PBDB Collection

Cerro la Bruja (Miocene of Peru)

Also known as CLB

Where: Ica, Peru (14.6° S, 75.7° W: paleocoordinates 14.9° S, 73.8° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Pisco Formation, Late/Upper Miocene (11.6 - 5.3 Ma)

• CLB horizon, near Ica, Peru.

•Ar/Ar dates from the section range from 9.2 - 6.85My, indicating a Late Miocene age (Brand et al. 2011)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore shelf; diatomaceous siltstone

• There is a high sedimentation rate, with shallow-to-deep shelf, and upwelling.

• La litología esta dada predominantemente por areniscas tobáceas, limolitas, limolitas diatomáceas amarillentas a blanco grisáceas. En la base del afloramiento se observa un nivel de conglomerado de forma lenticular, areniscas tobáceas con nódulos areniscosos de 0,5 a 2 cm de diámetro; la estratificación es paralela, sesgada, en general lo podemos dividir (de base a techo) en una secuencia granocreciente positiva y otra granodecreciente negativa, dentro de las cuales tenemos superficies de meteorización de coloración rojiza, compacta «hard-ground».

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• Natural History Museum of Lima, Peru (Studied in Pimiento and Balk)

Primary reference: C. Muizon. 1988. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Troisieme partie: Les Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Miocene. Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations (78)1-244 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 45487: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Nick Pyenson on 25.10.2004, edited by Mark Uhen and Catalina Pimiento

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	aff. Psamoperca sp.⁸, Psamoperca sp.¹ aff. Psamoperca sp.⁸ Psamoperca sp.¹
Aves
Odontopterygiformes - Pelagornithidae	Pelagornithidae indet.² Pelagornithidae indet.² Fürbringer 1888 bird
Suliformes - Sulidae	cf. Sula sp.⁸ cf. Sula sp.⁸ Brisson 1760 booby
Sphenisciformes - Spheniscidae	Spheniscidae indet.⁷, Spheniscus muizoni n. sp.⁴ Spheniscidae indet.⁷ Bonaparte 1831 penguin Spheniscus muizoni n. sp.⁴ Gohlich 2007 penguin
Reptilia
Loricata -	Eusuchia indet.⁸ Eusuchia indet.⁸ Huxley 1875 crocodilian
Testudines - Cheloniidae	"Chelonidae indet." = Cheloniidae⁸ "Chelonidae indet." = Cheloniidae⁸ Bonaparte 1832 sea turtle
Mammalia
Carnivora - Phocidae	Monachinae indet.⁷, Monachinae sp.¹, Magophoca brevirostris n. gen. n. sp.³ Monachinae indet.⁷ Trouessart 1897 seal sp. 1 Monachinae sp.¹ Trouessart 1897 seal Magophoca brevirostris n. gen. n. sp.³ Dewaele and de Muizon 2024 seal MNHN.F.PPI276
Cetacea - Ziphiidae	cf. Ziphiidae indet.⁸ cf. Ziphiidae indet.⁸ Gray 1850 beaked whale
Cetacea - Kentriodontidae	Kentriodontidae indet.⁷, Belonodelphis peruanus n. gen. n. sp. Kentriodontidae indet.⁷ Slijper 1936 toothed whale Belonodelphis peruanus n. gen. n. sp. Muizon 1988 toothed whale
Cetacea - Pontoporiidae	Brachydelphis mazeasi Brachydelphis mazeasi Muizon 1988 toothed whale
Cetacea -	Atocetus iquensis n. gen. n. sp., Acrophyseter sp.⁵, Acrophyseter robustus n. sp.⁶ Atocetus iquensis n. gen. n. sp. Muizon 1988 toothed whale Acrophyseter sp.⁵ Lambert et al. 2008 toothed whale Acrophyseter robustus n. sp.⁶ Lambert et al. 2017 toothed whale
Cetacea - Physeteridae	Physeteridae indet.⁸ Physeteridae indet.⁸ Gray 1821 sperm whale sp. 1
Cetacea - Cetotheriidae	Cetotheriidae indet.⁷ Cetotheriidae indet.⁷ Brandt 1872 whale
Actinopteri
Scorpaeniformes - Triglidae	Triglidae indet.⁸ Triglidae indet.⁸ sea robin
Istiophoriformes - Xiphiidae	Xiphiidae indet.⁸ Xiphiidae indet.⁸ Swainson 1839 sword fish
Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei	Alosinae indet.⁸ Alosinae indet.⁸ herring
Chondrichthyes
Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae	Myliobatis sp.⁸ Myliobatis sp.⁸ Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae	Carcharhinus sp.⁸ Carcharhinus sp.⁸ de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
Lamniformes - Otodontidae	"Procarcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon⁸ "Procarcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon⁸ Agassiz 1835 megalodon Also studied in Pimiento and Balk
Lamniformes - Lamnidae	"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis⁷ "Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis⁷ Agassiz 1838 white shark

¹Baez Gomez 2006; ²Chavez et al. 2007; ³Dewaele and de Muizon 2024; ⁴Gohlich 2007; ⁵Lambert 2014; ⁶Lambert et al. 2017; ⁷Marocco and Muizon 1988; ⁸Muizon and DeVries 1985