Hambach mine horizon 6C (Miocene of Germany)

Also known as Hambach 6C

Where: Germany (50.9° N, 6.5° E: paleocoordinates 51.1° N, 5.0° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Frimmersdorf Member (Ville Formation), MN 5 (16.0 - 13.7 Ma)

• biozone MN 5, in the middle part of the main lignite seam, later authors list horizon as 6Ca/b

•JA: "6C" entered as local bed, with no local section name

•Hambach 6C local fauna can be correlated with the upper part of mammalian Neogene unit MN 5, indicating an absolute age-range of 16.0–15.2 Ma for this late Orleanian, early middle Miocene fauna (Mörs et al. 2000; Mo€rs 2002; Mörs & Kalthoff 2004).

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: paralic; lignite and lenticular, sandy claystone

• sediments are channel-fill, but environment interpreted as including brackish-estuarine, lacustrine-fluviatile and terrestrial environments

•channel fill and floodplain deposits (horizon 6C according to the local lithostratigraphy) within the middle Miocene Frimmersdorf lignite seam (Mo€rs et al. 2000; Sch€afer et al. 2004).

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: this collection almost certainly comes from the same unit and same general area as Tiffney's collections Hambach 8251-13349

•Macaluso et al. 2021: The new taxon is described based on material stored in the Steinmann Institute of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.

Primary reference: T. Mors, F. Hocht, and B. Wutzler. 2000. Die erst Wirbeltierfauna aus der miozanen Braunkohle der Niederrheinischen Bucht (Ville-Schichten, Tagebau Hambach) [The first vertebrate fauna from the Miocene Ville Series of the Lower Rhine Embayment (Hambach open cast mine, western Germany)]. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 74(1/2):145-170 [J. Alroy/E. Leckey/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 46955: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Erin Leckey on 27.01.2005, edited by Terri Cleary, Grace Varnham and Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatidae indet. Jordan 1888 whiptail stingray
vel Myliobatidae
 Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus distans Probst 1879 cat shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Physogaleus sp. Cappetta 1980 requiem shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
"Odontaspis vorax" = Carcharias acutissima Agassiz 1843 sand shark
Carcharias cf. reticulata Probst 1879 sand shark
Amphibia
 Salientia - Pelobatidae
Pelobates sp. Wagler 1830 spadefoot toad
vel Eopelobates sp.
 Salientia -
Latonia seyfriedi von Meyer 1843 frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Andrias scheuchzeri Tschudi 1837 giant salamander
cf. Salamandra sp. Laurenti 1768 salamander
Salamandridae indet. Gray 1825 newt
various kinds
Chelotriton paradoxus Pomel 1853 newt
Proteidae indet. Hogg 1838 mudpuppy
Euronecturus grogu n. sp.5 Macaluso et al. 2021 mudpuppy
Holotype: IPB-HaH 2121, an almost complete atlas; IPB-HaH 2120, atlas; IPB-HaH 2150, atlas; IPB-HaH 2119, atlas; IPB-HaH 2165, atlas
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Miodyromys aegercii Baudelot 1972 dormouse
Paraglirulus cf. agelakisi Van der Meulen and De Bruijn 1982 dormouse
Paraglirulus werenfelsi Engesser 1972 dormouse
Bransatoglis cf. astaracensis Baudelot 1970 dormouse
Microdyromys cf. legidensis Daams 1981 dormouse
Glirudinus sp. de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
Glirudinus undosus Mayr 1979 dormouse
Myoglis meini de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
"Eomuscardinus sp." = Muscardinus Kaup 1829 dormouse
Eomuscardinus sansaniensis Lartet 1851 dormouse
 Rodentia - Anomalomyidae
Anomalomys minor Fejfar 1972 rodent
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Palaeosciurus sutteri Ziegler and Fahlbusch 1986 squirrel
Spermophilinus aff. bredai von Meyer 1848 squirrel
Hylopetes sp. Thomas 1908 squirrel
? Ratufa sp. Gray 1867 Asian giant squirrel
Miopetaurista lappi Mein 1958 squirrel
Heteroxerus sp. Stehlin and Schaub 1951 squirrel
Blackia miocaenica Mein 1970 squirrel
 Rodentia - Eomyidae
Eomyidae indet. Winge 1887 rodent
Keramidomys carpathicus Schaub and Zapfe 1953 rodent
 Rodentia - Castoridae
Steneofiber depereti Mayet 1908 beaver
Anchitheriomys sp. Roger 1885 beaver
Anchitheriomys suevicus Schlosser 1884 beaver
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Democricetodon mutilus Fahlbusch 1964 mouse
Lartetomys cf. zapfei Mein and Freudenthal 1971 mouse
Fahlbuschia koenigswaldi Freudenthal 1963 mouse
Karydomys wigharti n. sp.6 Mörs and Kalthoff 2004 mouse
Eumyarion cf. weinfurteri Schaub and Zapfe 1953 mouse
Eumyarion cf. bifidus Fahlbusch 1964 mouse
 Rodentia -
Neocometes cf. similis Fahlbusch 1966 mouse
 Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Ochotonidae indet. Thomas 1897 pika
 Primates - Pliopithecidae
Pliopithecidae indet. Zapfe 1961 monkey
Pliopithecus antiquus Blainville 1839 monkey
 Theriamorpha - Dimylidae
Chainodus aff. intercedens Müller 1967 placental
Plesiodimylus chantrei Gaillard 1899 placental
 Theriamorpha - Erinaceidae
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814 shrew
Dinosorex aff. zapfei Engesser 1975 shrew
Heterosorex sp. Gaillard 1915 shrew
Allosorex gracilidens Viret and Zapfe 1951 red-toothed shrew
 Theriamorpha - Plesiosoricidae
Plesiosorex germanicus Seemann 1938 placental
 Theriamorpha - Talpidae
"Talpini indet." = Talpidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 mole
"Talpidae indet." = Talpidae7 Fischer de Waldheim 1817 mole
Proscapanus sansaniensis Lartet 1851 mole
Desmaninae indet. Thomas 1912 mole
Mygalea cf. antiqua Pomel 1848 mole
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus cf. delphinensis Gaillard 1899 horseshoe bat
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Eptesicus cf. campanensis Baudelot 1970 house bat
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
cf. Prosantorhinus sp. Heissig 1973 rhinoceros
Brachypotherium brachypus Lartet 1848 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Anchitherium aurelianense Cuvier 1825 anchitheriine horse
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Hyotherium soemmeringi von Meyer 1834 pig
 Artiodactyla -
Taucanamo sansaniense Lartet 1851 even-toed ungulate
 Placentalia -
Cetacea indet. Brisson 1762 whale
 Cetacea -
Odontoceti indet.2 Flower 1867 toothed whale
 Artiodactyla -
Amphimoschus pontileviensis Bourgeois 1873 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Tragulidae
Dorcatherium guntianum von Meyer 1846 chevrotain
Dorcatherium naui Kaup 1833 chevrotain
 Artiodactyla - Lagomerycidae
Lagomeryx ruetimeyeri Thenius 1949 ruminant
Dicrocerus elegans Lartet 1837 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Orygotherium escheri von Meyer 1838 antelope
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
? Protictitherium sp. Kretzoi 1938 hyaena
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyonidae indet. Haeckel 1886 bear-dog
Pseudocyon steinheimensis Fraas 1885 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Ailuridae
Amphictis sp. Pomel 1853 red panda
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore
Trocharion albanense Forsyth-Major 1903 mustelid carnivore
 Carnivora -
Potamotherium miocenicum Peters 1868 carnivoran
 Carnivora - Ursidae
"Ursavus elmensis" = Ballusia elmensis
"Ursavus elmensis" = Ballusia elmensis Stehlin 1917 bear
 Proboscidea - Proboscidea
Proboscidea indet. proboscidean
"Elephantoidea"
 Theriamorpha - Herpetotheriidae
Amphiperatherium frequens von Meyer 1846 marsupial
Reptilia
 Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydropsis murchisoni4 Bell 1836 turtle
 Testudines - Emydidae
Emydidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 turtle
2 types
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo sp.4 Linnaeus 1758 turtle
vel Geochelone sp.
 Testudines - Geoemydidae
""Ocadia" sophiae" = Mauremys sophiae4 Ammon 1911 pond turtle
Clemmydopsis cf. turnauensis4 Meyer 1847 turtle
 Testudines - Carettochelyidae
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx sp. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle
listed as "Trionyx s.l."
 Serpentes -
Serpentes indet. snake
various kinds
 Squamata -
Eoanilius sp.1 Rage 1974 snake
IPB-HaH 3801, 3802 and 3824, five trunk vertebrae (remainder prefixed by latter number)
 Squamata - Boidae
cf. Falseryx sp.1 Szyndlar and Rage 2003 boa
IPB-HaH 3830, one trunk vertebra
Bavarioboa sp.1 Szyndlar and Schleich 1993 boa
IPB-HaH 3825, 3807, 3013, 3814, 3818, five trunk vertebrae
 Squamata -
Colubroidea indet.1 Oppel 1811 snake
IPB-HaH 3829; 3836; 3840; 3848; 3851; 3856, thirty-six caudal vertebrae
 Squamata - Elapidae
cf. Naja sp.1 Laurenti 1768 cobra
IPB-HaH 3833; 3845; 3850; 3859, six trunk vertebrae
 Squamata - Crotalidae
Vipera ""oriental viper" sp."1 Laurenti 1768 pit viper
IPB-HaH 3846; 3809; 3811; 3812; 3819; 3860, eight trunk vertebrae
Vipera ""aspis complex" sp."1 Laurenti 1768 pit viper
IPB-HaH 3839; 3847, three trunk vertebrae
 Squamata - Colubridae
"Colubrinae" "indet. 1"1 Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
IPB-HaH 3828; 3835; 3838; 3844; 3805; 3806; 3855, fifty seven trunk vertebrae
Telescopus sp.1 Waner 1830 tiger snake
IPB-HaH 3853, one trunk vertebra
"Coluber" sp.1 Linnaeus 1758 racer
IPB-HaH 3800; 3826; 3831; 3803; 3804; 3852; 3808; 3857; 3815; 3816; 3817; 3820; 3822; 3823, forty two trunk vertebrae
Texasophis sp.1 Holman 1977 colubrid snake
IPB-HaH 3832, 3841, two trunk vertebrae
"Natricinae" indet.1 Bonaparte 1838 colubrid snake
IPB-HaH 3827; 3834; 3837; 3849; 3854; 3821, nine trunk vertebrae
Natrix "sp. 1"1 Laurenti 1768 water snake
IPB-HaH 3842 and 3843, two trunk vertebrae
 Squamata - Lacertidae
Lacertidae "indet. 1"1 Bonaparte 1831 squamates
IPB-HaH 3701, left maxilla; IPB-HaH 3702 and 3703, two left dentaries
Lacertidae "indet. 2"1 Bonaparte 1831 squamates
IPB-HaH 3704, premaxilla; IPB-HaH 3705, left dentary
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758 squamates
 Squamata - Chamaeleonidae
Chameleontidae indet. Gray 1825 chameleon
"Chamaeleontidae"
Chamaeleonidae "tooth morphotype 1"1 Gray 1825 chameleon
IPB-HaH 3901, right maxilla; IPB-HaH 3902, left maxilla
Chamaeleonidae "tooth morphotype 2"1 Gray 1825 chameleon
IPB-HaH 3903, right maxilla
Chamaeleo aff. andrusovi1 Čerňanský 2010 chameleon
IPB-HaH 3900, right squamosal
 Squamata - Anguidae
Anguidae "indet. 1"1 Gray 1825 squamates
IPB-HaH 3700, twenty osteoderms; IPB-HaH 3709, caudal vertebra
Ophisaurus sp. Daudin 1803 glass lizard
Pseudopus "sp. 1"1 Merrem 1820 legless lizard
IPB-HaH 3708, dorsal vertebra
Pseudopus cf. ahnikoviensis1 Klembara 2012 legless lizard
IPB-HaH 3706, right dentary; IPB-HaH 3707, left dentary
 Crocodylia -
Diplocynodon sp. Pomel 1847 crocodilian
Aves
  -
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird
Actinopteri
 Acanthomorphata - Sciaenidae
Atractoscion sp. Gill 1862
 Spariformes - Sparidae
Sparidae indet. Cuvier 1817
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Palaeotinca sp. Obrhelová 1969 carp-like fish
Barbus sp. Cuvier and Cloquet 1816 carp-like fish
Palaeoleuciscus sp. Obrhelová 1969 carp-like fish