - Corymboporidae
Gnathostomata
  -
Chondrichthyes indet. Huxley 1880 cartilaginous fish
shark
Chondrichthyes
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Isurus sp. Rafinesque 1810 mackerel shark
 Lamniformes - Anacoracidae
Echinoidea
 Cidaroida - Cidaridae
Cidaris sp. Leske 1778 pencil urchin
spines
 Cidaroida - Psychocidaridae
Tylocidaris sp. Pomel 1883 pencil urchin
spines
Demospongea
  -
"Demospongea indet." = Demospongiae
"Demospongea indet." = Demospongiae Sollas 1875 demosponge
Demosponge spicules
Foraminifera
 Globigerinaceae - Globotruncanidae
Globothalamea
 Rotaliida - Gavelinellidae
Nodosariata
 Vaginulinida - Vaginulinidae
Foraminifera
  -