Panxian Dadong (Pleistocene of China)

Where: Guizhou, China (25.6° N, 104.7° E: paleocoordinates 25.6° N, 104.7° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• Middle Pleistocene. U-series dating of travertine gives a minimum age for the deposit of 300,000BP.

Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported

• Dadong is the Middle level cave in a series of three interconnecting caverns stacked within a 230m high hill. The hill itself is situated in a small valley whose floor has an elevation of 1,630m above sea level. The cave entrance is 55m wide and 50m high, faces east, and lies at an elevation of 32.5m above the valley floor. It is a large cavern (Dadong = Grand cave), the main hall measures 220m from front to back and covers 8000 square metres.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

• The first 2 seasons of excavation (1992-93) found fragmentary remains of over 40 species of mammal, over 2,000 stone artifacts, evidence for use of fire (charcoal, burnt bone, and ash) and one fragmentary hominid tooth.

Preservation: anthropogenic

Collection methods: bulk,

• 92 square metres of deposit were excavated.

Primary reference: W. Huang, X. Si, Y. Hou, S. Miller-Antonio, and L. A. Schepartz. 1995. Excavations at Panxian Dadong, Guizhou Province, Southern China. Current Anthropology 36(5):844-846 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 51100: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 27.05.2005

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Elephas sp. Linnaeus 1758 elephant
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros sinensis Owen 1870 one-horned rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Megatapirus augustus Matthew and Granger 1923 tapir
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Muntiacus sp. Rafinesque 1815 muntjak
Cervus sp. Linnaeus 1758 deer
"Rusa unicolor" = Cervus unicolor Kerr 1792 sambar
Hydropotes sp. Swinhoe 1870 Chinese water deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
Nemorhaedus goral Hardwicke 1825 antelope
Capricornis sp. antelope
 Artiodactyla - Moschidae
Moschus sp. Linnaeus 1758 musk deer
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Sus sp. Linnaeus 1758 pig
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758 wild boar
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felis sp. Linnaeus 1758 cat
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Panthera cf. tigris Linnaeus 1758 tiger
Pseudaelurus sp. Leidy 1858 cat
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta ultima, "Hyaena licenti" = Pachycrocuta licenti, "Hyaena sinensis" = Pachycrocuta brevirostris
Crocuta ultima spotted hyaena
"Hyaena licenti" = Pachycrocuta licenti Pei 1934 brown hyaena
"Hyaena sinensis" = Pachycrocuta brevirostris Gervais 1850 brown hyaena
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid
Cuon sp. Hodgson 1838 dhole
Vulpes cf. vulpes Linnaeus 1758 red fox
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758 gray wolf
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758 bear
Ailuropoda melanoleuca David 1869 giant panda
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustela sp. Linnaeus 1758 weasel
Meles sp. Brisson 1762 badger
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Eothenomys sp. Miller 1896 vole
 Rodentia - Muridae
 Rodentia - Spalacidae
Rhizomys sp. Gray 1831 greater bamboo rat
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Trogopterus xanthipes complex-toothed flying squirrel
? Sciurotamias sp. Miller 1901 Chinese rock squirrel
 Primates - Hominidae
Homo sp. Linnaeus 1758 human
Pongo sp. Lacépède 1799 orangutan
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Macaca sp. Lacépède 1799 macaque